新疆农业绿色全要素生产率动态演变特征分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.S1.043

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 提高农业绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)有助于促进绿色农业发展。【方法】 采集新疆维吾尔自治区和新疆生产建设兵团2012~2021年面板数据,运用SBM-GML模型测算农业绿色全要素生产率(GTFP)、绿色技术效率(GEC)和绿色技术进步率(GTC),并用全局莫兰指数衡量其空间关联性。【结果】 (1)新疆农业绿色全要素生产率和绿色技术进步率总体呈上升趋势,但绿色技术效率呈降低趋势。(2)新疆农业绿色全要素生产率存在一定的空间差异性,总体呈出“南高北低”的分布特点。(3)除个别地级行政区,新疆农业绿色全要素生产率的空间关联性不显著。【结论】 应从优先发展新疆农业绿色技术进步效率开始,促进农业绿色全要素生产率发展,因地制宜,推动农业高质量绿色发展。

关键词: 农业; 绿色全要素生产率; SBM-GML模型

Abstract:

【Objective】 Improving agricultural green total factor productivity (GTFP) helps to promote green agriculture development. 【Methods】 This study uses panel data from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2012 to 2021, and applies the SBM-GML model to measure agricultural green total factor productivity (GTFP), green technology efficiency (GEC) and green technology progress rate (GTC), and measures their spatial correlation with the global Moran index. 【Results】 (1) The green total factor productivity (GTFP) and green technology progress rate of Xinjiang agriculture show an overall increasing trend, but the green technology efficiency shows a decreasing trend.(2) There is some spatial variability in the green total factor productivity of Xinjiang agriculture, and the overall distribution is characterized by “high in the south and low in the north”.(3) Except for some prefecture-level administrative regions, the spatial correlation of green total factor productivity in Xinjiang agriculture is not significant. 【Conclusion】 We should prioritize the development of green technological progress efficiency in Xinjiang agriculture, promote the development of green total factor productivity in agriculture, and promote the high-quality green development of agriculture according to local conditions.

Key words: agriculture; green total factor productivity; SBM-GML model

中图分类号:

赵小萌, 高敏, 孙召展, 胡伶岭, 刘媛, 郭春苗, 姚艳玲. 新疆农业绿色全要素生产率动态演变特征分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(S1): 218-224.

ZHAO Xiaomeng, GAO Min, SUN Zhaozhan, HU Lingling, LIU Yuan, GUO Chunmiao, YAO Yanling. Characterizing the dynamic evolution of green total factor productivity in Xinjiang agriculture[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(S1): 218-224.

图/表 9

参考文献 13

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指标类型 Indicator Type	一级指标 First level indicator	二级指标 Second level indicator
投入指标 Input indicators	化肥投入	化肥施用量(t)
	人员投入	从事农业人员(人)
	土地投入	农作物播种面积(10³hm²)千公顷
	机械投入	农业机械总动力(kW)千瓦
	灌溉投入	农业用水量(10⁸m³)亿立方米
	农膜投入	农膜使用量(kg)
	用电投入	农业用电量(10⁴kW·h)
期望产出 Expected output	农业总产值	农林牧渔业总产值(10⁴元)
非期望产出 Non-expected output	碳排放	各碳排放源排放量总和(kg)

指标类型 Indicator Type	一级指标 First level indicator	二级指标 Second level indicator
投入指标 Input indicators	化肥投入	化肥施用量(t)
	人员投入	从事农业人员(人)
	土地投入	农作物播种面积(10³hm²)千公顷
	机械投入	农业机械总动力(kW)千瓦
	灌溉投入	农业用水量(10⁸m³)亿立方米
	农膜投入	农膜使用量(kg)
	用电投入	农业用电量(10⁴kW·h)
期望产出 Expected output	农业总产值	农林牧渔业总产值(10⁴元)
非期望产出 Non-expected output	碳排放	各碳排放源排放量总和(kg)

碳排放源 Carbon emission sources	碳排放系数 Carbon emission factor	参考值来源 Reference value source
化肥 Chemical fertilizer	0.895 6 kg/kg	美国橡树岭国家实验室^[10]
农膜 Agricultural plastic film	5.18 kg/kg	IPCC^[11]
柴油 Diesel fuel	0.5927kg/kg	南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所^[11]
灌溉Irrigation	266.48kg/hm²	段华平等^[12]
翻耕Plowing	312.6kg/hm²	伍芬琳等^[13]

碳排放源 Carbon emission sources	碳排放系数 Carbon emission factor	参考值来源 Reference value source
化肥 Chemical fertilizer	0.895 6 kg/kg	美国橡树岭国家实验室^[10]
农膜 Agricultural plastic film	5.18 kg/kg	IPCC^[11]
柴油 Diesel fuel	0.5927kg/kg	南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所^[11]
灌溉Irrigation	266.48kg/hm²	段华平等^[12]
翻耕Plowing	312.6kg/hm²	伍芬琳等^[13]

年份 Year	GTFP	GEC	GTC
2012-2013	1.000 039	1.000 089	0.999 949
2013-2014	0.996 941	0.997 303	0.999 653
2014-2015	0.999 013	1.000 671	0.998 361
2015-2016	0.998 341	0.996 867	1.001 499
2016-2017	0.995 182	0.998 037	0.997 145
2017-2018	1.000 501	1.008 055	0.992 527
2018-2019	1.009 445	0.973 723	1.037 26
2019-2020	0.997 814	1.019 516	0.979 154
2020-2021	1.003 097	0.994 175	1.009 006
均值	1.000 042	0.998 715	1.001 617