叶面喷施油菜素内酯和亚精胺对甜菜生长及产量的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.03.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同浓度的油菜素内酯和亚精胺对甜菜生长和产量的影响。【方法】在塔额盆地滴灌施肥条件下,以甜菜Beta 796为材料进行田间喷施试验,设置8个喷施处理(CK:清水对照,BR:0.1、0.2和0.3mg/L,SP:35、70和105 mg/L,BR+SP:0.2 mg/L+70 mg/L),分析不同浓度的油菜素内酯和亚精胺对甜菜株高、叶片光合性能、叶绿素含量以及干物质积累和产量的影响。【结果】0.2 mg/L BR 处理的叶片数、株高和叶绿素含量分别较CK增加了20.7%、25.72%和39.13%,净光合速率和蒸腾速率提高了33.88%和71.03%,总干物质积累增加了61.27%,产量和产糖量分别增加了32.31%和23.82%。105 mg/L SP处理的株高增加了9.53%,收获时青头比例降低了11.45%,产量增加了12.71%,含糖率提高了0.98%,产糖量增加了13.78%。【结论】喷施0.2 mg/L油菜素内酯可以促进甜菜生长,提高甜菜产量和产糖量,105 mg/L 亚精胺可以提高块根含糖率和产糖量,复配组合并未起到更优的效果。

关键词: 油菜素内酯; 亚精胺; 甜菜; 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the effects of different concentrations of brassinolide and spermidine on the growth and yield of sugarbeet.【Method】 Under the condition of drip irrigation and fertilization in Ta'e area, the field spraying experiment was carried out with sugarbeet Beta 796 as experimental material, and eight spraying treatments were set up (CK: clear water control;BR:0.1 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L, 0.3 mg/L;SP:35 mg/L, 70 mg/L, 105 mg/L;BR+SP:0.2 mg/L+70 mg/L) to study the effects of different concentrations of brassinolide and spermidine on plant height, leaf photosynthetic performance, chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation and yield of sugarbeet.【Results】 The results showed that the leaf number, plant height and chlorophyll content of 0.2 mg/LBR compared with CK increased by 20.7%, 25.72% and 39.13% respectively, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate increased by 33.88% and 71.03%, total dry matter accumulation increased by 61.27%, yield and sugar yield increased by 32.31% and 23.82%, respectively.The plant height of 105 mg/L SP treatment increased by 9.53%, the beet top ratio at harvest decreased by 11.45%, the yield increased by 12.71%, the sugar content increased by 0.98%, and the sugar yield increased by 13.78%.【Conclusion】 Spraying 0.2 mg/L brassinolide can promote sugarbeet growth and increase sugar yield and sugar yield and spraying 105 mg/L spermidine can increase sugar content and sugar yield of root tuber.Under the experimental conditions, the compound combination does not have a better effect.

Key words: brassinolide; spermidine; sugar beet; yield

中图分类号:

S566.3

陈英花, 白如霄, 王娟, 范守杰, 张新疆, 危常州. 叶面喷施油菜素内酯和亚精胺对甜菜生长及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(3): 698-705.

CHEN Yinghua, BAI Ruxiao, WANG Juan, FAN Shoujie, ZHANG Xinjiang, WEI Changzhou. Effects of Spraying Brassinolide and Spermidine on Growth and Yield of Sugarbeet[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(3): 698-705.

图/表 8

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处理 Treatment (mg/L)	干物质积累Dry matter accumulation (t/hm²)				叶面积指数 Leaf area index
处理 Treatment (mg/L)	地下部 Root	地上部 Shoot	总干物质 The total dry matter	根冠比 Root/Shoot	叶面积指数 Leaf area index
BR0.1	2.50±0.68^ab	2.67±0.63^ab	5.20±1.31^a	0.94±0.06^a	2.01±0.13^bc
BR0.2	2.36±0.16^ab	3.22±0.14^a	5.58±0.15^a	0.74±0.07^a	2.34±0.12^a
BR0.3	1.84±0.61^bc	1.95±0.33^cd	3.79±0.91^bc	0.93±0.18^a	1.80±0.04^cd
SP35	2.30±0.09^ab	2.63±0.15^ab	4.93±0.17^ab	0.88±0.06^a	1.72±0.25^d
SP70	2.84±0.59^a	3.14±0.01^a	5.98±0.57^a	0.90±0.19^a	2.11±0.05^d
SP105	1.44±0.25^c	1.50±0.42^d	2.94±0.23^c	1.06±0.54^a	2.11±0.12^ab
BR+SP 0.2+70	2.33±0.15^ab	2.45±0.11^bc	4.78±0.26^ab	0.95±0.02^a	2.17±0.06^ab
对照CK	1.51±0.17^c	1.95±0.26^cd	3.46±0.35^c	0.79±0.13^a	1.86±0.14^cd

