克拉玛依果树腐烂病病原菌鉴定及其拮抗菌的筛选

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.02.013

新疆农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 304-311.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2018.02.013

克拉玛依果树腐烂病病原菌鉴定及其拮抗菌的筛选

牛春林¹,叶晓芸¹,艾尼¹,王振华¹,热依汗¹,姜国勇¹,高雁²,宋素琴²,楚敏²

1.新疆石油管理局造林减排作业区,新疆克拉玛依 834000;
2.新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2017-11-27 出版日期:2018-02-20 发布日期:2018-06-30
通信作者: 楚敏(1977-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为微生物学和分子生物学,(E-mail)chuliu2002@163.com
作者简介:牛春林(1979-),女,新疆克拉玛依人,林业工程师,研究方向为园林育种,(E-mail)273344218@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆科技援疆项目“新疆苹果树腐烂病生物和化学协同防控技术研究与示范”(201491150);新疆维吾尔自治区高层次人才引进项目;克拉玛依市“碳汇林基地生态果园无害化技术集成与示范”项目

Identification of Pathogenic Fungi of Fruit Trees Canker in Karamay and Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria

NIU Chun-lin¹, YE Xiao-yun¹, Aini¹, WANG Zhen-hua¹, RE Ei-han¹, JIANG Guo-yong¹, GAO Yan², SONG Su-qin², CHU Min²

1.Afforestation and Emission Reduction Operation Area of Petroleum Administration, Karamay Xinjiang 834000, China;
2. Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2017-11-27 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-06-30
Correspondence author: CHU Min (1977-), female, native place:Urumqi,Xinjiang,associate researcher, Master,research field:molecular biology and microbiology,(E-mail) chuliu2002@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】提高克拉玛依果树腐烂病生物防治的效率，为相关果树高效生物防治提供科学依据和物质基础。【方法】从克拉玛依林杨的苹果树和李子树腐烂病发病植株及周边采集病灶和土壤样品，分析病原菌及其拮抗菌的筛选及微生物分子鉴定及拮抗效果。【结果】苹果树和李子树腐烂病病原菌均黑腐皮壳菌属（Valsa），其中李子树病原菌涉及该属的两个种：Valsa mali 和Valsa leucostoma ，而苹果树病原菌仅为Valsa mali。同时获得各类真菌拮抗菌15株，涉及4个属9个种，筛选到具有高效拮抗细菌2株，其最大抑菌圈菌落比分别达到2-11和2-79。【结论】菌株芽孢杆菌B4和B6对果树腐烂病具有较好的抑菌效果，研究报道了李子树腐烂病病原菌，为相关果树的高效生物防治提供了科学依据和物质基础。

关键词: 果树腐烂病; 苹果树; 李子树; 病原菌; 拮抗菌

Abstract: 【Objective】 To improve the biological control efficiency of fruit tree canker in Karamay.【Method】The diseased and soil samples were collected from the infected plants of apple tree and plum tree rot disease of Populus Karamayi. The pathogenic bacteria and their antagonistic bacteria were screened. Additionally, the molecular identification of microorganism and the analysis of antagonistic effect were carried out.【Result】The research showed that the pathogen of apple tree and plum tree rot was both of the genus Valsaa, in which the pathogen of plum tree is related to two species of this genus: Valsa mali and Valsa leucostoma; Valsa mali and Valsa leucostoma led to the plum tree canker, Valsa mali led to the apple tree canker, respectively. 15 antagonistic isolates against the fungi were screened and classified in 9 species of 4 genera. Particularly, 2 strains displayed high antagonistic activity. The maximum colony inhibition ratio was 2.11 and 2.79, respectively, and microscopic characteristics of the edge mycelia of Valsa Mali around inhibition zone by B6 and B4 indicated that there were significant differences between the two strains in killing fungi.【Conclusion】The pathogen of plum tree canker was reported for the first time. Meanwhile, it provided the basis and material for efficient biological control to fruit trees canker.

Key words: fruit tree canker; apple tree; plum tree; pathogen; antagonistic bacteria

中图分类号:

S436

牛春林,叶晓芸,艾尼,王振华,热依汗,姜国勇,高雁,宋素琴,楚敏. 克拉玛依果树腐烂病病原菌鉴定及其拮抗菌的筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(2): 304-311.

NIU Chun-lin, YE Xiao-yun, Aini, WANG Zhen-hua, RE Ei-han, JIANG Guo-yong, GAO Yan, SONG Su-qin, CHU Min. Identification of Pathogenic Fungi of Fruit Trees Canker in Karamay and Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 55(2): 304-311.

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克拉玛依果树腐烂病病原菌鉴定及其拮抗菌的筛选

Identification of Pathogenic Fungi of Fruit Trees Canker in Karamay and Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria

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