Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to provide evidence for development and utilization of Phleum pretense in Xinjiang. The geographical distribution, the community characteristics, the development and utilization of Phleum pratense were analyzed in this paper. The systematic research work conducted can provide basic materials and scientific basis for new breed selection, germplasm innovation, and germplasm protection. 【Result】 (1) Wild Phleum pretense was important found in Xinjiang, China, and it was concentrated in the meadow vegetation from 1,900 to 2,200 m above sea level in the middle and west sections of the Tianshan Mountains;(2) Phleum pretense was very few in natural grasslands and often found in communities. Populations that appeared as companion and rare species, and few dominant species; (3) In natural grasslands, the individual spatial distribution of Phleum pretense populations was mostly clustered, with less random distribution.【Conclusion】 Xinjiang wild Phleum pretense had excellent characteristics of germplasm resources with important development and utilization value.

Key words: Phleum pretense; geographical distribution; community characteristics; development and utilization

摘要： 【目的】 研究野生梯牧草在新疆的地理分布与种的分布区形成和结构、群落特征以及开发利用与保护,为新品种选育、种质创新、种质保护提供基础材料和科学依据。【方法】 以新疆野生梯牧草(Phleum. pratense L.)为研究对象,调查种质资源的分布、群落学特征。【结果】 (1)新疆是我国野生梯牧草分布的重要区域,集中分布于天山山地的中段和西段海拔1 900～2 200 m山地草甸植被中;(2)梯牧草在天然草地中数量极少,在群落中常以伴生种和偶见种出现,少有以优势种出现的种群分布;(3)在天然草地中,梯牧草种群个体空间分布多数地段呈聚集分布,随机分布形式较少。【结论】 新疆野生梯牧草具优异的种质资源特性,有重要的开发利用价值。

关键词: 梯牧草, 地理分布, 群落特征, 开发利用