果树种植区梨/李小食心虫性引诱剂应用技术分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.04.019

新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (4): 942-949.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.04.019

果树种植区梨/李小食心虫性引诱剂应用技术分析

木尼热·买买提¹(), 索银·图雅¹, 阿地力·沙塔尔¹(), 阿洪江·吾斯曼²

1.新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 8430052
2.新疆克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州林业与草原局,新疆阿图什 845350

收稿日期:2021-07-13 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-24
通信作者: 阿地力·沙塔尔(1968-),男,新疆人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为林业外来有害生物监测与防控,(E-mail) adl1968@126.com
作者简介:木尼热·买买提(1994-),女,新疆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为林业外来有害生物监测与防控,(E-mail) 935404333@qq.com
基金资助:
2018年自治区农业技术推广项目“基于性信息素的杏树食心虫监测及防控技术的示范推广”

Applied Technology Research into Sex Attractant for Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke in the Fruit Tree Planting Area of Southern Xinjiang

Munire Maimaiti¹(), Suoyin Tuya¹, Adili Shataer¹(), Ahongjiang Wusiman²

1. College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052,China
2. Kezilsu Kirgiz Autonomic Prefecture Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Atushi City Xinjiang 845350, China

Received:2021-07-13 Published:2022-04-20 Online:2022-04-24
Supported by:
2018 Autonomous Region Agricultural Technology Extension Project “Demonstration and Promotion of Monitoring and control Technology of Apricot Soybean Moth Insects Based on Sex Pheromone”

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆南疆林果种植区梨/李小食心虫性信息素监测技术。【方法】试验区分别按4、8、12个/667m²的密度悬挂含有梨/李小食心虫诱芯的诱捕器,另设置3种不同类型诱捕器,在杏园不同密度、不同类型诱捕器对梨/李小食心虫的诱捕效果进行对比,对诱捕器粘虫板和诱芯更换期进行试验。【结果】诱捕器密度4、8、12个/667m²试验区杏子采摘前蛀果率分别为11.33%、7.20%、5.60%,诱捕器密度4个/667m²与8、12个/667m²之间有显著性差异。诱捕器密度8和12个/667m²个之间无显著差异。不同类型诱捕器对梨/李小食心虫的诱捕效果有明显差异。其中,盆式诱捕器对梨/李小食心虫诱捕效果最好,三角形诱捕器次之,盆式诱捕器和三角形诱捕器之间无显著差异,瓶式诱捕器的诱捕效果显著差于三角形诱捕器和盆式诱捕器。粘虫板和诱芯持效期对梨/李小食心虫诱捕效果有一定的影响。粘虫板更换期5 d和诱芯更换期10 d诱捕效果最佳。【结论】在南疆高温干旱区域杏园以性引诱剂来防治梨/李小食心虫无法达到有效控制其危害的目的。尽管盆式诱捕器诱捕效果好,但是每日需要加水,采用三角形诱捕器,粘虫板和诱芯更换期对诱捕效果影响很大,7~10 d更换1次粘虫板、30 d更换1次诱芯。

关键词: 林果种植区; 梨小食心虫; 李小食心虫; 诱捕器; 诱芯

Abstract:

【Objective】 To provide scientific basis for sex pheromone monitoring and control of Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana in fruit tree planting areas of southern Xinjiang.【Method】 Traps containing Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana and three different types of traps were hung at the density of 4 traps per 667m ², 8 traps per 667m²and 12 traps per 667m², respectively.The trapping effects of different densities and different types of traps on Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke were compared in apricot orchard, and the stick insect of the insect and replacement period of the trap core were also tested.【Result】 In the experimental area with 4 traps per 667m ², 8 traps per 667m² and 12 traps per 667m², the fruit decay rates before picking were 11.33%, 7.20%, 5.60%, respectively, and there was significant difference in the trap densities of 4 traps per 667m²with 8 traps per 667m² and 12 traps per 667 m².There was no significant difference between 8 traps per 667m² and 12 traps per 667m².The trapping effects of different traps on the Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke were obviously different.Among them, the pot trap had the best trapping effect on the Grapholita molesta/Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke, followed by the triangle trap.There was no significant difference between the pot trap and the triangle trap.The trapping effect of the bottle trap was significantly worse than that of the triangle trap and the pot trap.Stick insect and duration of trap core had certain influence on trapping effects on Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke.The best trapping effect was found in stick insect replacement period of 5 d and trap core replacement period of 10 d.【Conclusion】 Using sexual attractant to control the Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke in apricot orchard in arid and high temperature areas of southern Xinjiang cannot achieve the goal of effectively controlling its harm.Although the pot trap had good trapping effect, it needs to be added water every day, so it is suggested to use triangle trap.Stick insect and the replacement period of trap core have great influence on the trapping effects.It is suggested that the stick insect should be replaced once every 7 to 10 d and the trap core should be replaced once every 30 days.

Key words: forest and fruit planting areas; Grapholita molesta; Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke; trap; sex pheromone

中图分类号:

S436.611

木尼热·买买提, 索银·图娅, 阿地力·沙塔尔, 阿洪江·吾斯曼. 果树种植区梨/李小食心虫性引诱剂应用技术分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(4): 942-949.

