盐碱胁迫下扁吻鱼幼鱼耐受性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.06.029

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (6): 1540-1547.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.06.029

• 植物保护·林业·畜牧兽医 • 上一篇下一篇

盐碱胁迫下扁吻鱼幼鱼耐受性分析

王新月¹(), 訾方泽¹, 葛建民¹, 陈生熬¹^,²(), 姚娜¹, 肖青¹, 艾尼瓦尔·依布拉音³

1.塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院/塔里木珍稀鱼类研究中心,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.华中农业大学水产学院,武汉 430070
3.新疆阿克苏地区农业农村局,新疆阿克苏 843300

收稿日期:2022-10-12 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-06-20
通信作者: 陈生熬(1980-),男,青海人,教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为渔业资源与环境,(E-mail) chenshengao@163.com
作者简介:王新月(1997-),女,山东人,硕士研究生,研究方向为鱼类生物学,(E-mail)1072247070@qq.com
基金资助:
农业农村部财政专项（西北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查）;塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202009)

Analysis on the tolerance of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day) under salinity and alkalinity stresses

WANG Xinyue¹(), ZI Fangze¹, GE Jianmin¹, CHEN Shengao¹^,²(), YAO Na¹, XIAO Qing¹, Ainiwaer Yibulayin³

1. Tarim University/Tarim Research Center for Rare Fishes/ College of Life Sciences, Aral Xinjiang 843300, China
2. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
3. Aksu District Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Aksu Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2022-10-12 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-06-20
Correspondence author: CHEN Shengao (1980-), male, native place: Qinghai, professor, Doctor, Research area: Fishery resources and Environment,(E-mail) chenshengao@163.com
Supported by:
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Financial Special Project(Survey on Fishery Resources and Environment in Key Waters of Northwest China);Tarim University Graduate Student Research Innovation Project(TDGRI202009)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究塔里木河水系特有鱼类适应生物学,评估扁吻鱼幼鱼机体抗逆性能,分析其濒危机制,为扁吻鱼的苗种培育和驯化养殖提供参考。【方法】基于实验室生态学方法,测定扁吻鱼幼鱼盐碱耐受性及进行行为学分析。【结果】在pH值(7.78±0.09)、温度(21±1)℃条件下,扁吻鱼对照组幼鱼无明显应激反应,活动平缓,呼吸正常,对外界刺激(光、声音等)有正常反应,未出现死亡个体。实验组幼鱼初始接触实验水体应激过强,随盐碱浓度梯度升高,游动急躁,挣扎撺动,继而死亡,碱度浓度梯度下的行为特征与盐度实验类似。扁吻鱼幼鱼24、48、72、96 h的氯化钠(NaCl)盐度半致死浓度(LC₅₀)分别为14.302 1、13.721 4、13.614 4、13.533 2 g/L,安全浓度(SC)为3.789 1 g/L;碳酸氢钠(NaHCO₃)碱度半致死浓度(LC₅₀)分别为51.856 1、39.502 5、32.951 5、31.777 9 mmol/L,安全浓度(SC)为11.850 8 mmol/L。【结论】盐碱胁迫下扁吻鱼幼鱼的安全浓度(SC)分别为3.789 1 g/L、11.850 8 mmol/L,与曾栖息水体环境理化指标相比,扁吻鱼受碱度较大胁迫,栖息水体盐碱的持续升高极大影响其生态位和栖息生境的选择致其濒危。

关键词: 扁吻鱼幼鱼; 盐碱胁迫; 耐受性; 行为学

Abstract:

