新疆杨树和柳树上壳囊孢属真菌的致病性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.05.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究分离自杨树(Populus spp.)与柳树(Salix spp.)上壳囊孢属(Cytospora spp.)真菌的致病性。【方法】将前期鉴定的13种壳囊孢属真菌的代表菌株,通过离体枝条烫伤法将菌饼接种于新疆杨(Populus alba)和白柳(Salix alba)上,测量病斑面积并比较不同种壳囊孢属真菌的致病性。【结果】菌株2067-3(Cytospora nivea)和1579-1(C.chrysosperma)在新疆杨和白柳上的致病性最强,病斑面积最高分别为6 021.30和5 661.87 mm²。选择5种分离自杨树与柳树的壳囊孢属真菌,分别接种至新疆杨与白柳的离体枝条上,新疆杨离体枝条的病斑面积明显大于白柳离体枝条的病斑面积;选3种分离自杨树的壳囊孢属真菌与5种分离自柳树的壳囊孢属真菌交互侵染后均能致病,并且致病性显著差异。分离自柳树的菌株2191-2(C.leucostoma)、1010-1(C.salicacearum)在杨树上的致病性高于分离自柳树的壳囊孢属真菌。【结论】分离自杨树和柳树的13种壳囊孢属真菌均能在杨树和柳树上致病,且致病性存在显著性差异。

关键词: 杨树; 柳树; 壳囊孢属; 致病性; 交叉侵染; 扩展规律

Abstract:

【Objective】This project aims to clarify Cytospora on the pathogenicity of Poplus and Salix in Xinjiang.【Methods】In this study, the representative strains of 13 species of Cytospora identified previously were inoculated on Poplus alba and Salix alba by branch scalding in vitro and then the lesion area was measured to compare the pathogenicity of different species of Cytospora on Poplus and Salix.【Results】Strains 2067-3 ( C.nivea ) and 1579-1 ( C.chrysosperma ) had the strongest pathogenicity on Poplus and Salix, with the highest lesion areas of 6,021.30 and 5,661.87 mm², respectively.5 species of Cytospora isolated from Poplus sp.and Salix sp.were selected and inoculated on the detached branches of Poplus alba and Salix alba respectively.The lesion area of detached branches of Poplus alba was significantly larger than that of Salix alba.3 species of Cytospora isolated from Poplus sp.and 5 species of Cytospora isolated from Salix sp.could cause disease after cross infection, and there were significant differences in pathogenicity.Strains 2191-2 (C.leucostoma) and 1010-1 (C.salicacearum) were more pathogenic on poplar than those isolated from willow.【Conclusion】The 13 species of Cytospora from Poplus and Salix are pathogenic to Poplus and Salix, and the pathogenicity is significantly different.

Key words: Populus sp.; Salix sp.; Cytospora; pathogenicity; cross-contamination; growth laws

中图分类号:

S432

翟亚伟, 陈虹瑾, 孙洪涛, 陈帅康, 刘楚丽, 马荣. 新疆杨树和柳树上壳囊孢属真菌的致病性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1227-1235.

ZHAI Yawei, CHEN Hongjin, SUN Hongtao, CHEN Shuaikang, LIU Chuli, MA Rong. Study on pathogenicity of Cytospora on Poplus and Salix in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(5): 1227-1235.

图/表 9

表1 供试菌株基本信息

Tab.1 The information of strain for this study

寄主植物属 Host: Genus	种类 Species	代表菌株 Strains No.
杨树Populus spp.	Cytospora paratranslucens	1089-2
	Cytospora davidiana	1173-1
	Cytospora longiostiolat	1144-1
柳树Salix spp.	Cytospora leucostoma	2191-2
	Cytospora germanica	1815-3
	Cytospora salicicola	1851-4
	Cytospora parakantschavelii	1566-3
	Cytospora salicacearum	1010-1
杨树Populus spp.	Cytospora nivea	2067-3
柳树Salix spp.	Cytospora chrysosperma	1579-1
	Cytospora atrocirrhata	2045-3
	Cytospora populina	1820-4
	Cytospora rusanovii	1584-1

图1 分离自杨树的壳囊孢属真菌在杨树和柳树上的病斑面积变化注(Note) :1089-2: C.paratranslucens; 1173-1: C.davidiana; 1144-1: C.longiostiolata

