新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 1716-1725.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.018
收稿日期:
2021-09-07
出版日期:
2022-07-20
发布日期:
2022-08-04
通信作者:
王东
作者简介:
麦麦提艾则孜·穆合塔尔(1995-),男,新疆和田人,硕士研究生,研究方向为伽师瓜生理生化与有害生物防控,(E-mail) 2252240073@qq.com
基金资助:
Maimaitiaizezi Muhetaer(), ZHAO Xiaomeng, WANG Dong()
Received:
2021-09-07
Online:
2022-07-20
Published:
2022-08-04
Correspondence author:
WANG Dong
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究比较在室外盆栽条件下,几种豆科植物种子干粉拌种处理对伽师瓜种子发芽及植株生长的影响,筛选出对伽师瓜种子发芽抑制作用较小,且对伽师瓜植株生长具有较好促进作用的豆科植物,为苦豆子绿肥开发提供依据。【方法】以伽师瓜为供试作物,选取苦豆子、三叶草、苜蓿、豌豆、豇豆和绿豆等6种豆科植物为试材,研究不同豆科植物种子干粉对伽师瓜种子发芽、伽师瓜植株形态以及相关生理生化指标的影响。【结果】三叶草种子干粉处理的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均最小,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别为(65.0±0.105)、(62.5±0.088)和(1.188±0.173),绿豆种子干粉处理的萌发率、发芽势和发芽指数均大于其他处理组,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别为(82.5±0.068)、(80.0±0.112)和(1.425±0.176),绿豆种子干粉对伽师瓜种子萌发的抑制性最弱。苦豆子种子干粉处理的伽师瓜植株高度、植株粗度和叶片总面积第5次测量的净增长量分别为(160.313±22.129)、(0.373±0.107)和(160.313±22.129)。苦豆子种子干粉处理的伽师瓜植株总干重和叶片叶绿素含量分别为(4.220±0.157)和(0.445±0.018)。【结论】与其他豆科植物相比,苦豆子种子干粉对伽师瓜植株形态以及相关生理生化指标具有更好的促进作用。在开发伽师瓜绿肥时,苦豆子种子可以作为优先选择对象。
中图分类号:
麦麦提艾则孜·穆合塔尔, 赵晓梦, 王东. 豆科植物种子干粉拌种处理对伽师瓜种子发芽及植株生长的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(7): 1716-1725.
Maimaitiaizezi Muhetaer, ZHAO Xiaomeng, WANG Dong. Effects of Different Leguminosaeseed Dry Powder on Seed Germination and Plant Growth of Jiashi Melon[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(7): 1716-1725.
处理 Treatment | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 发芽势 Germination energy (%) | 发芽指数 Germination index |
---|---|---|---|
CK | 97.5±0.056a | 77.5±0.056ab | 1.642±0.069a |
T1 | 65.0±0.105c | 62.5±0.088c | 1.188±0.173c |
T2 | 77.5±0.105bc | 67.5±0.068abc | 1.412±0.186bc |
T3 | 75.0±0.125bc | 65.0±0.137bc | 1.319±0.186bc |
T4 | 70.0±0.112bc | 62.5±0.088c | 1.260±0.169bc |
T5 | 82.5±0.068b | 80.0±0.112a | 1.425±0.176b |
T6 | 72.5±0.105bc | 65.0±0.105bc | 1.320±0.120bc |
表1 豆科植物种子干粉拌种处理下伽师瓜种子发芽变化
Table 1 Effects of different Leguminosae seed dry powder on seed germination of Jiashi melon
处理 Treatment | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 发芽势 Germination energy (%) | 发芽指数 Germination index |
---|---|---|---|
CK | 97.5±0.056a | 77.5±0.056ab | 1.642±0.069a |
T1 | 65.0±0.105c | 62.5±0.088c | 1.188±0.173c |
T2 | 77.5±0.105bc | 67.5±0.068abc | 1.412±0.186bc |
T3 | 75.0±0.125bc | 65.0±0.137bc | 1.319±0.186bc |
T4 | 70.0±0.112bc | 62.5±0.088c | 1.260±0.169bc |
T5 | 82.5±0.068b | 80.0±0.112a | 1.425±0.176b |
T6 | 72.5±0.105bc | 65.0±0.105bc | 1.320±0.120bc |
处理 Treatment | 净增长量(2-1) Net increase (2-1) (mm/株) | 净增长量(3-2) Net increase (3-2) (mm/株) | 净增长量(4-3) Net increase (4-3) (mm/株) | 净增长量(5-4) Net increase (5-4) (mm/株) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 49.013±4.901d | 80.543±5.963e | 79.095±9.181b | 103.103±30.195b |
T1 | 56.191±10.623cd | 99.816±11.831de | 80.575±12.183b | 107.661±19.733b |
T2 | 68.688±6.673ab | 125.635±24.437bc | 96.873±20.062b | 128.103±31.331ab |
T3 | 66.175±14.288abc | 109.838±14.027cd | 89.053±10.636b | 168.742±51.774a |
T4 | 57.364±3.294bcd | 164.584±14.853a | 100.735±11.903b | 159.490±20.665a |