【Objective】 To investigate the adaptive biology of endemic fishes in the Tarim River system, to assess the organismal resilience of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day), and to investigate their mechanisms of endangerment.【Methods】 Based on the laboratory ecological methods, we carried out the analysis of salinity tolerance and behavioral observation of juvenile fish. 【Results】 Under the conditions of pH (7.78±0.09) and temperature (21±1)℃, the juvenile fish in the control group had no obvious stress reaction, showing calm activity, normal respiration, normal response to external stimuli (light, sound, etc.), and no dead individuals were found. The juvenile fish in the experimental group were overstressed by the initial contact with the experimental water, and swam impatiently, struggled and flung, and then died as the salinity concentration gradient increased, and the behavioral characteristics under the alkalinity concentration gradient were similar to those of the salinity experiment. The salinity half-lethal concentrations (LC₅₀) of sodium chloride (NaCl) were 14.302,1, 13.721,4, 13.614,4, 13.533,2 g/L and the safe concentration (SC) was 3.789,1 g/L for juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day) at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively; the alkalinity half-lethal concentrations (LC₅₀) of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) were 51.856,1, 39.502,5, 32.951,5, 31.777,9 mmol/L, and the safe concentration (SC) was 11.850,8 mmol/L, respectively.【Conclusion】 The safe concentrations (SC) of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day) under saline stress are 3.789,1 g/L, 11.850,8 mmol/L, compared with the environmental physicochemical indicators of the former habitat water, the salinity of the fish is more stressful, and the continuous increase of salinity in the habitat water greatly affect its ecological position and habitat selection or even cause it to be endangered. This study provides a reference for the fry breeding and domestication of Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day), and lays a basis for further development and conservation of germplasm resources development and utilization and consolidates the endemic aquatic species industry in Xinjiang.

Key words: juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps(Day); salinity and alkalinity stresses; tolerance; behavior

中图分类号:

S914

王新月, 訾方泽, 葛建民, 陈生熬, 姚娜, 肖青, 艾尼瓦尔·依布拉音. 盐碱胁迫下扁吻鱼幼鱼耐受性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(6): 1540-1547.

WANG Xinyue, ZI Fangze, GE Jianmin, CHEN Shengao, YAO Na, XIAO Qing, Ainiwaer Yibulayin. Analysis on the tolerance of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day) under salinity and alkalinity stresses[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(6): 1540-1547.

图/表 6

参考文献 35

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浓度 Concentration (g/L)	死亡率 Mortality(%)
浓度 Concentration (g/L)	12 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0(CK)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
12.5	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
13.0	0.00	0.00	12.50	12.50	12.50
13.5	0.00	0.00	37.50	50.00	62.50
14.0	0.00	25.00	50.00	50.00	62.50
14.5	0.00	62.50	100.00	100.00	100.00

浓度 Concentration (g/L)	死亡率 Mortality(%)
浓度 Concentration (g/L)	12 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0(CK)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
12.5	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
13.0	0.00	0.00	12.50	12.50	12.50
13.5	0.00	0.00	37.50	50.00	62.50
14.0	0.00	25.00	50.00	50.00	62.50
14.5	0.00	62.50	100.00	100.00	100.00

时间 Time(h)	回归方程 Regression equation	相关系数 Relative oefficient	半致死浓度 LC₅₀(g/L)	95%置信区间 Confidence interval	安全浓度 SC(g/L)
24	Y=30.00X-387.50	0.750 0	14.302 1	14.067 3~14.540 9	3.789 1
48	Y=23.75X-31.25	0.930 4	13.721 4	13.454 0~13.994 3
72	Y=47.50X-598.75	0.920 9	13.614 4	13.345 7~13.888 6
96	Y=25.00X-27.50	0.934 6	13.533 2	13.273 0~13.798 4

时间 Time(h)	回归方程 Regression equation	相关系数 Relative oefficient	半致死浓度 LC₅₀(g/L)	95%置信区间 Confidence interval	安全浓度 SC(g/L)
24	Y=30.00X-387.50	0.750 0	14.302 1	14.067 3~14.540 9	3.789 1
48	Y=23.75X-31.25	0.930 4	13.721 4	13.454 0~13.994 3
72	Y=47.50X-598.75	0.920 9	13.614 4	13.345 7~13.888 6
96	Y=25.00X-27.50	0.934 6	13.533 2	13.273 0~13.798 4

浓度 Concentration (mmol/L)	死亡率 Mortality(%)
浓度 Concentration (mmol/L)	12 h	24 h	48 h	72 h	96 h
0(CK)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
26.19	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	12.50
32.14	0.00	0.00	0.00	62.50	62.50
38.10	0.00	0.00	25.00	75.00	87.50
44.05	0.00	0.00	87.50	100.00	100.00
50.00	0.00	25.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