Fig.1 Changes of the lesion area of the Cytospora from Populus on Populus and Salix

图2 分离自柳树的壳囊孢属真菌在杨树和柳树上的病斑面积的变化注(Note):2191-2: C.leucostoma; 1010-1: C.salicacearum; 1815-3: C.germanica; 1566-3: C.parakantschavelii; 1851-4: C.salicicola

Fig.2 Changes of the lesion area of the Cytospora from Salix on Populus and Salix

图3 分离自杨树和柳树的壳囊孢属真菌的病斑面积的变化注(Note):2067-3: Cytospora nivea; 1579-1: C.chrysosperma; 2045-3: C.atrocirrhata; 1820-4: C.populina; 1584-1: C.rusanovii

Fig.3 Changes of Cytospora fungi in poloar and Salix in the area of lesions

图4 分离自杨树和柳树上的壳囊孢属真菌在杨树上的病斑面积的变化注(Note):2067-3: Cytospora nivea; 1579-1: C.chrysosperma; 1820-4: C.populina; 2045-3: C.atrocirrhata; 1584-1: C.rusanovii; 2191-2: C.leucostoma; 1010-1: C.salicacearum; 1089-2: C.paratranslucens; 1173-1: C.davidiana; 1144-1: C.longiostiolata; 1815-3: C.germanica; 1566-3: C.parakantschavelii; 1851-4: C.salicicola

Fig.4 Changes of the area of lesions of the Cytospora derived from Populus and Salix in Populus

图5 分离自杨树和柳树上的壳囊孢属真菌在柳树上的病斑面积的变化注(Note):1579-1: C.chrysosperma; 2067-3: Cytospora nivea; 2045-3: C.atrocirrhata; 1089-2: C.paratranslucens; 1584-1: C.rusanovii; 2191-2: C.leucostoma; 1820-4: C.populina; 1173-1: C.davidiana; 1010-1: C.salicacearum; 1851-4: C.salicicola; 1566-3: C.parakantschavelii; 1144-1: C.longiostiolata; 1815-3: C.germanica

Fig.5 Changes of the area of lesions of the Cytospora derived from Populus and Salix in Salix

图6 杨树和柳树上的壳囊孢属真菌在杨树和柳树上的病斑面积的变化注(Note):2067-3: Cytospora nivea; 1579-1: C.chrysosperma; 1089-2: C.paratranslucens; 2045-3: C.atrocirrhata; 1173-1: C.davidiana; 1820-4: C.populina; 1584-1: C.rusanovii; 2191-2: C.leucostoma; 1010-1: C.salicacearum; 1144-1: C.longiostiolata; 1815-3: C.germanica; 1851-4: C.salicicola; 1566-3: C.parakantschavelii;

Fig.6 Changes of lesions of area of Cytospora derived from Populus and Salix in Populus and Salix

图7 杨树和柳树上壳囊孢属真菌在杨树上的扩展速率的变化注(Note):1010-1: C.salicacearum; 1144-1: C.longiostiolata; 1089-2: C.paratranslucens; 1579-1: C.chrysosperma; 2191-2: C.leucostoma; 1584-1: C.rusanovii; 2045-3: C.atrocirrhata; 1820-4: C.populina; 1173-1: C.davidiana; 2067-3: Cytospora nivea; 1566-3: C.parakantschavelii; 1851-4: C.salicicola; 1815-3: C.germanica

Fig.7 Changes of the expand rate of Cytospora derived from Populus and Salix on Populus

图8 杨树和柳树上壳囊孢属真菌在柳树上扩展速率的变化注(Note):1010-1: C.salicacearum; 1089-2: C.paratranslucens; 1579-1: C.chrysosperma; 2191-2: C.leucostoma; 1584-1: C.rusanovii; 2045-3: C.atrocirrhata; 1820-4: C.populina; 1173-1: C.davidiana; 2067-3: Cytospora nivea; 1566-3: C.parakantschavelii; 1144-1: C.longiostiolata; 1851-4: C.salicicola; 1815-3: C.germanica

Fig.8 Changes of the expand rate of Cytospora derived from Populus and Salix on Salix

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