T5 | 63.034±5.618bc | 166.774±29.922a | 136.568±23.422a | 97.472±37.857b |
T6 | 76.614±7.405a | 147.541±13.152ab | 140.901±10.936a | 160.313±22.129a |
表2 豆科植物种子干粉拌种处理下伽师瓜植株高度净增长量变化
Table 2 Effect of Leguminosaeseed dry powder on net increase of plant height of Jiashi melon
处理 Treatment | 净增长量(2-1) Net increase (2-1) (mm/株) | 净增长量(3-2) Net increase (3-2) (mm/株) | 净增长量(4-3) Net increase (4-3) (mm/株) | 净增长量(5-4) Net increase (5-4) (mm/株) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 49.013±4.901d | 80.543±5.963e | 79.095±9.181b | 103.103±30.195b |
T1 | 56.191±10.623cd | 99.816±11.831de | 80.575±12.183b | 107.661±19.733b |
T2 | 68.688±6.673ab | 125.635±24.437bc | 96.873±20.062b | 128.103±31.331ab |
T3 | 66.175±14.288abc | 109.838±14.027cd | 89.053±10.636b | 168.742±51.774a |
T4 | 57.364±3.294bcd | 164.584±14.853a | 100.735±11.903b | 159.490±20.665a |
T5 | 63.034±5.618bc | 166.774±29.922a | 136.568±23.422a | 97.472±37.857b |
T6 | 76.614±7.405a | 147.541±13.152ab | 140.901±10.936a | 160.313±22.129a |
处理 Treatment | 净增长量(2-1) Net increase (2-1) (mm/株) | 净增长量(3-2) Net increase (3-2) (mm/株) | 净增长量(4-3) Net increase (4-3) (mm/株) | 净增长量(5-4) Net increase (5-4) (mm/株) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 1.261±0.061b | 0.636±0.040b | 0.426±0.083a | 0.172±0.059b |
T1 | 1.289±0.082b | 0.565±0.142b | 0.444±0.111a | 0.168±19.733b |
T2 | 1.688±0.086a | 0.897±0.153a | 0.236±0.120b | 0.166±0.012b |
T3 | 1.720±0.158a | 0.934±0.167a | 0.368±0.039ab | 0.103±0.057b |
T4 | 1.747±0.059a | 0.951±0.125a | 0.252±0.072b | 0.193±0.093b |
T5 | 1.684±0.074a | 0.899±0.125a | 0.363±0.085ab | 0.154±0.090b |
T6 | 1.812±0.144a | 1.072±0.205a | 0.441±0.149a | 0.373±0.107a |
表3 豆科植物种子干粉拌种处理下伽师瓜植株粗度净增量变化
Table 3 Effect of Leguminosaeseed dry powder on net increase of stem diameter of Jiashi melon
处理 Treatment | 净增长量(2-1) Net increase (2-1) (mm/株) | 净增长量(3-2) Net increase (3-2) (mm/株) | 净增长量(4-3) Net increase (4-3) (mm/株) | 净增长量(5-4) Net increase (5-4) (mm/株) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 1.261±0.061b | 0.636±0.040b | 0.426±0.083a | 0.172±0.059b |
T1 | 1.289±0.082b | 0.565±0.142b | 0.444±0.111a | 0.168±19.733b |
T2 | 1.688±0.086a | 0.897±0.153a | 0.236±0.120b | 0.166±0.012b |
T3 | 1.720±0.158a | 0.934±0.167a | 0.368±0.039ab | 0.103±0.057b |
T4 | 1.747±0.059a | 0.951±0.125a | 0.252±0.072b | 0.193±0.093b |
T5 | 1.684±0.074a | 0.899±0.125a | 0.363±0.085ab | 0.154±0.090b |
T6 | 1.812±0.144a | 1.072±0.205a | 0.441±0.149a | 0.373±0.107a |
处理 Treatment | 净增长量(2-1) Net increase (2-1) (cm2/株) | 净增长量(3-2) Net increase (3-2) (cm2/株) | 净增长量(4-3) Net increase (4-3) (cm2/株) | 净增长量(5-4) Net increase (5-4) (cm2/株) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 47.350±2.893e | 16.559±5.172f | 49.016±10.176e | 63.337±6.427c |
T1 | 52.425±3.407e | 26.487±13.269f | 68.937±6.653d | 57.375±5.229c |
T2 | 64.24±4.825cd | 69.325±46.787d | 98.100±14.595bc | 92.013±24.236b |
T3 | 82.237±8.506b | 46.787±8.297e | 127.937±11.343a | 108.463±18.036b |
T4 | 59.490±6.550d | 106.722±5.930b | 81.625±9.596cd | 153.387±19.059a |
T5 | 69.137±4.058c | 92.313±8.805c | 102.725±14.777b | 58.975±5.228c |
T6 | 92.925±4.861a | 120.699±12.052a | 107.213±19.391b | 160.313±22.129a |
表4 豆科植物种子干粉拌种处理下伽师瓜植株叶片总面积增量变化
