新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 1144-1155.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.05.013
谈钇汐1(), 付开赟2(
), 贾尊尊2, 李爱梅1, 丁新华2, 吐尔逊·阿合买提2, 冯宏祖1, 郭文超2(
)
收稿日期:
2021-12-01
出版日期:
2022-05-20
发布日期:
2022-06-09
通信作者:
郭文超( 1966- ),男,河北人,研究员,博士,硕/博士生导师,研究方向为农业害虫综合防治,( E-mail) gwc1966@163. Com;付开赟(1987-),男,浙江人,助理研究员,研究方向为农业害虫综合防治,(E-mail) fukaiyun000@foxmail.com作者简介:
谈钇汐(1997-),男,江苏人,硕士研究生,研究方向为资源利用与植物保护,(E-mail) 657747590@qq.com
基金资助:
TAN Yixi1(), FU Kaiyun2(
), JIA Zunzun2, LI Aimei1, DING Xinhua2, Tursun Ahemat2, FENG Hongzu1, GUO Wenchao2(
)
Received:
2021-12-01
Published:
2022-05-20
Online:
2022-06-09
Correspondence author:
GUO Wenchao (1966-), male, from Hebei, Researcher, doctoral supervisor, research direction is integrated control of agricultural pests, (E-mail) gwc1966@163.com;FU Kaiyun(1987-), male, born in Xinjiang, Assistant researcher, Research direction :Integrated management of Agricultural Pests, (E-mail) fukaiyun000@foxmail.comSupported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究诱捕器颜色、悬挂高度、悬挂位置对诱蛾效果的影响,为针对番茄潜叶蛾的绿色防控提供依据。【方法】以专一性引诱剂为材料,采用行为生态学技术方法,在有机蔬菜生产温棚,对比研究性信息素诱捕器(平面式)颜色、诱捕器悬挂高度和诱捕器悬挂位置对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果。【结果】蓝色、绿色、黄色和白色4种颜色性信息素诱捕器均可诱捕到一定数量的番茄潜叶蛾,4种颜色诱捕器41 d平均日诱蛾量从高至低依次为蓝色65.4头、绿色59.7头、白色47.4头、黄色30.9头,逐日诱蛾量中,蓝色诱捕器最高,依次为蓝色和绿色>白色>黄色诱捕器,差异显著。不同颜色诱捕器逐日诱蛾量占比中,4种颜色的诱捕器两两比较均有显著性差异,依次为蓝色>绿色>白色>黄色。3种悬挂高度性信息素诱捕器39 d平均日诱蛾量依次为40~60 cm为125.1头、90~110 cm为96.1头、140~160 cm为65.1头,逐日诱蛾量中,40~60 cm最高,依次为40~60 cm>90~110 cm>140~160 cm,差异明显。不同悬挂高度诱捕器诱蛾量占比中,40~60 cm显著高于其他2种悬挂高度,依次为40~60 cm>90~110 cm>140~160 cm,差异明显。3种悬挂位置性信息素诱捕器35 d平均日诱蛾量依次为悬挂于通风口处为103.0头、出入口处为66.6头、远离通风口处为71.4头/诱捕器,逐日诱蛾量中,通风口处诱蛾量最高,依次为通风口>远离通风口>出入口,差异明显。不同悬挂位置诱捕器诱蛾量占比中,悬挂于通风口处的诱捕器诱蛾量显著高于其他2种悬挂位置,依次为通风口>出入口和远离通风口,差异明显。通风口>远离通风口>出入口。【结论】在设施蔬菜生产中,将蓝色性信息素诱捕器(平面式)于40~60 cm放置通风口处,对番茄潜叶蛾的诱捕效果最好。
中图分类号:
谈钇汐, 付开赟, 贾尊尊, 李爱梅, 丁新华, 吐尔逊·阿合买提, 冯宏祖, 郭文超. 诱捕器颜色、悬挂高度与位置对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(5): 1144-1155.
TAN Yixi, FU Kaiyun, JIA Zunzun, LI Aimei, DING Xinhua, Tursun Ahemat, FENG Hongzu, GUO Wenchao. Evaluation of Trap Colour, Hanging Height and Position on the Effectiveness of Trapping Tuta absoluta(meyrick)[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(5): 1144-1155.
