新疆南疆海岛棉与陆地棉棉铃发育比较

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.001

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 521-530.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.001

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

新疆南疆海岛棉与陆地棉棉铃发育比较

邵永杰¹^,²(), 赵玉玲¹^,², 谢宗铭³(), 何良荣¹()

1.塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.南疆干旱区特色作物遗传改良与高效生产兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300
3.新疆农垦科学院棉花研究所/作物种质创新与基因资源利用兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子 832000

收稿日期:2024-08-07 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-05-14
通信作者: 何良荣(1970-),女,湖北人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为棉花种质资源,(E-mail) hlrzky@163.com;
谢宗铭(1971-),男,甘肃人,研究员,博士,研究方向为种质资源保存与评价利用,(E-mail) xiezmchy@163.com
作者简介:邵永杰(1999-),女,河南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物种质资源,(E-mail) 1932106157@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团农业科技创新工程专项(NCG202224);国家自然科学基金项目“GhCIPK6调控棉花耐热胁迫机理研究”(31550010)

Comparative study on the development of cotton bolls between Gossypium barbadense L. and Gossypium hirsutum L. in Southern Xinjiang

SHAO Yongjie¹^,²(), ZHAO Yuling¹^,², XIE Zongming³(), HE Liangrong¹()

1. College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
2. Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Efficient Production for Specialty Crops in Arid Southern Xinjiang of XPCC, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
3. Cotton Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization of XPCC,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000, China

Received:2024-08-07 Published:2025-03-20 Online:2025-05-14
Supported by:
Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of XPCC(NCG202224);National Natural Science Foundation of China " Regulation Mechanism of Heat Stress GhCIPK6 in Cotton"(31550010)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】比较研究新疆南疆海岛棉与陆地棉生长发育中棉铃各组分的动态变化,分析海岛棉和陆地棉棉铃的动态发育规律,为棉花高产优质栽培管理及优质育种提供科学的理论依据。【方法】以新海25号和新陆中37号的棉铃为研究对象,对棉铃发育的外部性状、铃部各组分干重进行logistic拟合比较。【结果】外部性状:海岛棉铃长、铃径和体积达到最大值天数分别较陆地棉晚9、9和15 d,并分别减少15.539 mm、7.167 mm和3.4 cm³;海岛棉的长径较陆地棉高0.725。海岛棉铃室为3~4室,棉籽数为20粒;陆地棉为4~5室,棉籽数为36粒。铃部性状:海岛棉棉铃铃壳、棉籽和纤维各干重达到最大值,较陆地棉分别晚12、9和3 d,且分别轻0.419、0.654和1.204 g;铃壳∶棉籽∶纤维比海岛棉为29∶46∶25,陆地棉为24∶43∶33。海岛棉和陆地棉棉铃各组分干物质用Logistic方程拟合结果,均呈“S”型曲线,海岛棉和陆地棉的棉铃鲜铃重、铃壳干重、体积随铃龄变化趋势相似;海岛棉铃长、铃径和棉籽干重进入和结束旺盛生长的时间较陆地棉晚1~4 d。【结论】陆地棉单铃重、铃室和棉籽数等均高于海岛棉,铃期低于海岛棉,铃壳、棉籽所占比重低于海岛棉,表现为衣分高、单铃重的特性。

关键词: 海岛棉; 陆地棉; 棉铃发育; logistic方程

Abstract:

【Objective】To study and compare the dynamic changes of boll components in the development of cotton bolls and to explore the dynamic development law of Gossypium barbadense L. and Gossypium hirsutum L. in southern Xinjiang in the hope of providing scientific theoretical basis for the management of high-yield and high-quality cultivation and high-yield and high-quality breeding of cotton.【Methods】The bolls of Xinhai No.25 and Xinluzhong No.37 were taken as the research objects, and the external traits of boll development and dry weight of boll components were compared, and besides, logistic fitting was also carried out for comparison. 【Results】External traits: the length, diameter and volume of the bolls reached their maximum values 9, 9 and 15 d later than those of land cotton, and were 15.539 mm, 7.167 mm and 3.4 cm³ less, respectively; the length-to-diameter ratio of island cotton was 0.725 more than that of land cotton; the bolls of island cotton had 3-4 chambers and 20 seeds; the chambers of land cotton had 4-5 chambers and 36 seeds. Boll traits: the dry weight of the boll shells, seeds and fibres of sea island cotton reached its maximum value 12, 9 and 3 d later than that of terrestrial cotton, and 0.419, 0.654 and 1.204 g lighter; the ratio of boll shells∶seeds∶fibres was 29∶46∶25 for sea island cotton, and 24∶43∶33 for terrestrial cotton; the dry matter of each component of the bolls of sea island and terrestrial cotton was fitted with the Logistic equation, and both showed the same dry matter as that of the land. Fitting results were "S" curve, island cotton and land cotton boll fresh boll weight, boll dry weight, volume with boll age change trends were all similar; Island cotton boll length, boll diameter and cotton seed dry weight entered and ended the vigorous growth time 1-4 d later than terrestrial cotton.【Conclusion】The single boll weight, boll chamber and cotton seed number of upland cotton are higher than that of island cotton, the boll period is shorter than that of island cotton, and the proportion of boll shell and cottonseed is lower than that of island cotton, which shows the characteristics of high lint content and significant single boll.

