新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (7): 1687-1696.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.07.014

• 粮食和经济作物专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆番茄种质资源表型鉴定与评价

李玉姗1(), 马越1, 张瑜琨2, 田超1, 赵连佳1, 王风琴1, 李忠晴1, 王帆1, 卿全1, 宋羽1()   

  1. 1.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所/国家中亚特色作物种质资源中期库, 乌鲁木齐 830091
    2.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院乌鲁木齐综合试验站, 乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-05 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-09-05
  • 通信作者: 宋羽(1980-),男,新疆石河子人,研究员,博士,研究方向蔬菜种质资源鉴定及设施栽培、新品种测试,(E-mail)songyu150@163.com
  • 作者简介:李玉姗(1993-),女,甘肃人,硕士研究生,研究方向为蔬菜种质资源收集保存与鉴定评价,(E-mail)1105447858@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(2024D01B47);新疆蔬菜产业技术体系(XJARS-07-02);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A03004-1);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02005-2)

Phenotypic characterization and evaluation of tomato germplasm resources resources of Xinjiang

LI Yushan1(), MA Yue1, ZHANG Yukun2, TIAN Chao1, ZHAO Lianjia1, WANG Fengqin1, LI Zhongqing1, WANG Fan1, QING Quan1, SONG Yu1()   

  1. 1. Research Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Central Asian Characteristic Crop Germplasm Resources Medium-term Gene Bank, Urumqi 830091, China
    2. Urumqi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, China
  • Received:2024-12-05 Published:2025-07-20 Online:2025-09-05
  • Supported by:
    Young Scientists Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024D01B47);Xinjiang Vegetable Industry Technology System(XJARS-07-02);Major Scientific R &D Program Special Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A03004-1);Major Scientific R &D Program Special Projects of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022A02005-2)

摘要:

【目的】对收集的番茄种质资源开展表型鉴定与综合评价,为番茄遗传改良提供资源与理论参考。【方法】通过对“新疆维吾尔自治区第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动”(简称新疆“三普”)及“新疆农作物种质资源系统调查和抢救性收集”收集的137份番茄种质资源测定全生育期表型性状,利用遗传多样性分析、变异分析、相关性分析、主成分综合评价等方法,分析新疆“三普”收集番茄资源多样性,筛选品质优异的番茄资源。【结果】新疆“三普”收集到的番茄资源90%以上为无限生长的普通大果型鲜食番茄,5%的为有限生长类加工番茄;番茄果实性状和风味品质性状的遗传多样性最丰富,其中果形的遗传多样性指数最高1.432、心室数变异系数最大43%;按照番茄风味品质综合评价值进行聚类分析,分为七大类群,其中Ⅰ、Ⅲ类群为品质优异的樱桃番茄资源,第Ⅱ类群为品质优异的大果型番茄资源,可作为优质番茄育种的优异种质资源及分子育种材料。【结论】新疆三普收集的番茄种质资源表型多样性丰富,筛选出了风味品质优异的樱桃番茄资源和大果番茄资源。

关键词: 番茄; 种质资源; 鉴定评价; 优异种质

Abstract:

【Objective】 To provide resources and theoretical references for tomato genetic improvement by conducting phenotypic characterization and comprehensive evaluation of tomato germplasm resources collected during the "Third National Census and Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region" and the "Systematic Investigation and Rescue Collection of Crop Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang." 【Methods】 Phenotypic traits across the entire growth period of 137 tomato germplasm accessions were measured. Genetic diversity analysis, variation analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component comprehensive evaluation were employed to assess the diversity of tomato resources collected in Xinjiang’s Third National Census (hereafter "Third Census") and to screen elite germplasm with superior quality. 【Results】 Taxonomic classification revealed that over 90% of the collected tomato resources were indeterminate-growth fresh-market large-fruited tomatoes, while 5% were determinate-growth processing tomatoes. Fruit traits and flavor quality traits exhibited the highest genetic diversity, with fruit shape showing the highest genetic diversity index (1.432) and locule number displaying the largest coefficient of variation (43%). Cluster analysis based on comprehensive flavor quality scores classified the germplasm into seven major groups. Groups I and III comprised high-quality cherry tomato resources, while Group II included elite large-fruited tomato resources. These groups represented valuable germplasm and molecular breeding materials for high-quality tomato breeding. 【Conclusion】 This study has elucidated the phenotypic diversity of tomato germplasm resources collected during the Third National Crop Germplasm Census of Xinjiang. We have identified cherry tomato germplasm and large-fruited tomato germplasm with superior flavor quality.

Key words: tomato; germplasm resources; identification and evaluation; elite germplasm

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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