DNA分子检测技术定量评估捕食性天敌对棉蚜的控害功能

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.11.008

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (11): 2661-2667.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.11.008

• 植物保护・草业・畜牧兽医 • 上一篇下一篇

DNA分子检测技术定量评估捕食性天敌对棉蚜的控害功能

王冬梅(), 潘洪生(), 李海强, 丁瑞丰, 阿克旦・吾外士, 刘建, 李号宾

新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2021-12-24 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-12-28
通信作者: 潘洪生(1982-),男,研究员,博士,研究方向为棉花害虫综合防控,(E-mail)panhongsheng0715@163.com
作者简介:王冬梅(1969-),女,新疆人,研究员,研究方向为转基因安全性评价,(E-mail)wdm872@sina.com
基金资助:
NSFC-新疆联合基金重点支持项目(U2003212);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020004);自治区国际科技合作计划(20146014);天山创新团队计划(2020D14004)

Quantitatively Evaluate the Control Function of Predatory Natural Enemies on Cotton Aphids by DNA Molecular Detection Technology

WANG Dongmei(), PAN Hongsheng(), LI Haiqiang, DING Ruifeng, Akedan Wuwaishi, LIU Jian, LI Haobin

Key Laboratory of Intergraded Management of Harmful Crop Vermin of China Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R.C. /Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2021-12-24 Published:2022-11-20 Online:2022-12-28
Supported by:
Joint Project of the National Natural Science Foundation and Xinjiang(U2003212);Special Incubation Project of Science & Technology Renovation Key Technology Innovation Incubation Project of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjkcpy-2020004);International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(20146014);Tianshan Innovation Team Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020D14004)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】利用DNA分子检测技术定量评价新疆棉田重要捕食性天敌对棉蚜的控害作用,为有效发挥捕食性天敌在棉田害虫生物防治中的作用提供支撑。【方法】田间系统调查棉蚜种群数量,运用DNA分子检测技术定量分析的捕食性天敌中肠棉蚜检出率并分析相关性,以棉蚜检出率为依据研究新疆棉田优势捕食性天敌,基于棉田和邻近苜蓿条带采集捕食性瓢虫的中肠对棉蚜和三叶草彩斑蚜的检出率分析捕食性瓢虫的取食偏好习性。【结果】2019~2021年,棉田棉蚜种群数量和捕食性天敌中肠棉蚜检出率均密切相关,Pearson相关系数分别为0.921和0.839;多异瓢虫是新疆棉田优势捕食性天敌。2019年当捕食性瓢虫采自苜蓿条带时,三叶草彩斑蚜在6月、7月和8月的检出率分别为52.50 ％、73.70 ％和27.95 ％,棉蚜在6月、7月和8月的检出率分别为0、21.10 ％和38.71 ％;当捕食性瓢虫采自棉田时,棉蚜在6月、7月和8月的检出率分别为18.11％、75.52 ％和49.53 ％,三叶草彩斑蚜在6月、7月和8月的检出率分别为92.12 ％、29.60 ％和5.61 ％。当棉蚜种群数量较少时,捕食性瓢虫以取食苜蓿条带的三叶草彩斑蚜为主,当棉蚜和三叶草彩斑蚜同时发生时,捕食性瓢虫以取食栖息生境的蚜虫种类为主。【结论】利用DNA分子检测技术可以定量评估捕食性天敌对棉蚜的控害作用。邻近棉田的苜蓿条带可以为捕食性天敌提供替代食物,对其具有重要的保育作用。

关键词: DNA分子检测技术; 定量分析; 捕食性天敌; 检出率; 棉田; 苜蓿条带

Abstract:

【Objective】 To carry out quantitative evaluation of the control effects of predatory natural enemies on cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii) by using DNA molecular detection techniques in Xinjiang cotton fields in the hope of providing important scientific and technological support for the effectively use of predatory natural enemies in biological control. 【Methods】 In this paper, we firstly carried out the correlation analysis between the population number of cotton aphids and the detection rate of cotton aphids in the midgut of predatory natural enemies by using DNA molecular detection technology, and then the dominant predatory natural enemies in Xinjiang cotton fields was determined based on the detection rate of cotton aphids. Meanwhile, the feeding preference habits of predatory ladybeetles were analyzed based on the detection rate of cotton aphids and Therioaphis trifolii in the midgut of predatory ladybeetles collected from cotton fields and adjacent alfalfa strips, respectively. 【Results】 In 2019 and 2021,the population number of cotton aphids was closely correlated with the detection rate of cotton aphids in the midgut of predatory natural enemies, and the Pearson correlation coefficients was 0.921 and 0.839, respectively. The quantitative analysis of the detection rate of cotton aphids in the midgut of different predatory natural enemies in two years showed that Hippodamia variegata was the dominant predatory natural enemy in Xinjiang cotton fields. In 2019, when predatory ladybeetles were collected from alfalfa strips, the detection rates of T.trifoliiin June, July and August were respectively 52.50％, 73.70％ and 27.95％, and the detection of rates cotton aphids in June, July and August were 0,21.10％ and 38.71％, respectively. When predatory ladybeetles were collected from cotton fields, the detection rates of cotton aphids in June, July and August were respectively 18.11％, 75.52％ and 49.53％, and the detection rates of T.trifoliiin June, July and August were 92.12％, 29.60％ and 5.61％, respectively. These results showed that predatory ladybeetles mainly feed on T. trifoliifrom alfalfa strips when the population number of cotton aphids was fewer, and they mainly feed on aphid species from their habitats when cotton aphids and T. trifolii simultaneously occurred. 【Conclusion】 The control effects of predatory natural enemies on cotton aphids could be quantitatively evaluated by using DNA molecular detection techniques. Alfalfa strips adjacent with cotton fields can provide alternative prey for predatory natural enemies, which play an important role in their conservation.