Key words: Gossypium barbadense L.; Gossypium hirsutum L.; boll development; logistic equation

中图分类号:

S562

邵永杰, 赵玉玲, 谢宗铭, 何良荣. 新疆南疆海岛棉与陆地棉棉铃发育比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(3): 521-530.

SHAO Yongjie, ZHAO Yuling, XIE Zongming, HE Liangrong. Comparative study on the development of cotton bolls between Gossypium barbadense L. and Gossypium hirsutum L. in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(3): 521-530.

图/表 8

参考文献 23

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铃龄 Days after anthesis (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	铃壳Sheel		棉籽Seed		纤维Fiber
铃龄 Days after anthesis (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	衣分 Lint Percentage (%)
0	0.048	0.044	91.58	0.004	8.42	-	-	-
3	0.053	0.046	86.26	0.007	13.74	-	-	-
6	0.107	0.084	78.55	0.023	21.45	-	-	-
9	0.194	0.137	70.47	0.057	29.53	-	-	-
12	0.466	0.311	66.74	0.113	24.25	0.042	9.01	27.10
15	0.974	0.651	66.84	0.249	25.56	0.074	7.6	22.91
18	1.409	0.813	57.7	0.481	34.14	0.115	8.16	19.30
21	1.621	0.968	59.72	0.549	33.87	0.104	6.42	15.93
24	2.01	1.129	56.17	0.699	34.78	0.182	9.05	20.66
27	2.605	1.213	46.56	1.108	42.53	0.284	10.9	20.40
30	2.878	1.38	47.95	1.159	40.27	0.339	11.78	22.63
33	3.447	1.685	48.88	1.305	37.86	0.457	13.26	25.94
36	3.901	1.737	44.53	1.515	38.84	0.649	16.64	29.99
39	3.780	1.427	37.75	1.561	41.3	0.792	20.95	33.66
42	3.767	1.392	36.95	1.622	43.06	0.753	19.99	31.71
45	4.865	1.642	33.76	2.132	43.82	1.091	22.42	33.85
48	4.468	1.156	25.87	1.96	43.86	1.352	30.27	40.82
51	5.038	1.745	34.64	2.199	43.65	1.093	21.7	33.20
54	5.697	1.543	27.08	2.684	47.11	1.47	25.81	35.39
57	5.675	1.641	28.92	2.792	49.2	1.242	21.88	30.79
60	5.665	1.685	29.74	2.624	46.32	1.356	23.94	34.07
63	6.029	1.711	28.38	2.751	45.62	1.567	26	36.29
66	5.540	1.488	26.86	2.763	49.87	1.290	23.28	31.83

