两种助剂在核桃腐烂病化学防控中的减药增效分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.017

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (3): 672-680.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.017

两种助剂在核桃腐烂病化学防控中的减药增效分析

王文窈¹(), 施万斌¹, 芦屹², 图尔荪托合提·阿卜杜拉³, 叶尔胜·哈尔肯¹, 马荣¹()

1.新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆维吾尔自治区植物保护站,乌鲁木齐 830049
3.和田县布扎克乡林业站站长,新疆和田 848000

收稿日期:2023-07-30 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-04-19
通信作者: 马荣(1983-),女,甘肃人,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为森林保护,(E-mail)xjaumr@sina.com
作者简介:王文窈(1999-),女,四川人,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林保护,(E-mail)Wangwy199908@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项“基于环境因子驱动的核桃腐烂病、焦叶病和红枣果黑斑病预警及防控关键技术研发”(2021B02004-3)

Effects of two adjuvants on bactericide reduction and efficacy enhancing in chemical prevention and control of walnut cancer disease

WANG Wenyao¹(), SHI Wanbin¹, LU Yi², Tuersuntuoheti Abudula³, Yeersheng Haerken¹, MA Rong¹()

1. Collage of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
2. Plant Protection Station of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830049,China
3. Hetan County Buzhake Township Forestry Station,Hetan Xinjiang 848000,China

Received:2023-07-30 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-04-19
Correspondence author: MA Rong(1983-),female,from Gansu,professor,research field:forest protection,(E-mail)xjaumr@sina.com
Supported by:
Key R & D Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region“Research and Development of Key Technologies for Early Warning and Prevention of Walnut Cancer Disease,Burnt Leaf Disease and Red Jujube Fruit Black Spot Disease Based on Environmental Factors”(2021B02004-3)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究核桃树腐烂病的发生规律及降低病害防控过程中化学药剂的施用剂量。【方法】 于2022年4~8月在新疆和田地区布扎克乡的6个样地中,采用五点取样法,定点定株调查核桃树腐烂病的发生情况。将前期优化出的2种化学药剂:40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW和1.6%噻霉酮PF与两种助剂:透翠树皮穿透剂和99%绿颖矿物油设置10不同处理进行施用,施药后观察病斑复发及愈合情况,计算药剂防效、助剂校正防效和病疤平均愈合宽度。【结果】 新疆和田县布扎克乡核桃树腐烂病在2022年5月和8月出现2个发病高峰期;病菌主要通过剪锯口侵入,占病斑总数的44.1%;向阳面病斑数最多;40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW药剂减量30%+透翠100倍液和1.6%噻霉酮PF药剂减量50%+透翠100倍液处理后防效较高,分别为80%和86.7%。【结论】 筛选出的2组最优药剂组合有利于减少化学药剂的施用量,降低防治成本,减少对环境的污染。

关键词: 核桃腐烂病; 发病规律; 化学药剂; 助剂; 减药增效

Abstract:

【Objective】 To clarify the occurrence rule of walnut cancer disease and reduce the concentration of chemical pesticides in the prevention and control process.【Methods】 A survey of walnut cancer disease was carried out in 6 sample plots in Buzhake Township,Hetan County,Hetan,prefecture Xinjiang from April to August 2022 through five-point sampling method.Two chemical agents optimized in the early stage:40% Tebuconazole & Prochloraz EW and 1.6% benziothiazolinone PF,and two adjuvants:noposion Toucui bark penetrant and SK EnSpray 99 were applied in 10 different treatments.After application,the recurrence and healing of the spots were observed,and the efficacy prevention,the correction anti-effect and the mean healing width were calculated.【Results】 The results showed that there were two peak periods of walnut cancer disease in Buzhake Township,Hotan County,Xinjiang in May and August in 2022.The pathogen invaded mainly through the sawing edge,accounting for 44.1% of the total number of spots.The number of spots on the sunny side was the most.The control effect of 40% Tebuconazole & Prochloraz EW reduced by 30%(1,428 times of solution)+ Toucui 100 times of solution and 1.6% benziothiazolinone PF reduced by 50%(400 times of solution) + Toucui 100 times of solution were better,80% and 86.7%,respectively.【Conclusion】 The optimal combination of the two groups of agents is beneficial to reduce the dosage of chemical agents,decrease the cost of prevention and control,and reduce the pollution to the environment.

Key words: walnut cancer disease; regularity of onset; chemical pesticides; adjuvants; bactericide reduction and efficacy enhancing

中图分类号:

S664.1

王文窈, 施万斌, 芦屹, 图尔荪托合提·阿卜杜拉, 叶尔胜·哈尔肯, 马荣. 两种助剂在核桃腐烂病化学防控中的减药增效分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(3): 672-680.

WANG Wenyao, SHI Wanbin, LU Yi, Tuersuntuoheti Abudula, Yeersheng Haerken, MA Rong. Effects of two adjuvants on bactericide reduction and efficacy enhancing in chemical prevention and control of walnut cancer disease[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(3): 672-680.

