Occurrence of Ampelomyces -hyperparasites of Erysiphales infesting iandscapeplant and optimizing isolation method

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.022

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Occurrence of Ampelomyces -hyperparasites of Erysiphales infesting iandscapeplant and optimizing isolation method.【Methods】 In 2020, white powdery mildew parasite infesting 18 landscape plant species in Shihezi area were investigated, the isolation method of Ampelomyces quisqualis on the collected samples was optimized, and the medium suitable for isolating Ampelomyces was selected.【Results】 The presence of Ampelomyces was detected on 17.The higher number of the samples with mycoparasites was noted in the case of compositae (the incidence of parasitism by A.quisqualis was 40.92).The highest number of the samples with mycoparasites was noted in the case of Golovinomyces (43.59 of the samples).The isolation rate of the water agar filter pickingpycnidia (90%) method was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of direct pickingpycnidia with needle (30%) and reduced the contamination.The Ampelomyces were all able to grow on six medium, Czapek, PDA, PSA and their added malt extracts respectively, with isolation rates above 90.0%.But there were significant differences in the growth rate on different media.The growth rate of the colonies was significantly(P<0.05) enhanced due to the addition of malt extract, where the modified PSA and Czapek medium were more favorable for the isolation of Ampelomyces.【Conclusion】 The high participation of the Ampelomyces is noted in the powdery mildew of the study.The water agar filter pickingpycnidia +the modified PSA and Czapek medium adding malt extract is effective method to isolate Ampelomyces.

Key words: Ampelomyces quisqualis; powdery mildew; mycoparasites

摘要：

【目的】研究景观植物白粉病重寄生菌的调查及分离方法。【方法】2020年调查石河子地区18种景观植物白粉病重寄生菌,优化采集的样品上白粉寄生孢的分离方法,并筛选适合分离用的培养基。【结果】17种植物上有白粉寄生孢的寄生现象,其中菊科植物白粉病上最易被寄生,平均寄生指数为40.92;对高氏白粉菌属(Golovinomyces)的寄生程度较高,平均寄生指数为43.59。与直接挑取法(分离率30%)相比,采用水琼脂过滤的改良挑取法可以显著增加分离的成功率(分离率90%),且能有效减少杂菌的覆盖生长,降低分离污染率。白粉寄生孢在Czapek、PDA、PSA及其分别添加了麦芽提取物的6种培养基上均能生长,分离率在90.0%以上,但在不同培养基上的生长速度存在明显差异,添加麦芽提取物可显著提高菌落的生长速度,其中改良PSA和改良的Czapek培养基更利于白粉寄生孢的分离。【结论】白粉寄生孢在石河子地区景观植物白粉病上寄生较为普遍,菊科植物白粉病菌最易被白粉寄生孢寄生。采用水琼脂过滤改良方法挑取分生孢子器+添加麦芽提取物的PSA和Czapek培养基是分离白粉寄生孢菌的有效方法。

关键词: 白粉寄生孢, 白粉病, 重寄生

CLC Number:

S436.8

TANG Xiaoxue, SUN Lin, Hazila Saiyilihan, LI Wenli, DONG Peizhu, REN Yuzhong, LI Guoying. Occurrence of Ampelomyces -hyperparasites of Erysiphales infesting iandscapeplant and optimizing isolation method[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(7): 1748-1755.

唐晓雪, 孙璘, 哈孜拉·赛依里罕, 李文丽, 董沛竺, 任毓忠, 李国英. 景观植物白粉病重寄生菌的调查及分离方法[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1748-1755.

Figures/Tables 4

References 23

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序号 Number	植物 Host plant species	真菌宿主 Erysiphales species	寄生率 Infection frequency(%)	寄生指数 Infestation indices(R)
1	大花金鸡菊 Coreopsis grandiflora	棕丝单囊壳 Podosphaera fusca	68.43	30.26
2	黑心金光菊 Rudbeckia hirta	菊苣高氏白粉菌 Golovinomyces cichoracearum	66.67	45.71
3	荷兰菊 Aster novibelgii	菊苣高氏白粉菌 G.cichoracearum	92.86	49.58
4	蛇鞭菊 Liatris spicata	菊苣高氏白粉菌 G.cichoracearum	92.86	41.43
5	百日菊 Zinnia elegans	菊苣高氏白粉菌 G.cichoracearum	85.71	37.62
6	月季 Rosa chinensis	毡毛单囊壳 Podosphaera pannosa	70.00	25.00
7	黄刺玫 Rosa xanthina	毡毛单囊壳 Podosphaera pannosa	51.54	39.62
8	长药八宝 Hylotelephium spectabile	景天白粉菌 Erysiphe sedi	51.11	30.56
9	石竹 Dianthus chinensis	剪秋罗白粉菌 E.buhrii	53.85	26.15
10	金银花 Lonicera japonica	忍冬白粉菌 E.lonicerae	57.14	29.29
11	穗花婆婆纳 Veronica spicata	单囊壳白粉菌 Podosphaera fuligine	73.33	36.67
12	丁香 Syzygium aromaticum	丁香叉丝壳菌 E syringae-japonicae	50.00	26.79
13	薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx	小二孢白粉菌 E. biocellata	0.00	0.00
14	车前草 Plantago depressa	污色白粉菌 E.sordida	71.43	30.71
15	苜蓿 Medicago sativa	豆科内丝白粉菌 Leveillula leguminosarum	63.64	29.09
16	白榆 Ulmus pumila	白榆钩丝壳 Uncinula clandestina	17.65	13.82
17	夏橡 Quercus robur	粉状叉丝壳 Microsphaera alphitoides	7.14	5.21
18	刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia	帕氏白粉菌 E.palczewskii	47.06	15.88
	平均 Average	-	56.69	28.52

