Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of different phosphorus application methods on the growth of drip irrigation wheat and the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer in order to provide reference for the efficient utilization of phosphorus fertilizer in drip irrigation wheat. 【Methods】 Under the condition of field drip irrigation, winter wheat Xindong 41 was used as the experimental material. Under the condition of equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, six phosphorus fertilizer application methods were set: F₀: no phosphorus application, F₁:100% basic application, F₂:75% basic application + 25% topdressing, F₃:50% basic application + 50% topdressing, F₄:25% basic application + 75% topdressing and F₅:100% topdressing to study the effects of different phosphorus application methods on dry matter, nutrient accumulation, yield and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate of wheat. 【Results】 Phosphorus application significantly increased the dry matter and nutrient accumulation of wheat and increased the yield. Phosphorus application treatment increased the number of ears, grains per ear and 1,000-grain weight. The number of ears, grains per ear and 1,000-grain weight of phosphorus application treatment increased by 5.93%-23.99%, 0.32%-8.76% and 1.78%-6.45% respectively compared with F₀ treatment. There were differences in wheat yield and components under different phosphorus application treatments. The number of panicles, grains per panicle and 1,000 grain weight of F₃ treatment were the best. The yield of F₃ treatment was 10.21% higher than that of F₅ treatment, and the difference was significant. The phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate, partial productivity and agronomic efficiency of F₃ treatment increased by 11.00%, 4.81 kg/kg and 4.80 kg/kg respectively compared with F₁ treatment. 【Conclusion】 F₃ treatment (50% basal application + 50% topdressing) has the best performance in population yield components and reaches high fertilizer utilization rate.