图1 4种诱捕器颜色的诱蛾量占比 注:每种颜色诱捕器日诱蛾量占比(平均值±标准误,n=4),诱捕器颜色旁小写字母不同表示在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析),粉色线表示日诱蛾量占比理论值(25%)
Fig.1 Proportion of lured T.absoluta adults of four different colors of sex pheromone traps Note:Proportion of trapped adults per sex pheromone trap per day (mean±SE, n=4).Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among colors of sex pheromone traps at P<0.05 level (One-way ANOVA); Pink line indicates theoretical value (25%) of percent of trapped adults
图2 4种诱捕器颜色诱捕器下日平均诱蛾量变化 注:每种颜色诱捕器日诱蛾数量(平均值±标准误,n=4),诱捕器颜色旁小写字母不同表示不同颜色间在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析)
Fig.2 Number of trapped T.absoluta adults of four different colors of sex pheromone traps Note:Number of trapped adults per sex pheromone trap per day (mean±SE, n=5×3); Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among colors of sex pheromone traps at P<0.05 level (One-way ANOVA)
颜色 Colour | 诱蛾量 Moth trapping quantity(头) | 诱蛾量占比 Proportion of moth trapping quantity(%) |
---|---|---|
蓝色 Blue | 65.4±10.5a | 33.09±1.03a |
绿色 Green | 59.7±10.4a | 28.88±1.24b |
黄色 Yellow | 30.9±5.6b | 16.52±0.86d |
白色 White | 47.4±8.8ab | 21.52±1.05c |
表1 不同颜色诱捕器对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果
Table 1 Effects of traps with different colors on T.absoluta
颜色 Colour | 诱蛾量 Moth trapping quantity(头) | 诱蛾量占比 Proportion of moth trapping quantity(%) |
---|---|---|
蓝色 Blue | 65.4±10.5a | 33.09±1.03a |
绿色 Green | 59.7±10.4a | 28.88±1.24b |
黄色 Yellow | 30.9±5.6b | 16.52±0.86d |
白色 White | 47.4±8.8ab | 21.52±1.05c |
图3 3种悬挂高度的诱蛾量占比 注:每种悬挂高度诱捕器日诱蛾量占比(平均值±标准误,n=4),诱捕器悬挂高度旁小写字母不同表示在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析),粉色线示诱蛾量占比理论值(33.3%)
Fig.3 Proportion of lured T.absoluta adults of sex pheromone traps placed in three different heights Note:Proportion of trapped adults per sex pheromone trap per day (mean±SE, n=5).Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among heights of sex pheromone trap placement at P<0.05 level (One-way ANOVA); Pink line indicates theoretical value (33.3%) of percent of trapped adults
图4 3种悬挂高度的日平均诱蛾量 注:每种悬挂高度诱捕器的日诱蛾量(平均值±标准误,n=4),诱捕器悬挂高度旁小写字母不同表示在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析)
Fig.4 Number of trapped T.absoluta adults of three different heights of sex pheromone traps Note:Number of trapped adults per sex pheromone trap per day (mean±SE, n=4);Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among heights of sex pheromone trap placement at P<0.05 level (One-way ANOVA)
高度 (m) | 诱蛾量 Moth trapping quantity(头) | 诱蛾量占比 Proportion of moth trapping quantity(%) |
---|---|---|
0.5 | 125.1±22.4a | 46.96±1.59a |
1.0 | 96.1±18.5ab | 31.11±1.09b |
1.5 | 65.1±12.7b | 22.24±1.35c |
表2 不同高度诱捕器对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果
Table 2 Effects of traps with different heights on T.absoluta
高度 (m) | 诱蛾量 Moth trapping quantity(头) | 诱蛾量占比 Proportion of moth trapping quantity(%) |
---|---|---|
0.5 | 125.1±22.4a | 46.96±1.59a |
1.0 | 96.1±18.5ab | 31.11±1.09b |
1.5 | 65.1±12.7b | 22.24±1.35c |
图5 3种悬挂位置的诱蛾量占比 注:每种悬挂位置诱捕器日诱蛾量占比(平均值±标准误,n=4),诱捕器悬挂位置旁小写字母不同表示在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析),粉色线示诱蛾量占比理论值(33.3%)
Fig.5 Proportion of lured T.absoluta adults of sex pheromone traps placed in three different position Note:Proportion of trapped adults per sex pheromone trap per day (mean±SE, n=5).Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among positions of sex pheromone trap placement at P<0.05 level (One-way ANOVA); Pink line indicates theoretical value (33.3%) of percent of trapped adults