铃龄 Days after anthesis (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	铃壳Sheel		棉籽Seed		纤维Fiber
铃龄 Days after anthesis (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	衣分 Lint Percentage (%)
0	0.048	0.044	91.58	0.004	8.42	-	-	-
3	0.053	0.046	86.26	0.007	13.74	-	-	-
6	0.107	0.084	78.55	0.023	21.45	-	-	-
9	0.194	0.137	70.47	0.057	29.53	-	-	-
12	0.466	0.311	66.74	0.113	24.25	0.042	9.01	27.10
15	0.974	0.651	66.84	0.249	25.56	0.074	7.6	22.91
18	1.409	0.813	57.7	0.481	34.14	0.115	8.16	19.30
21	1.621	0.968	59.72	0.549	33.87	0.104	6.42	15.93
24	2.01	1.129	56.17	0.699	34.78	0.182	9.05	20.66
27	2.605	1.213	46.56	1.108	42.53	0.284	10.9	20.40
30	2.878	1.38	47.95	1.159	40.27	0.339	11.78	22.63
33	3.447	1.685	48.88	1.305	37.86	0.457	13.26	25.94
36	3.901	1.737	44.53	1.515	38.84	0.649	16.64	29.99
39	3.780	1.427	37.75	1.561	41.3	0.792	20.95	33.66
42	3.767	1.392	36.95	1.622	43.06	0.753	19.99	31.71
45	4.865	1.642	33.76	2.132	43.82	1.091	22.42	33.85
48	4.468	1.156	25.87	1.96	43.86	1.352	30.27	40.82
51	5.038	1.745	34.64	2.199	43.65	1.093	21.7	33.20
54	5.697	1.543	27.08	2.684	47.11	1.47	25.81	35.39
57	5.675	1.641	28.92	2.792	49.2	1.242	21.88	30.79
60	5.665	1.685	29.74	2.624	46.32	1.356	23.94	34.07
63	6.029	1.711	28.38	2.751	45.62	1.567	26	36.29
66	5.540	1.488	26.86	2.763	49.87	1.290	23.28	31.83

铃龄 Boll age (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	铃壳Sheel		棉籽Seed		纤维Fiber
铃龄 Boll age (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	衣分 Lint Percentage (%)
0	0.047 25	0.045 00	95.24	0.002 25	4.76	-	-
3	0.047 90	0.040 50	84.55	0.007 40	15.45	-	-
6	0.217 52	0.162 52	74.72	0.055 00	25.28	-	-
9	0.590 00	0.403 60	68.41	0.114 80	19.46	0.071 6	12.14	38.41
12	0.947 00	0.577 00	60.93	0.239 00	25.24	0.131 0	13.83	35.41
15	2.003 00	1.164 00	58.11	0.596 60	29.79	0.242 4	12.10	28.89
18	2.996 00	1.547 00	51.64	1.105 00	36.88	0.344 0	11.48	23.74
21	3.161 60	1.501 40	47.49	1.235 80	39.09	0.424 4	13.42	25.56
24	3.670 00	1.645 20	44.83	1.468 20	40.01	0.556 6	15.17	27.49
27	3.909 40	1.776 40	45.44	1.599 00	40.90	0.534 0	13.66	25.04
30	4.486 60	1.821 00	40.59	1.746 00	38.92	0.919 6	20.50	34.50
33	4.451 60	1.747 40	39.25	1.740 20	39.09	0.964 0	21.66	35.65
36	5.464 80	1.935 80	35.42	2.118 00	38.76	1.411 0	25.82	39.98
39	6.474 80	2.164 60	33.43	2.577 60	39.81	1.732 6	26.76	40.20
42	6.508 00	2.058 80	31.63	2.548 80	39.16	1.900 4	29.20	42.71
45	6.981 00	1.999 00	28.63	2.972 50	42.58	2.009 5	28.79	40.34
48	7.764 40	2.110 00	27.18	3.446 00	44.38	2.208 4	28.44	39.06
51	8.226 00	1.988 40	24.17	3.564 00	43.33	2.673 6	32.50	42.86
54	8.370 80	1.904 20	22.75	3.487 40	41.66	2.979 2	35.59	46.07
57	8.623 80	2.002 40	23.22	3.643 20	42.25	2.978 2	34.53	44.98

