火干扰烈度对喀纳斯针叶阔叶林主要植物种生态位的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.11.001

新疆农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 1961-1971.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2017.11.001

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火干扰烈度对喀纳斯针叶阔叶林主要植物种生态位的影响

刘景¹, 潘存德¹, 余戈壁², 李贵华³, 刘小菊¹, 崔倩¹, 杨玉萍¹

1.新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院/新疆教育厅干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052;
2.喀纳斯国家自然保护区,新疆布尔津 836600;
3.新疆维吾尔自治区林业厅,乌鲁木齐 830000

收稿日期:2017-11-02 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-12-06
通信作者: 潘存德(1964-),男,新疆奇台人,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为森林生态与经营,(E-mail)pancunde@163.com
作者简介:刘景(1991-),女,新疆阿勒泰人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生态林培育理论与技术,(E-mail)hyliujing@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“喀纳斯泰加林火成演替草本层与林冠层关系研究”(31570634);新疆自治区财政林业科技项目“新疆山地森林更新演替与可持续经营研究”(新林科字〔2016〕599号－30)

Effects of Fire Severity on Niche of Main Species in the Coniferous Broad-leaved Forest in Kanas, Xinjiang

LIU Jing¹, PAN Cun-de¹, YU Ge-bi², LI Gui-hua³, LIU Xiao-ju¹, CUI Qian¹, YANG Yu-ping¹

1.Collage of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecology and Industry Technology in Arid Region, Education Department of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Kanas National Nature Reserve, Buerjin Xinjiang 836600, China;
3. The Forestry Department of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, China

Received:2017-11-02 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-12-06
Correspondence author: PAN Cun-de(1964-),male,native place:Xinjiang,professor,Research field:forest ecosystem management,(E-mail)pancunde@163.com
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China "Study on linkage between the herbaceous and overstory layer among pyrogenic succession in Taiga forests" (31570634); Financial forestry science and technology project of Xinjiang Uygar Autonomous Region "The succession and the sustainable development of mountain forests in the Xinjiang"(XLKZ [2016] No.599-30)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】分析不同火干扰烈度下喀纳斯针叶阔叶林主要植物种生态位变化特征,从生态位角度解释植物群落的火干扰演替机制,为喀纳斯泰加林群落物种多样性保护与森林可持续经营提供科学依据。【方法】采用Shannon-Wiener生态位宽度和Pianka生态位重叠度,定量分析喀纳斯针叶阔叶林乔木层、灌木层和草本层主要植物种在不同火干扰烈度下的生态位宽度和生态位重叠度变化。【结果】在不同火干扰烈度之间,西伯利亚红松(Pinus sibirica)和老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)的生态位宽度均存在显著差异(P＜0.05),疣枝桦(Betula pendula)、红果越橘(Vaccinium hirtum)和寄奴花(Cerastium pauciflorum)等9种主要植物种的生态位宽度均不存在显著性差异(P＞0.05);西伯利亚落叶松(Larix sibirica)、蓝果忍冬(Lonicera caerulea)和多叶苔草(Carex polyphylla)等主要植物种的生态位宽度在任一火干扰烈度与其他两种火干扰烈度之间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05)。森林群落乔木层主要植物种生态位重叠值在轻度火干扰烈度下最大,但与中度火干扰烈度之间的差别不大;森林群落灌木层和草本层主要植物种生态位重叠值则均是在中度火干扰烈度下最大。生态位重叠值＞0.8的物种对在中度火干扰烈度下最多,轻度火干扰烈度下最少。【结论】不同的自然火干扰烈度通过制造资源环境的异质性,进而导致喀纳斯针叶阔叶林主要植物种的生态位发生变化,并受到植物生物学特性的影响。

关键词: 自然火干扰; 火烈度; 针叶阔叶林; 植物种; 生态位

Abstract: 【Objective】 Through the analysis of niche transition under different fire severity in a coniferous broad-leaved forest in Kanas to explain the mechanism of succession of plant community fire disturbance from the niche perspective, this project aims to provide scientific basis for the Kanas taiga forest community species diversity conservation and sustainable forest management.【Method】In this paper, the value of ecological niche width and niche overlap of the main species in tree layer, shrub layer and herbaceous layer under different fire severity were quantitatively analyzed by the ecological niche width of Shannon-Wiener and the niche overlap of Pianka.【Result】The niche width of Pinus sibirica and Elymus sibiricus had significant differences (P < 0.05) under different fire severity, the niche breadth of Betula pendula, Vaccinium hirtum, Cerastium pauciflorum and other nine main species had slight difference(P > 0.05), the niche width of Larix sibirica, Lonicera caerulea, Carex polyphylla and other plants had significant difference (P < 0.05) between any fire disturbance intensity and other two kinds of fire disturbance intensity. Tree layer niche overlap value of main plant species of forest community reached the maximum in mild fire disturbance intensity, but there was little difference between moderate fire disturbance intensity. The niche overlap values of main plant species in shrub layer and herb layer were the largest under moderate fire disturbance intensity. The species of niche overlap value more than 0.8 under the moderate fire disturbance intensity was the largest and the least under the weak fire severity.【Conclusion】Different natural fire severity can lead to the ecological niche change of the main species in the coniferous broad-leaved forest of the Kanas by the environment heterogeneity and it is also affected by the biological characteristics of plants.

Key words: natural fire disturbance; fire severity; coniferous-broad-leaved forest; plant species; niche

中图分类号:

S791.02

刘景, 潘存德, 余戈壁, 李贵华, 刘小菊, 崔倩, 杨玉萍. 火干扰烈度对喀纳斯针叶阔叶林主要植物种生态位的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(11): 1961-1971.

LIU Jing, PAN Cun-de, YU Ge-bi, LI Gui-hua, LIU Xiao-ju, CUI Qian, YANG Yu-ping. Effects of Fire Severity on Niche of Main Species in the Coniferous Broad-leaved Forest in Kanas, Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 54(11): 1961-1971.

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火干扰烈度对喀纳斯针叶阔叶林主要植物种生态位的影响

Effects of Fire Severity on Niche of Main Species in the Coniferous Broad-leaved Forest in Kanas, Xinjiang

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