不同盐碱胁迫对土壤细菌群落结构的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.06.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 研究盐碱胁迫对土壤细菌群落多样性及群落组成的影响。【方法】试验设置(NaCl、Na₂SO₄和Na₂CO₃+NaHCO₃)三种盐碱胁迫类型和盐(碱)度。【结果】不同盐碱胁迫对土壤细菌群落α-多样性Shannon和Simpson指数影响不大,Na₂SO₄和Na₂CO₃+NaHCO₃胁迫土壤Chao1和Ace丰富度指数显著降低。NaCl轻度盐化土壤细菌群落β-多样性与对照无明显差异,其它盐碱胁迫土壤细菌群落结构变化显著。各处理土壤细菌优势门类均为变形菌门、芽单胞菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和拟杆菌门。盐碱胁迫土壤细菌的拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门增加;而放线菌门、硝化螺旋菌门减少。NaCl胁迫土壤绿弯菌门、厚壁菌门相对丰度增加,Na₂SO₄胁迫土壤芽单胞菌门、热微菌门增加,Na₂CO₃+NaHCO₃碱胁迫土壤酸杆菌门、疣微菌门增加。【结论】土壤细菌群落通过调节物种组成来适应盐碱胁迫,不同盐碱类型和盐碱度胁迫下,土壤细菌群落会形成显著差异的物种。

关键词: 盐碱胁迫; 细菌群落结构; α-多样性; β-多样性

Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to understand the effects of different saline-alkali types on soil bacterial community.【Method】The experiment set 3 types of saline-alkali (NaCl, Na₂SO₄ and Na₂CO₃+NaHCO₃) conditions, each salt and alkali type had three salt (alkali) degrees.【Result】The results showed that different salt and alkali stress had little effect on the α-diversity (Shannon and Simpson index) of soil bacterial community, while the Chao1 and Ace richness index in soil under Na₂SO₄ and Na₂CO₃ + NaHCO₃ stress decreased significantly. The β-diversity of soil bacterial community in NaCl mild salinity treatment was not significantly compared with the control, but the bacterial community structure of other salinity-alkali soil changed significantly. The dominant phylum of soil bacteria were Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The phylum of Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes of bacteria increased, and Actinobacteria, Nitrospirae decreased under saline-alkali stress soil. Under NaCl stress, the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Firmicutes were increased, while the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and Thermomicrobia increased under Na₂SO₄ stress, and Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia was increased under Na₂CO₃ + NaHCO₃ alkali stress. 【Conclusion】Therefore, the soil bacterial community can adapt to saline-alkali stress by adjusting the species composition, and different types of salinity and salinity stress result in significant differences in soil bacterial communities.

Key words: saline-alkali stress; bacterial community structure; α-diversity; β-diversity

中图分类号:

S154.36

张慧敏, 郭慧娟, 侯振安. 不同盐碱胁迫对土壤细菌群落结构的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(6): 1074-1084.

ZHANG Hui-min, GUO Hui-juan, HOU Zhen-an. Effects of Saline and Alkaline Stress on Soil Bacterial Community Structure[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(6): 1074-1084.