铃龄 Boll age (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	铃壳Sheel		棉籽Seed		纤维Fiber
铃龄 Boll age (d)	单铃干重 Boll weight (g)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	重量 Weight (g)	比率 Ratio (%)	衣分 Lint Percentage (%)
0	0.047 25	0.045 00	95.24	0.002 25	4.76	-	-
3	0.047 90	0.040 50	84.55	0.007 40	15.45	-	-
6	0.217 52	0.162 52	74.72	0.055 00	25.28	-	-
9	0.590 00	0.403 60	68.41	0.114 80	19.46	0.071 6	12.14	38.41
12	0.947 00	0.577 00	60.93	0.239 00	25.24	0.131 0	13.83	35.41
15	2.003 00	1.164 00	58.11	0.596 60	29.79	0.242 4	12.10	28.89
18	2.996 00	1.547 00	51.64	1.105 00	36.88	0.344 0	11.48	23.74
21	3.161 60	1.501 40	47.49	1.235 80	39.09	0.424 4	13.42	25.56
24	3.670 00	1.645 20	44.83	1.468 20	40.01	0.556 6	15.17	27.49
27	3.909 40	1.776 40	45.44	1.599 00	40.90	0.534 0	13.66	25.04
30	4.486 60	1.821 00	40.59	1.746 00	38.92	0.919 6	20.50	34.50
33	4.451 60	1.747 40	39.25	1.740 20	39.09	0.964 0	21.66	35.65
36	5.464 80	1.935 80	35.42	2.118 00	38.76	1.411 0	25.82	39.98
39	6.474 80	2.164 60	33.43	2.577 60	39.81	1.732 6	26.76	40.20
42	6.508 00	2.058 80	31.63	2.548 80	39.16	1.900 4	29.20	42.71
45	6.981 00	1.999 00	28.63	2.972 50	42.58	2.009 5	28.79	40.34
48	7.764 40	2.110 00	27.18	3.446 00	44.38	2.208 4	28.44	39.06
51	8.226 00	1.988 40	24.17	3.564 00	43.33	2.673 6	32.50	42.86
54	8.370 80	1.904 20	22.75	3.487 40	41.66	2.979 2	35.59	46.07
57	8.623 80	2.002 40	23.22	3.643 20	42.25	2.978 2	34.53	44.98

		W_m/d	a	b	t₀/d	V_m/(g/d)	t₁/d	t₂/d	Δ_t/d	方程Equation	R²
海岛棉 Gossypium barbadense	棉铃鲜重	20.56	3.51	-0.19	18.77	0.96	11.73	25.81	14.08	y =20.56 / (1+3.51 e^-0^.¹⁸⁷^X)	0.984 0
	铃壳干重	1.61	3.56	-0.19	18.73	0.08	11.80	25.66	13.86	y =1.61 / (1+3.559 e^-0^.¹⁹^X)	0.971 9
	棉籽干重	2.97	3.44	-0.09	36.66	0.07	22.62	50.70	28.08	y =2.97 / (1+3.439 e^-0^.⁰⁹⁴^X)	0.981 7
	纤维干重	1.44	5.49	-0.15	37.88	0.05	28.79	46.96	18.17	y =1.44 / (1+5.492 e^-0^.¹⁴⁵^X)	0.975 6
	铃长	56.43	1.96	-0.18	11.05	2.50	3.62	18.48	14.86	y =56.43 / (1+1.958 e^-0^.¹⁷⁷^X)	0.983 6
	铃径	29.79	1.54	-0.16	9.41	1.22	1.37	17.45	16.08	y =29.79 / (1+1.54 e^-0^.¹⁶^X)	0.991 3
	体积	21.45	3.47	-0.18	19.19	0.97	11.91	26.46	14.55	y =21.45 / (1+3.473 e^-0^.¹⁸¹^X)	0.979 8
陆地棉 Gossypium hirsutum	棉铃鲜重	30.25	4.10	-0.28	14.72	2.11	9.99	19.45	9.46	y =30.25 / (1+4.10 e^-0^.²⁷⁹^X)	0.986 5
	铃壳干重	1.97	3.47	-0.24	14.62	0.12	9.07	20.18	11.11	y =1.97 / (1+3.47 e^-0^.²³⁷^X)	0.977 3
	棉籽干重	4.04	3.14	-0.09	33.29	0.10	19.31	47.27	27.96	y =4.04 / (1+3.14 e^-0^.⁰⁹⁴^X)	0.975 2
	纤维干重	3.68	4.21	-0.10	41.83	0.09	28.74	54.92	26.18	y =3.68 / (1+4.21 e^-0^.¹⁰¹^X)	0.990 9
	铃长	45.69	1.57	-0.2	7.91	2.26	1.26	14.56	13.30	y =45.69 / (1+1.57 e^-0^.¹⁹⁸^X)	0.992 1
	铃径	36.66	1.51	-0.20	7.42	1.86	0.95	13.90	12.95	y =36.66 / (1+1.51 e ^-0^.²⁰³^X)	0.981 3
	体积	25.28	5.54	-0.41	13.35	2.62	10.18	16.53	6.35	y =25.28 / (1+5.54 e ^-0^.⁴¹⁵^X)	0.985 9

新疆南疆海岛棉与陆地棉棉铃发育比较

Comparative study on the development of cotton bolls between Gossypium barbadense L. and Gossypium hirsutum L. in Southern Xinjiang

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