序号 Number	植物 Host plant species	真菌宿主 Erysiphales species	寄生率 Infection frequency(%)	寄生指数 Infestation indices(R)
1	大花金鸡菊 Coreopsis grandiflora	棕丝单囊壳 Podosphaera fusca	68.43	30.26
2	黑心金光菊 Rudbeckia hirta	菊苣高氏白粉菌 Golovinomyces cichoracearum	66.67	45.71
3	荷兰菊 Aster novibelgii	菊苣高氏白粉菌 G.cichoracearum	92.86	49.58
4	蛇鞭菊 Liatris spicata	菊苣高氏白粉菌 G.cichoracearum	92.86	41.43
5	百日菊 Zinnia elegans	菊苣高氏白粉菌 G.cichoracearum	85.71	37.62
6	月季 Rosa chinensis	毡毛单囊壳 Podosphaera pannosa	70.00	25.00
7	黄刺玫 Rosa xanthina	毡毛单囊壳 Podosphaera pannosa	51.54	39.62
8	长药八宝 Hylotelephium spectabile	景天白粉菌 Erysiphe sedi	51.11	30.56
9	石竹 Dianthus chinensis	剪秋罗白粉菌 E.buhrii	53.85	26.15
10	金银花 Lonicera japonica	忍冬白粉菌 E.lonicerae	57.14	29.29
11	穗花婆婆纳 Veronica spicata	单囊壳白粉菌 Podosphaera fuligine	73.33	36.67
12	丁香 Syzygium aromaticum	丁香叉丝壳菌 E syringae-japonicae	50.00	26.79
13	薄荷 Mentha haplocalyx	小二孢白粉菌 E. biocellata	0.00	0.00
14	车前草 Plantago depressa	污色白粉菌 E.sordida	71.43	30.71
15	苜蓿 Medicago sativa	豆科内丝白粉菌 Leveillula leguminosarum	63.64	29.09
16	白榆 Ulmus pumila	白榆钩丝壳 Uncinula clandestina	17.65	13.82
17	夏橡 Quercus robur	粉状叉丝壳 Microsphaera alphitoides	7.14	5.21
18	刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia	帕氏白粉菌 E.palczewskii	47.06	15.88
	平均 Average	-	56.69	28.52

方法 Isolation method	分生孢子器数量 Number of conidia	白粉寄生孢菌落数 Number of Ampelomyces colony	杂菌数 Number of mixed bacterium	分离率 Isolation rate (%)	污染率 Contamination rate(%)
水琼脂过滤改良挑取法 Water agar filter picking pycnidia	40	36	0	90^A	0^A
直接挑取分离法 Direct picking pycnidia with needle	40	12	21	30^B	52.5^B

方法 Isolation method	分生孢子器数量 Number of conidia	白粉寄生孢菌落数 Number of Ampelomyces colony	杂菌数 Number of mixed bacterium	分离率 Isolation rate (%)	污染率 Contamination rate(%)
水琼脂过滤改良挑取法 Water agar filter picking pycnidia	40	36	0	90^A	0^A
直接挑取分离法 Direct picking pycnidia with needle	40	12	21	30^B	52.5^B

培养基 Medium	分生孢子器数 Number of conidia	7 d菌落数 Number of colony growth on day 7th	7 d分离率 Isolation rate at day 7th (%)	14 d菌落数 Number of colony growth on day 14th	14 d分离率 Isolation rate at day 14 th (%)	14 d菌落直径 Colony diameter at day 14th (mm)
Czapek	40	0	0 b	36	90.0^a	1.27±0.06^d
PDA	40	38	95.0^a	38	95.0^a	2.81±0.15^c
PSA	50	0	0^b	47	94.0^a	1.36±0.02^d
Czapek+M	0	37	92.5^a	38	95.0^a	7.77±0.15^a
PDA+M	40	37	92.5^a	37	92.5^a	6.58±0.42^b
PSA+M	40	37	92.5^a	37	92.5^a	7.83±0.23^a