参考文献

[1] Silva, C. M. M. D. S., & Fay, E. F. (2012). Effect of Salinity on Soil Microorganisms. Soil Health and Land Use Management. InTech: 177-198.
[2] Yang, J. Y., Zheng, W., Tian, Y., Wu, Y., & Zhou, D. W. (2011). Effects of various mixed salt-alkaline stresses on growth, photosynthesis, and photosynthetic pigment concentrations of medicago ruthenica, seedlings. Photosynthetica, 49(2): 275-284.
[3] Sall, S. N., Ndour, N. Y., Diédhiou-Sall, S., Dick, R., & Chotte, J. L. (2015). Microbial response to salinity stress in a tropical sandy soil amended with native shrub residues or inorganic fertilizer. Journal of Environmental Management, (161): 30-37.
[4] Wang, X., Jiang, P., Ma, Y., Geng, S., Wang, S., & Shi, D. (2015). Physiological strategies of sunflower exposed to salt or alkali stresses: restriction of ion transport in the cotyledon node zone and solute accumulation. Agronomy Journal, 107(6): 2,181-2,192.
[5] Gong, B., Wang, X., Wei, M., Yang, F., Li, Y., & Shi, Q. (2016). Overexpression of s - adenosylmethionine synthetase 1, enhances tomato callus tolerance to alkali stress through polyamine and hydrogen peroxide cross-linked networks. Plant Cell Tissue & Organ Culture,124(2): 377-391.
[6] 孙冰洁, 张晓平, 贾淑霞. 农田土壤理化性质对土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 土壤与作物, 2013, 2(3):138-144.
   SUN Bin-jie, ZHANG Xiao-ping, JIA Shu-xia. (2013). The Effect of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties on Soil Microbial Community in Agro-ecosystem [J]. Soil and Crop,2(3):138-144. (in Chinese)
[7] 谭红妍, 陈宝瑞, 闫瑞瑞,等. 草地土壤微生物特性及其对人为干扰响应的研究进展[J]. 草地学报, 2014, 22(6):1 163-1 170.
   TAN Hong-yan, CHEN Bao-rui, YAN Rui-rui, et al. (2014). Advances on Soil Microbiological Characteristics of Grassland Ecosystems and Its Response to Human Disturbances [J]. Acta Agrectir Sinica, 22(6):1,163-1,170. (in Chinese)
[8] 操庆, 曹海生, 魏晓兰,等. 盐胁迫对设施土壤微生物量碳氮和酶活性的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2015, 29(4):300-304.
   CAO Qing, CAO Hai-sheng, WEI Xiao-lan. (2015). Effect of Salt Stress on Carbon and Nitrogen of Microbial Biomass and Activity of Enzyme in Greenhouse Soil [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 29(4):300-304. (in Chinese)
[9] Setia, R., Marschner, P., Baldock, J., Chittleborough, D., & Verma, V. (2011). Relationships between carbon dioxide emission and soil properties in salt-affected landscapes. Soil Biology & Biochemistry,43(3): 667-674.
[10] Rousk, J., Elyaagubi, F. K., Jones, D. L., & Godbold, D. L. (2011). Bacterial salt tolerance is unrelated to soil salinity across an arid agroecosystem salinity gradient. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 43(9):1,881-1,887.
[11] Marschner, Petra, & Elmajdoub. (2013). Salinity reduces the ability of soil microbes to utilise cellulose. Biology & Fertility of Soils, 49(4): 379-386.
[12] Wong VanessaNL, Dalal RamC, & Greene RichardSB. (2008). Salinity and sodicity effects on respiration and microbial biomass of soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 44(7): 943-953.
[13] 朱泓, 王小敏, 黄涛,等. NaCl胁迫对滨梅根际细菌群落多样性及优势菌群的影响[J]. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 41(4):49-54.
   ZHU Hong, WANG Xiao-ming, HUANG Tao, et al. (2017). Effect of NaCl stress on bacterial community diversity and core microbiome in rhizosphere and bulk soil of beach plum (Prunus maritima Marshall) [J]. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition) , 41(4):49-54. (in Chinese)
[14] Rath, K. M., & Rousk, J. (2015). Salt effects on the soil microbial decomposer community and their role in organic carbon cycling: a review. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, (81): 108-123.
[15] 全国土壤普查办公室. 中国土壤普查技术[M]. 农业出版社, 1992.
   National soil Survey Office (1992). Soil survey technique in China [M] Beijing: China Agriculture Press. (in Chinese)
[16] Brian J. Haas, Dirk Gevers, Ashlee M. Earl, Mike Feldgarden, Doyle V. Ward, & Georgia Giannoukos, et al. (2011). Chimeric 16s rrna sequence formation and detection in sanger and 454-pyrosequenced pcr amplicons. Genome Research, 21(3):494-504.
[17] Edgar, R. C. (2013). Uparse: highly accurate otu sequences from microbial amplicon reads. Nature Methods, 10(10): 996.
[18] Altschul S. F, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, & Lipman DJ. (1990). Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology, 215(3): 403-410.
[19] Kljalg, U., Nilsson, R. H., Abarenkov, K., Tedersoo, L., Taylor, A. F., & Bahram, M., et al. (2013). Towards a unified paradigm for sequence-based identification of fungi. Molecular Ecology, 22(21): 5,271-5,277.