图6 3种悬挂位置诱捕器下逐日诱蛾量变化 注:每种悬挂位置诱捕器的日诱蛾量(平均值±标准误,n=4),诱捕器悬挂位置旁小写字母不同表示在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析)
Fig.6 Number of trapped T.absoluta adults of three different positions of sex pheromone traps Note:Number of trapped adults per sex pheromone trap per day (mean±SE, n=4);Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among positions of sex pheromone trap placement at P<0.05 level (One-way ANOVA)
悬挂位置 Suspension | 诱蛾量 Moth trapping quantity(头) | 诱蛾量占比 Proportion of moth trapping quantity(%) |
---|---|---|
通风口 Vent | 103.0±15.8a | 41.90±1.01a |
出入口 Entrance and exit | 66.6±10.0b | 28.19±1.06b |
远离通风口 Farfrom vent | 71.4±10. | 29.91±1.09b |
表3 不同位置诱捕器下番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果
Table 3 Effects of traps with different positions on T.absoluta
悬挂位置 Suspension | 诱蛾量 Moth trapping quantity(头) | 诱蛾量占比 Proportion of moth trapping quantity(%) |
---|---|---|
通风口 Vent | 103.0±15.8a | 41.90±1.01a |
出入口 Entrance and exit | 66.6±10.0b | 28.19±1.06b |
远离通风口 Farfrom vent | 71.4±10. | 29.91±1.09b |
图7 3种位置受到番茄潜叶蛾的危害程度 注:每种位置调查两个对象:孔洞数量、幼虫数量(平均值±标准误,n=9),上方小写字母不同表示诱捕器悬挂高度间在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析)
Fig. 7 Three parts of the plant at the vent are endangered by the tomato leaf moth Note:Two objects were investigated for each position: the number of holes and the number of larvae (mean ± SE, n=9).The difference of upper lowercase letters indicated significant difference between the hanging height of the trap at P< 0.05 (One-way ANOVA)
悬挂位置 Suspension | 评价指标Eraluation index | 综合评价指标 Comprehensive evaluation index | |
---|---|---|---|
孔洞数量 Hole(个) | 幼虫数量 Larva(头) | ||
通风口 Vent | 11.51±1.19a | 2.86±0.40a | 32.92 |
出入口 Entrance and exit | 6.83±0.60b | 0.49±0.15b | 3.35 |
远离通风口 Farfrom vent | 11.90±8.96a | 1.19±0.29b | 14.16 |
表4 番茄潜叶蛾对不同位置番茄植株危害状况的评价
Table 4 Evaluation of damage status of tomato plants by T.absoluta at different locations
悬挂位置 Suspension | 评价指标Eraluation index | 综合评价指标 Comprehensive evaluation index | |
---|---|---|---|
孔洞数量 Hole(个) | 幼虫数量 Larva(头) | ||
通风口 Vent | 11.51±1.19a | 2.86±0.40a | 32.92 |
出入口 Entrance and exit | 6.83±0.60b | 0.49±0.15b | 3.35 |
远离通风口 Farfrom vent | 11.90±8.96a | 1.19±0.29b | 14.16 |
不同部位 Position | 评价对象Evaluation | 综合评价指标 Comprehensive evaluation index | |
---|---|---|---|
孔洞数量 Hole(个) | 幼虫数量 Larva(头) | ||
上部 Upper part | 4.05±0.63c | 0.62±0.30b | 2.51 |
中部 Central section | 10.19±1.63b | 0.81±0.3 | 8.25 |
下部 Lower part | 20.76±1.74a | 2.67±1.06a | 55.43 |
表5 番茄潜叶蛾对通风口处植株的不同位置危害状况的评价
Table 5 Evaluation of hazard status of tomato leaf moth at different positions at the vent site
不同部位 Position | 评价对象Evaluation | 综合评价指标 Comprehensive evaluation index | |
---|---|---|---|
孔洞数量 Hole(个) | 幼虫数量 Larva(头) | ||
上部 Upper part | 4.05±0.63c | 0.62±0.30b | 2.51 |
中部 Central section | 10.19±1.63b | 0.81±0.3 | 8.25 |
下部 Lower part | 20.76±1.74a | 2.67±1.06a | 55.43 |
图8 通风口处植株的3个部位受到番茄潜叶蛾的危害程度 注:通风口处选择3个植株,分别于上中下3个部位调查两个对象:孔洞数量、幼虫数量(平均值±标准误,n=3),上方小写字母不同表示诱捕器悬挂高度间在P<0.05 水平差异显著(单因素方差分析)
Note:Three plants were selected at the vent, and two objects were investigated at the upper, middle and lower parts respectively: the number of holes and larvae (mean ± SE, n=3).The difference of upper lowercase letters indicated significant difference between the hanging height of the trap at P< 0.05 (one-way ANOVA)
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