盐碱胁迫下扁吻鱼幼鱼耐受性分析

Analysis on the tolerance of juvenile Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day) under salinity and alkalinity stresses

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Metrics

时间 Time(h)	回归方程 Regression equation	相关系数 Relative oefficient	半致死浓度 LC₅₀(mmol/L)	95%置信区间 Confidence interval	安全浓度 SC(mmol/L)
24	Y=0.839 8X-26.992	0.499 8	51.856 1	49.647 8~54.162 7	11.850 8
48	Y=4.829 5X-141.480	0.893 6	39.502 5	37.393 8~41.725 4
72	Y=3.989 6X-84.489	0.835 7	32.951 5	30.867 4~35.180 3
96	Y=3.569 8X-63.495	0.830 5	31.777 9	29.696 1~34.001 7

种类 Species	分类 Classify	规格 Size	盐度(Salinity) LC₅₀(g/L)			碱度(Alkalinity)LC₅₀(mmol/L)			来源 Source
种类 Species	分类 Classify	规格 Size	24 h	96 h	SC	24 h	96 h	SC	来源 Source
扁吻鱼幼鱼 Aspiorhynchus laticeps (Day)	鲤形目、鲤科、扁吻鱼属	(1.01±0.52)g (39.97±7.43)mm	14.302 1	13.533 2	3.789 1	51.856 1	31.777 9	11.850 8	研究
欧鲇幼鱼 Silurusglaris Linnaeus	鲇形目、鲇科、鲇属	(2.24±0.12)- (2.72±0.11)cm	9.795 0	3.911 5	1.518 1	47.704	4.284	4.084	魏玉众等^[5]
卡拉白鱼仔鱼 Chalcalburnus chalcoides aralensis	鲤形目、鲤科、卡拉白属		11.32	-	3.96	54.3	-	1.34	姜秋俚等^[23]
银鲫幼鱼 Carassius auratus gibelio	鲤形目、鲤科、鲫属	(3.56±0.28)cm	11.53	8.58	2.82	98.74	64.19	15.456 0	郑伟刚等^[24]
叶尔羌高原鳅仔鱼 Triplophysa yarkandensis	鲤形目、鳅科、高原鳅属		7.733 4	4.390 8	1.589 3	46.659 5	12.239 3	6.85	姚娜等^[25]
淡水白鲳幼鱼 C brachypomum Cuvier	鲈形目、白鲳科、白鲳属	(2.9±0.5)cm	12	10.4	-	83.25	45.7	-	章征忠^[26]
鲢鱼幼鱼 H molitrix	鲤形目、鲤科、鲢属	(5.4-8.2)cm	11.2	8.2	-	51.4	15.7	-	章征忠^[27]
光唇裂腹鱼幼鱼 Schizothorax lissolabiatus	鲤形目、鲤科、裂腹鱼属	(4±1.5)cm	10.7	8.9	2.385	-	-	-	金方彭等^[28]
澎泽鲫幼鱼 C auratus var pengze	鲤形目、鲤科、鲫属	(3.26-3.68)cm	9.996	6.676	1.464	71.71	59.87	19.883 3	郑伟刚等^[29]
昆明裂腹鱼幼鱼 Schizothorax grahami	鲤形目、鲤科、裂腹鱼属	16.70 cm	15.239 9	11.818 7	2.716 9	-	-	-	胡思玉等^[30]
尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼 Oreochromis niloticus	鲈形目、慈鲷科、罗非鱼属	(0.6-0.7)g	23.078	21.809	6.520 0	113.583 3	101.357 1	29.684 5	吴俊伟等^[31]
后背鲈鲤幼鱼 Percocypris pingi retrodorslis	鲤形目、鲤科、鲈鲤属	(8±3)cm	9.25	8.82	2.557	-	-	-	金方彭等^[32]
塔里木裂腹鱼幼鱼 Schizothorax biddulphi	鲤形目、鲤科、裂腹鱼属	(47.26±0.89) mm (1.25±0.31) g	4.01	2.92	0.89	97.14	74.52	20.75	赵年桦等^[33]

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