[20] Edgar, R. C. (2004). Muscle: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research, 32(5): 1,792-1,797.
[21] 王卓然. 黄河三角洲典型地区土壤水盐动态规律、影响因素与预测模型[D]. 泰安:山东农业大学博士学位论文,2017.
   WANG Zhuo-ran. (2017). Dynamic laws of soil Water and Salt in typical areas of Yellow River Delta, influencing factors and Prediction Model [D]. PhD Dissertation. Shangdon Agricultural University, Tai'an. (in Chinese)
[22] 丁建丽,姚远,王飞. 干旱区土壤盐渍化特征空间建模. 生态学报,2014,34( 16) :4 620-4 631.
   DING Jian-li, YAO Yuan, WANG Fei. (2014). Detecting soil salinization in arid regions using spectral feature space derived from remote sensing data [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica Science, 34(16):4,620-4,631. (in Chinese)
[23] 国春菲. 土壤盐分和pH对滨海盐土土壤微生物多样性的影响[D]. 杭州:浙江农林大学硕士论文, 2013.
   GUO Chun-fei. (2013). Effects of soil salinity and pH on microbial Diversity in Coastal Saline soil [D]. Master Dissertation. University of Chinese Academy of Scinces, Hanzhou. (in Chinese)
[24] Abed, R. M., Kohls, K., & De, B. D. (2010). Effect of salinity changes on the bacterial diversity, photosynthesis and oxygen consumption of cyanobacterial mats from an intertidal flat of the arabian gulf. Environmental Microbiology, 9(6): 1,384-1,392.
[25] Andronov, E. E., Petrova, S. N., Pinaev, A. G., Pershina, E. V., Rakhimgalieva, S. Z., & Akhmedenov, K. M., et al. (2012). Analysis of the structure of microbial community in soils with different degrees of salinization using t-rflp and real-time pcr techniques. Eurasian Soil Science, 45(2): 147-156.
[26] Staff, P. O. (2014). Correction: salinity and bacterial diversity: to what extent does the concentration of salt affect the bacterial community in a saline soil. Plos One, 9(9):e114658.
[27] Zheng, W., Xue, D., Li, X., Deng, Y., Rui, J., & Feng, K., et al. (2017). The responses and adaptations of microbial communities to salinity in farmland soils: a molecular ecological network analysis. Applied Soil Ecology, (120): 239-246.
[28] Herlemann DP, Labrenz M, Jürgens K, Bertilsson S, Waniek JJ, & Andersson AF. (2011). Transitions in bacterial communities along the 2000 km salinity gradient of the baltic sea. Isme Journal, 5(10):1,571-1,579.
[29] Wang, J., Yang, D., Zhang, Y., Shen, J., Van, d. G. C., & Hahn, M. W., et al. (2011). Do patterns of bacterial diversity along salinity gradients differ from those observed for macroorganisms. Plos One, 6(11): e27597.
[30] 李海林. 山东滨海两种大型植物(大叶藻与芦苇)内生菌的多样性研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学硕士学位论文, 2016.
   LI Hai-ling. (2015). Study on the diversity of endophytes of two species of Macrophytes (macrophytes and Phragmites australis) in Shandong coastal area [D]. Master Dissertation. University of Chinese Academy of Scinces, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[31] 张玥, 金建玲, 王晓凤,等. 黄河三角洲盐生植被演替与土壤细菌群落结构的关系[J]. 土壤通报, 2015, 46(6):1 435-1 440.
   ZHANG Yue, JIN Jian-ling, WANG Xiao-feng, et al. (2015). Relationship between the Halophyte Vegetation Succession and Soil Bacterial Community Structure in the Yellow River Delta [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 46(6):1,435-1,440. (in Chinese)
[32] Campbell, B. J., & Kirchman, D. L. (2013). Bacterial diversity, community structure and potential growth rates along an estuarine salinity gradient. Isme Journal, 7(1): 210-220.
[33] Jitendra Keshri, Kalpana Mody, & Bhavanath Jha. (2013). Bacterial community structure in a semi-arid haloalkaline soil using culture independent method. Geomicrobiology Journal, 30(6): 517-529.
[34] Yang, H., Hu, J., Long, X., Liu, Z., & Rengel, Z. (2016). Salinity altered root distribution and increased diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of jerusalem artichoke. Sci Rep, (6): 20687.
[35] Zhang, H., Sekiguchi, Y., Hanada, S., Hugenholtz, P., Kim, H., & Kamagata, Y., et al. (2003). Gemmatimonas aurantiaca gen. nov. sp. nov. a gram-negative, aerobic, polyphosphate-accumulating micro-organism, the first cultured representative of the new bacterial phylum gemmatimonadetes phyl. nov. International Journal of Systematic & Evolutionary Microbiology, 53(Pt 4): 1,155-1,163.
[36] Samaei, M., Mortazavi, S. B., Bakhshi, B., & Jafari, A. J. (2013). Isolation, genetic identification, and degradation characteristics of n-hexadecane degrading bacteria from tropical areas in Iran. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 22(4):1,304-1,312.