150份玉米品种（系）对普通锈病田间抗性评价及7种药剂对普通锈病的田间防效

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.08.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确 150 份玉米品种（系）对玉米普通锈病抗性水平及 7 种杀菌剂对玉米普通锈病的田间防控效果，筛选抗病品种及防效好的药剂，为新疆玉米引种和抗病育种以及化学防治药剂选用提供理论依据。【方法】采用田间自然感病法，评价不同玉米种质材料对玉米普通锈病（Puccinia sorghi Schweinitz）的抗性水平；采用无人机飞防测试杀菌剂对玉米普通锈病的防治效果。【结果】供试的 150 份不同玉米种质材料中，免疫材料 0 份，高抗（HR）材料 7 份，抗病（R）材料97份，中抗（MR）材料34份，感病（S）材料8份，高感（HS）材料4份，分别占供试材料的0%、4.6%、64.7%、22.7%、5.3%和2.7%，不同玉米种质材料对玉米普通锈病的抗性有显著差异。供试的 7 种杀菌剂对玉米普通锈病均有一定的防治效果，在第2 次施药后 14 d，240 g/L氯氟醚·吡唑酯750 mL/hm²的防效最高，达到 68.39%，20%三唑酮防治表现最差，防效仅有 47.67%。【结论】田间表现高抗的材料有 7 份，推荐用作抗性育种材料。7 种杀菌剂防效强弱依次为 240 g/L 氯氟醚·吡唑酯 750 mL/hm²>18.7%丙环·嘧菌酯 1 050 mL/hm²>30%肟菌·戊唑醇 675 mL/hm²>23%醚菌·氟环唑 750 mL/hm²>125 g/L氟环唑 750 mL/hm²>430 g/L戊唑醇 375 mL/hm²>20%三唑酮 637.5 mL/hm²。

关键词: 玉米品种（系）; 玉米普通锈病; 抗性评价; 杀菌剂; 田间防效

Abstract: 【Objective】To determine the resistance levels of 150 maize varieties（lines）to common rust and evaluate the field control effects of 7 fungicides on common rust, and to screen disease-resistant varieties and effective fungicides in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for maize introduction, disease-resistance breeding, and chemical control agent selection of common rust disease in Xinjiang.【Methods】The field natural infection method was used to evaluate the resistance levels of different maize germplasm materials to maize common rust（Puccinia sorghi Schweinitz）, and unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV）spray tests were conducted to assess the efficacy of fungicides against maize common rust.【Results】Among the 150 maize germplasm materials tested, no materials showed complete immunity. Seven materials demonstrated that high resistant（HR）, 97 were resistant（R）, 34 were moderately resistant（MR）, 8 were susceptible（S）, and 4 were high susceptible（HS）materials, accounting for 0%, 4.6%, 64.7%, 22.7%, 5.3%, and 2.7% of the tested materials, respectively. Significant differences in resistance to common maize rust were observed among the different maize germplasm materials. All the seven fungicides tested had a certain control effect on corn common rust. 14 days after the second application, 240 g/L chloroflurane pyrazole ester at 750 mL/hm² achieved the highest control efficacy of 68.39%, while 20% triadimefon performed the worst with only 47.67% control efficacy.【Conclusion】 Seven materials exhibit high resistance in the field and are recommended as resistance breeding materials. The control effectiveness of the seven fungicides, in descending order, was as follows: 240 g/L Chloroflurane·pyrazoleester 750 mL/hm²,18.7% Propiconazol·Azoxystrobin 1 050 mL/hm², 30% Trifloxystrobin·Tebuconazole 675 mL/hm²,23% Epoxiconazole·Kresoxim-methyl 750 mL/hm², 125 g/L Epoxiconazole 750 mL/hm², 430 g/L Tebuconazole 375 mL/hm² , and 20% Triadimefon 637.5 mL/hm².

Key words: maize varieties（lines）; common maize rust; resistance evaluation; fungicide; field efficacy

中图分类号:

祖丽皮耶·安外尔, 王丽丽, 戴爱梅, 陈阳, 王云鹤, 李克梅. 150份玉米品种（系）对普通锈病田间抗性评价及7种药剂对普通锈病的田间防效[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(8): 1947-1955.

Zulipiye Anwaier, WANG Lili, DAI Aimei, CHEN Yang, WANG Yunhe, LI Kemei. Evaluation of field resistance to common rust in 150 maize varieties（lines） and control efficacy of 7 fungicides against maize rust in fields[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(8): 1947-1955.

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