处理 Treatment (mg/L)	干物质积累Dry matter accumulation (t/hm²)				叶面积指数 Leaf area index
处理 Treatment (mg/L)	地下部 Root	地上部 Shoot	总干物质 The total dry matter	根冠比 Root/Shoot	叶面积指数 Leaf area index
BR0.1	2.50±0.68^ab	2.67±0.63^ab	5.20±1.31^a	0.94±0.06^a	2.01±0.13^bc
BR0.2	2.36±0.16^ab	3.22±0.14^a	5.58±0.15^a	0.74±0.07^a	2.34±0.12^a
BR0.3	1.84±0.61^bc	1.95±0.33^cd	3.79±0.91^bc	0.93±0.18^a	1.80±0.04^cd
SP35	2.30±0.09^ab	2.63±0.15^ab	4.93±0.17^ab	0.88±0.06^a	1.72±0.25^d
SP70	2.84±0.59^a	3.14±0.01^a	5.98±0.57^a	0.90±0.19^a	2.11±0.05^d
SP105	1.44±0.25^c	1.50±0.42^d	2.94±0.23^c	1.06±0.54^a	2.11±0.12^ab
BR+SP 0.2+70	2.33±0.15^ab	2.45±0.11^bc	4.78±0.26^ab	0.95±0.02^a	2.17±0.06^ab
对照CK	1.51±0.17^c	1.95±0.26^cd	3.46±0.35^c	0.79±0.13^a	1.86±0.14^cd

处理 Treatment (mg/L)	根围 Rootperimeter (cm)	根长 Root length (cm)	青头比例 Beet top ratio (%)
BR0.1	36.73±0.40^cde	26.03±0.76^b	15.25±0.97^b
BR0.2	41.43±0.45^a	27.30±0.30^a	17.46±0.39^a
BR0.3	37.98±0.43^bc	24.03±0.32^d	17.06±0.83^a
SP35	35.67±0.76^e	24.50±0.10^d	11.56±0.20^de
SP70	38.20±0.26^b	26.07±0.21^b	10.87±0.39^e
SP105	36.67±0.15^de	24.67±0.71^d	10.41±1.03^e
BR+SP 0.2+70	37.20±0.26^bcd	25.80±0.52^bc	13.57±0.47^bc
对照CK	36.87±0.76^cde	24.77±0.25^cd	13.06±0.96^cd

处理 Treatment (mg/L)	根围 Rootperimeter (cm)	根长 Root length (cm)	青头比例 Beet top ratio (%)
BR0.1	36.73±0.40^cde	26.03±0.76^b	15.25±0.97^b
BR0.2	41.43±0.45^a	27.30±0.30^a	17.46±0.39^a
BR0.3	37.98±0.43^bc	24.03±0.32^d	17.06±0.83^a
SP35	35.67±0.76^e	24.50±0.10^d	11.56±0.20^de
SP70	38.20±0.26^b	26.07±0.21^b	10.87±0.39^e
SP105	36.67±0.15^de	24.67±0.71^d	10.41±1.03^e
BR+SP 0.2+70	37.20±0.26^bcd	25.80±0.52^bc	13.57±0.47^bc
对照CK	36.87±0.76^cde	24.77±0.25^cd	13.06±0.96^cd

处理 Treatment	产量 Yield (t/hm²)	含糖率 Sugar content (%)	产糖量 Sugar yield (t/hm²)
BR0.1	95.70±6.02^de	16.64±0.64^abc	15.75±0.84^c
BR0.2	124.90±6.60^a	16.18±0.95^c	20.22±1.85^a
BR0.3	100.35±5.87^d	16.18±0.57^c	16.22±0.88^c
SP35	112.40±0.88^b	16.33±0.38^bc	18.36±0.53^b
SP70	96.21±3.75^e	17.33±0.64^ab	16.69±1.13^c
SP105	106.40±3.01^bc	17.46±0.39^a	18.58±0.82^ab
BR+SP 0.2+70	106.00±1.98^c	17.38±0.20^ab	18.42±0.22^b
对照CK	94.40±4.85^e	17.29±0.30^ab	16.33±1.12^c