Key words: DNA molecular detection technology; quantitative analysis; predatory natural enemies; cotton fields; alfalfa strips

中图分类号:

S476

王冬梅, 潘洪生, 李海强, 丁瑞丰, 阿克旦・吾外士, 刘建, 李号宾. DNA分子检测技术定量评估捕食性天敌对棉蚜的控害功能[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(11): 2661-2667.

WANG Dongmei, PAN Hongsheng, LI Haiqiang, DING Ruifeng, Akedan Wuwaishi, LIU Jian, LI Haobin. Quantitatively Evaluate the Control Function of Predatory Natural Enemies on Cotton Aphids by DNA Molecular Detection Technology[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(11): 2661-2667.

图/表 5

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蚜虫种类 Aphid species	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence(5'-3')	退火温度 Annealing temperature
棉蚜	AG-F5R2F	CCACCCTCATTAATAATAATAATTTGC	57℃
A. gossypii	AG-F5R2R	GTAATAGCACCAGCTAATACAGGTAAG
三叶草彩斑蚜	Thet-F1	TGGTAATTGATTAATCCCTC	50℃
T. trifolii	Thet-R1	TAAAGTTAATAGCTCCTAAG

蚜虫种类 Aphid species	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列 Primer sequence(5'-3')	退火温度 Annealing temperature
棉蚜	AG-F5R2F	CCACCCTCATTAATAATAATAATTTGC	57℃
A. gossypii	AG-F5R2R	GTAATAGCACCAGCTAATACAGGTAAG
三叶草彩斑蚜	Thet-F1	TGGTAATTGATTAATCCCTC	50℃
T. trifolii	Thet-R1	TAAAGTTAATAGCTCCTAAG

天敌种类 Natural enemy species	2019年			2021年
天敌种类 Natural enemy species	总检测数 Total	检出数 Number	检出率 Positive (％)	总检测数 Total	检出数 Number	检出率 Positive (％)
多异瓢虫(成虫) H. variegate(adult)	957	584	61.06	1 035	520	50.24
方斑瓢虫(成虫) P. quatuordecimpunctata(adult)	33	9	27.24	167	49	29.34
菱斑巧瓢虫(成虫) O. conglobate (adult)	72	12	16.65	167	38	22.75
七星瓢虫(成虫) C. septempunctata(adult)	6	0	0.00
食蚜蝇类成虫Hover flyadults				5	0	0.00
瓢虫类幼虫Ladybeetle larvae	798	524	65.71	532	314	59.02
草蛉类幼虫Lacewing larvae	123	69	56.03	58	28	48.95
合计Total	1 988	1 198	60.26	1 964	949	48.32

天敌种类 Natural enemy species	2019年			2021年
天敌种类 Natural enemy species	总检测数 Total	检出数 Number	检出率 Positive (％)	总检测数 Total	检出数 Number	检出率 Positive (％)
多异瓢虫(成虫) H. variegate(adult)	957	584	61.06	1 035	520	50.24
方斑瓢虫(成虫) P. quatuordecimpunctata(adult)	33	9	27.24	167	49	29.34
菱斑巧瓢虫(成虫) O. conglobate (adult)	72	12	16.65	167	38	22.75
七星瓢虫(成虫) C. septempunctata(adult)	6	0	0.00
食蚜蝇类成虫Hover flyadults				5	0	0.00
瓢虫类幼虫Ladybeetle larvae	798	524	65.71	532	314	59.02
草蛉类幼虫Lacewing larvae	123	69	56.03	58	28	48.95
合计Total	1 988	1 198	60.26	1 964	949	48.32

日期 Date (D/M)	苜蓿条带Alfalfa strips		棉田Cotton fields
日期 Date (D/M)	棉蚜 A. gossypii	三叶草彩斑蚜 T. trifolii	棉蚜 A. gossypii	三叶草彩斑蚜 T. trifolii
14/6	0.00	42.11	8.33	91.67
22/6	0.00	78.26	19.13	92.17
6月平均 Average in June	0.00	52.50	18.11	92.12
1/7	0.00	90.00	28.95	71.00
8/7	0.00	92.54	41.43	50.00
13/7	0.00	92.06	72.73	38.57
22/7	47.92	52.86	94.21	24.79
29/7	60.00	53.85	91.04	17.16
7月平均 Average in July	21.10	73.70	75.52	29.60
5/8	84.62	33.33	73.08	11.92
12/8	18.75	21.88	30.77	1.54
19/8	22.86	14.29	24.14	6.90
8月平均 Average in August	38.71	27.95	49.53	5.61

DNA分子检测技术定量评估捕食性天敌对棉蚜的控害功能

Quantitatively Evaluate the Control Function of Predatory Natural Enemies on Cotton Aphids by DNA Molecular Detection Technology

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