图/表 10

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样地编号 Sample number	总株数 Total quantity	地点 Location	核桃品种 Walnut breed	间作植物 Intercropping plant	经度,纬度 Longtitude and latitude
1	52	阿依玛克村	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°47'21.804″E,37°3'26.856″N
2	30	阿依玛克村	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°47'22.524″E,37°3'24.192″N
3	88	库萨村	扎343	小麦、玉米	79°49'30.684″E,37°3'54″N
4	35	库萨村	扎343	小麦、玉米	79°49'35.292″E,37°3'49.14″N
5	91	托格拉克	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°48'47.312″E,37°3'48.744″N
6	88	托格拉克	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°48'54.18″E,37°3'48.456″N

样地编号 Sample number	总株数 Total quantity	地点 Location	核桃品种 Walnut breed	间作植物 Intercropping plant	经度,纬度 Longtitude and latitude
1	52	阿依玛克村	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°47'21.804″E,37°3'26.856″N
2	30	阿依玛克村	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°47'22.524″E,37°3'24.192″N
3	88	库萨村	扎343	小麦、玉米	79°49'30.684″E,37°3'54″N
4	35	库萨村	扎343	小麦、玉米	79°49'35.292″E,37°3'49.14″N
5	91	托格拉克	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°48'47.312″E,37°3'48.744″N
6	88	托格拉克	新丰2	小麦、玉米	79°48'54.18″E,37°3'48.456″N

样地编号 Sample number	总株树 Total quantity	病株率 Disease incidence (%)	病级株数 Disease stage number						病情指数 Disease index
样地编号 Sample number	总株树 Total quantity	病株率 Disease incidence (%)	0	1	2	3	4	5	病情指数 Disease index
1	52	88.5	6	18	19	5	4	0	33.5
2	30	80	6	8	14	2	0	0	28.0
3	88	94	5	6	40	34	3	0	45.5
4	35	80	7	7	17	3	1	0	30.9
5	91	98.8	1	36	43	11	0	0	34.1
6	88	93.2	6	25	49	8	0	0	33.4

样地编号 Sample number	总株树 Total quantity	病株率 Disease incidence (%)	病级株数 Disease stage number						病情指数 Disease index
样地编号 Sample number	总株树 Total quantity	病株率 Disease incidence (%)	0	1	2	3	4	5	病情指数 Disease index
1	52	88.5	6	18	19	5	4	0	33.5
2	30	80	6	8	14	2	0	0	28.0
3	88	94	5	6	40	34	3	0	45.5
4	35	80	7	7	17	3	1	0	30.9
5	91	98.8	1	36	43	11	0	0	34.1
6	88	93.2	6	25	49	8	0	0	33.4

处理编号 Number	药剂处理组 Pesticide Combination	防治效果 Efficacy prevention(%)
1	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW常规用量(1 000倍液)	33.33^cd
2	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW常规用量减少30%(1 428倍液)+透翠树皮穿透剂100倍液	80^a
3	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW常规用量减少30%(1 428倍液)+绿颖矿物油200倍液	40^c
4	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW常规用量减少50%(2 000倍液)+透翠树皮穿透剂100倍液	53.33^bc
5	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW常规用量减少50%(2 000倍液)+绿颖矿物油200倍液	73.33^ab
6	1.6%噻霉酮PF常规用量(200倍液)	0^e
7	1.6%噻霉酮PF常规用量减少30%(285倍液)+透翠树皮穿透剂100倍液	53.33^bc
8	1.6%噻霉酮PF常规用量减少30%(285倍液)+绿颖矿物油200倍液	46.67^c
9	1.6%噻霉酮PF常规用量减少50%(400倍液)+透翠树皮穿透剂100倍液	73.33^ab
10	1.6%噻霉酮PF常规用量减少50%(400倍液)+绿颖矿物油200倍液	20^d
11	CK	0^e

两种助剂在核桃腐烂病化学防控中的减药增效分析

Effects of two adjuvants on bactericide reduction and efficacy enhancing in chemical prevention and control of walnut cancer disease

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参考文献 22

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Metrics

处理编号 Number	化学药剂 Chemical pharmacy	浓度 Concentration	药剂稀释倍数(倍) Dilution multiple	助剂种类 Adjuvant	助剂稀释倍数(倍) Dilution multiple
1	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW	常规用量	1 000	-	-
2	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW	常规用量减少30%	1 428	透翠树皮穿透剂	100
3	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW	常规用量减少30%	1 428	99%绿颖矿物油	200
4	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW	常规用量减少50%	2 000	透翠树皮穿透剂	100
5	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW	常规用量减少50%	2 000	99%绿颖矿物油	200
6	1.6%噻霉酮PF	常规用量	200	-	-
7	1.6%噻霉酮PF	常规用量减少30%	285	透翠树皮穿透剂	100
8	1.6%噻霉酮PF	常规用量减少30%	285	99%绿颖矿物油	200
9	1.6%噻霉酮PF	常规用量减少50%	400	透翠树皮穿透剂	100
10	1.6%噻霉酮PF	常规用量减少50%	400	99%绿颖矿物油	200
11	CK	-	-	-	-

处理编号 Number	药剂处理组 Pesticide Combination	防治效果 Efficacy prevention(%)
1	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW常规用量减少30%(1 428倍液)+透翠树皮穿透剂100倍液	80.00^AB
2	40%戊唑·咪鲜胺EW常规用量减少50%(2 000倍液)+绿颖矿物油200倍液	66.67^B
3	1.6%噻霉酮PF常规用量减少50%(400倍液)+透翠树皮穿透剂100倍液	86.67^A

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