Table 4 Effect of Leguminosaeseed dry powder on net increase of leaf area of Jiashi melon
处理 Treatment | 净增长量(2-1) Net increase (2-1) (cm2/株) | 净增长量(3-2) Net increase (3-2) (cm2/株) | 净增长量(4-3) Net increase (4-3) (cm2/株) | 净增长量(5-4) Net increase (5-4) (cm2/株) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 47.350±2.893e | 16.559±5.172f | 49.016±10.176e | 63.337±6.427c |
T1 | 52.425±3.407e | 26.487±13.269f | 68.937±6.653d | 57.375±5.229c |
T2 | 64.24±4.825cd | 69.325±46.787d | 98.100±14.595bc | 92.013±24.236b |
T3 | 82.237±8.506b | 46.787±8.297e | 127.937±11.343a | 108.463±18.036b |
T4 | 59.490±6.550d | 106.722±5.930b | 81.625±9.596cd | 153.387±19.059a |
T5 | 69.137±4.058c | 92.313±8.805c | 102.725±14.777b | 58.975±5.228c |
T6 | 92.925±4.861a | 120.699±12.052a | 107.213±19.391b | 160.313±22.129a |
处理 Treatment | 地上部分干重 (g/株) Shoot dry weight (g/Plant) | 地下部分干重 (g/株) Root dry weight (g/Plant) | 总干重 (g/株) Total dry weight (g/Plant) |
---|---|---|---|
CK | 1.077±0.134f | 0.237±0.044d | 1.314±0.159f |
T1 | 1.278±0.099e | 0.343±0.041bc | 1.621±0.136e |
T2 | 1.846±0.098d | 0.337±0.061c | 2.182±0.104d |
T3 | 2.226±0.079bc | 0.408±0.046b | 2.633±0.106b |
T4 | 2.291±0.087b | 0.384±0.059bc | 2.675±0.079b |
T5 | 2.108±0.098c | 0.336±0.020c | 2.444±0.108c |
T6 | 3.564±0.137a | 0.656±0.056a | 4.220±0.157a |
表5 豆科种子干粉拌种处理下伽师瓜植株干物质积累量(干重)变化
Table 5 Effects of different Leguminosae seed dry powder treatments on dry weight of Jiashi melon
处理 Treatment | 地上部分干重 (g/株) Shoot dry weight (g/Plant) | 地下部分干重 (g/株) Root dry weight (g/Plant) | 总干重 (g/株) Total dry weight (g/Plant) |
---|---|---|---|
CK | 1.077±0.134f | 0.237±0.044d | 1.314±0.159f |
T1 | 1.278±0.099e | 0.343±0.041bc | 1.621±0.136e |
T2 | 1.846±0.098d | 0.337±0.061c | 2.182±0.104d |
T3 | 2.226±0.079bc | 0.408±0.046b | 2.633±0.106b |
T4 | 2.291±0.087b | 0.384±0.059bc | 2.675±0.079b |
T5 | 2.108±0.098c | 0.336±0.020c | 2.444±0.108c |
T6 | 3.564±0.137a | 0.656±0.056a | 4.220±0.157a |
处理 Treatment | 叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg/g) | 叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg/g) | 叶绿素含量(a+b) Chlorophyll (a+b) (mg/g) |
---|---|---|---|
CK | 0.139±0.007d | 0.049±0.003d | 0.189±0.009d |
T1 | 0.209±0.015c | 0.068±0.007c | 0.276±0.019c |
T2 | 0.259±0.018b | 0.093±0.007b | 0.353±0.025b |
T3 | 0.274±0.013b | 0.098±0.003b | 0.373±0.014b |
T4 | 0.265±0.009b | 0.095±0.007b | 0.359±0.014b |
T5 | 0.268±0.010b | 0.096±0.004b | 0.364±0.013b |
T6 | 0.328±0.013a | 0.117±0.006a | 0.445±0.018a |
表6 豆科种子干粉拌种处理下伽师瓜植株叶片叶绿素含量变化
Table 6 Effects of different Leguminosaeseed dry powder on chlorophyll content of Jiashi melon
处理 Treatment | 叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (mg/g) | 叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (mg/g) | 叶绿素含量(a+b) Chlorophyll (a+b) (mg/g) |
---|---|---|---|
CK | 0.139±0.007d | 0.049±0.003d | 0.189±0.009d |
T1 | 0.209±0.015c | 0.068±0.007c | 0.276±0.019c |
T2 | 0.259±0.018b | 0.093±0.007b | 0.353±0.025b |
T3 | 0.274±0.013b | 0.098±0.003b | 0.373±0.014b |
T4 | 0.265±0.009b | 0.095±0.007b | 0.359±0.014b |
T5 | 0.268±0.010b | 0.096±0.004b | 0.364±0.013b |
T6 | 0.328±0.013a | 0.117±0.006a | 0.445±0.018a |
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