Munire Maimaiti, Suoyin Tuya, Adili Shataer, Ahongjiang Wusiman. Applied Technology Research into Sex Attractant for Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke in the Fruit Tree Planting Area of Southern Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(4): 942-949.

图/表 6

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诱捕器类型 Trap type	梨小食心虫 Grapholitha molesta			李小食心虫 Grepholitha funebran
诱捕器类型 Trap type	总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	单日最高诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum daily catch	平均诱捕量 (头/只) Average catch	总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	单日最高诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum daily catch	平均诱捕量 (头/只) Average catch
盆式诱捕器 Basin trap	678	55	27.15±8.60^a	516	50	20.64±8.27^a
三角形诱捕器 Triangle trap	553	54	22.15±3.68^a	441	49	17.67±8.48^a
瓶式诱捕器 Bottle trap	185	18	7.43±9.59^b	120	12	4.83±2.02^b

诱捕器类型 Trap type	梨小食心虫 Grapholitha molesta			李小食心虫 Grepholitha funebran
诱捕器类型 Trap type	总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	单日最高诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum daily catch	平均诱捕量 (头/只) Average catch	总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	单日最高诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum daily catch	平均诱捕量 (头/只) Average catch
盆式诱捕器 Basin trap	678	55	27.15±8.60^a	516	50	20.64±8.27^a
三角形诱捕器 Triangle trap	553	54	22.15±3.68^a	441	49	17.67±8.48^a
瓶式诱捕器 Bottle trap	185	18	7.43±9.59^b	120	12	4.83±2.02^b

处理组 Treatment	梨小食心虫Grapholitha molesta				李小食心虫Grepholitha funebran
处理组 Treatment	单位时间内总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	每2 d日平均诱捕量 (头) Average catch	每2 d单日最少诱蛾量 (头/只) Minimum 2 d catch	每2单日最多诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum 2 d catch	单位时间内总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	每2 d日平均诱捕量 (头) Average catch	每2 d单日最少诱蛾量 (头/只) Minimum 2 d catch	每2单日最多诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum 2 d catch
1	1 498	59.92	1	74	634	25.36	0	25
	1 958	78.32	1	101	658	26.32	0	34
	1 663	66.52	1	65	653	26.12	0	26
2	2 834	113.36	1	115	1 100	44.00	0	70
	3 008	120.32	2	183	1 117	44.68	0	113
	2 775	111.00	1	118	963	38.52	0	86
3	3 477	139.08	0	162	1 579	63.16	0	72
	3 842	153.68	0	294	1 625	65.00	0	64
	2 828	113.12	0	74	1 418	56.72	0	45

处理组 Treatment	梨小食心虫Grapholitha molesta				李小食心虫Grepholitha funebran
处理组 Treatment	单位时间内总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	每2 d日平均诱捕量 (头) Average catch	每2 d单日最少诱蛾量 (头/只) Minimum 2 d catch	每2单日最多诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum 2 d catch	单位时间内总诱捕量 (头) Total trap	每2 d日平均诱捕量 (头) Average catch	每2 d单日最少诱蛾量 (头/只) Minimum 2 d catch	每2单日最多诱蛾量 (头/只) Maximum 2 d catch
1	1 498	59.92	1	74	634	25.36	0	25
	1 958	78.32	1	101	658	26.32	0	34
	1 663	66.52	1	65	653	26.12	0	26
2	2 834	113.36	1	115	1 100	44.00	0	70
	3 008	120.32	2	183	1 117	44.68	0	113
	2 775	111.00	1	118	963	38.52	0	86
3	3 477	139.08	0	162	1 579	63.16	0	72
	3 842	153.68	0	294	1 625	65.00	0	64
	2 828	113.12	0	74	1 418	56.72	0	45

处理组 Treatment	密度 (只/667m²) Density	单个诱捕器平均诱捕量(头/只/日) Average trapping
处理组 Treatment	密度 (只/667m²) Density	梨小食心虫 Grapholitha molesta	李小食心虫 Grepholitha funebrana
1	4	34.13±33.79^a	12.97±12.55^a
2	8	28.72±22.75^a	10.60±10.73^a
3	12	22.25±18.02^a	10.27±9.90^a

果树种植区梨/李小食心虫性引诱剂应用技术分析

Applied Technology Research into Sex Attractant for Grapholita molesta and Grapholitha funebrana Treitscheke in the Fruit Tree Planting Area of Southern Xinjiang

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参考文献 22

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更换间隔期 Replace the interval (d)	梨小食心虫Grapholitha molesta			李小食心虫Grepholitha funebrana
更换间隔期 Replace the interval (d)	总诱蛾量 (头) Total trap	平均诱蛾量 (头) Average catch	单日最高诱蛾量 (头) Maximum daily trapping	总诱蛾量 (头) Total trap	平均诱蛾量 (头) Average catch	单日最高诱蛾量 (头) Maximum daily trapping
10	904	23.79±0.85^a	39	580	15.26±0.98^a	35
20	738	19.42±1.03^b	33	420	11.05±0.48^b	21
30	713	18.76±0.96^b	32	398	10.47±0.65^b	17

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