饲喂蒸汽压片玉米对新疆褐牛产肉性能及肝脏营养物质代谢的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.029

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (10): 2583-2589.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.029

• 农业装备工程与机械化·畜牧兽医 • 上一篇下一篇

饲喂蒸汽压片玉米对新疆褐牛产肉性能及肝脏营养物质代谢的影响

魏勇¹(), 高雨², 杨敏², 许子豪², 任万平²^,³()

1.新疆天澳牧业有限公司,乌鲁木齐 830000
2.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
3.新疆肉乳用草食动物营养重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2022-12-05 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-11-01
通信作者: 任万平(1987-),男,讲师,博士,研究方向为反刍动物营养,(E-mail)1392529483@qq.com
作者简介:魏勇(1980-),男,四川资中人,高级兽医师,硕士,研究方向为奶牛繁殖,(E-mail)627606567@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团十二师重大科技项目(SR202101)

Effects of feeding steam-pressed corn on meat performance and liver nutrient metabolism of Xinjiang brown cattle

WEI Yong¹(), GAO Yu², YANG Min², XU Zihao², REN Wanping²^,³()

1. Xinjiang Tianao Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd., Urumqi 830000,China
2. College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Meat and Milk Production Herbivore Nutrition,Urumqi 830052,China

Received:2022-12-05 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-11-01
Correspondence author: REN Wanping(1987-),male,lecturer,Ph.D., mainly engaged in ruminant nutrition,(E-mail)1392529483@qq.com
Supported by:
Science and Technology Project of the 12th Division of the XPCC(SR202101)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究饲喂蒸汽压片玉米对新疆褐牛产肉性能及肝脏营养物质代谢的影响。【方法】 选择16头体重相近、健康状况良好18月龄的新疆褐牛公牛为研究对象,随机分为2组,试验组精料使用蒸汽压片玉米,对照组使用普通破碎玉米,试验预饲期15 d,正试期180 d。在试验开始和结束的早晨对试验牛进行空腹称重并记录,屠宰后取肝脏样分装,置于液氮中冻存备检测。【结果】 (1)试验组平均日增重(ADG)和宰前活重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验组眼肌面积显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组间胴体重、眼肌高度、背膘厚度等指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(2)试验组尿素(UREA)、氨态氮(NH₃-N)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)与对照组差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(3)试验组乙酰乙酸(ACAC)显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验组肝糖原(LG)、丙酮酸羧化酶(PC)、肝酯酶(HL)等肝脏糖脂代谢关键产物和酶均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。【结论】 饲喂蒸汽压片玉米,可以提高新疆褐牛公牛的增重性能、产肉性能,促进新疆褐牛公牛肝脏糖脂分解代谢、减少沉积在肝脏中的糖脂含量。

关键词: 新疆褐牛; 蒸汽压片玉米; 产肉性能; 肝脏营养物质

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to explore the effects of feeding steam pressed corn on meat production performance and liver nutrient metabolism of Xinjiang brown cattle.【Methods】 The healthy cattle in Xinjiang were randomly divided into two groups, namely, the normal corn crushing group and the normal corn crushing group.On the morning of the beginning and end of the experiment, the test cattle were weighed on an empty stomach and recorded.After slaughtering, the liver samples were sub packed and frozen in liquid nitrogen for detection.【Results】 (1) The average daily gain (ADG) and pre-mortem live weight of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the eye muscle area of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in carcass weight, eye muscle height and backfat thickness between the two groups (P>0.05).(2) There was no significant difference in urea (urea), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05).(3)Acetylacetic acid (ACAC) in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).The key products and enzymes of liver glycogen (LG), pyruvate carboxylase (PC), liver esterase (HL) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01).【Conclusion】 Feeding steam pressed corn can improve the weight gain and meat production of Xinjiang brown cattle and bulls and promote the glycolipid catabolism in the liver of Xinjiang brown bull and reduce the content of glycolipid deposited in the liver.

Key words: Xinjiang brown cattle; steam pressed corn; meat production performance; liver nutrients

中图分类号:

S823

魏勇, 高雨, 杨敏, 许子豪, 任万平. 饲喂蒸汽压片玉米对新疆褐牛产肉性能及肝脏营养物质代谢的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(10): 2583-2589.

WEI Yong, GAO Yu, YANG Min, XU Zihao, REN Wanping. Effects of feeding steam-pressed corn on meat performance and liver nutrient metabolism of Xinjiang brown cattle[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(10): 2583-2589.

图/表 4

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项目 Items	组别Groups
项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Test group
原料Ingredients
普通玉米Regular corn	0	60
蒸汽压片玉米Steam-flaked corn	60	0
麸皮Wheat bran	8	8
豆粕Soybean meal	10	10
棉粕Cottonseed meal	15	15
氯化钠NaCl	1	1
小苏打NaHCO₃	1	1
预混料Premix	5	5
营养水平Nutrient levels
增重净能NE g/(MJ/kg)	4.89	4.95
粗脂肪EE	4.68	4.73
粗蛋白CP	14.65	14.87
钙Ca	0.79	0.81
磷P	0.33	0.36

项目 Items	组别Groups
项目 Items	对照组 Control group	试验组 Test group
原料Ingredients
普通玉米Regular corn	0	60
蒸汽压片玉米Steam-flaked corn	60	0
麸皮Wheat bran	8	8
豆粕Soybean meal	10	10
棉粕Cottonseed meal	15	15
氯化钠NaCl	1	1
小苏打NaHCO₃	1	1
预混料Premix	5	5
营养水平Nutrient levels
增重净能NE g/(MJ/kg)	4.89	4.95
粗脂肪EE	4.68	4.73
粗蛋白CP	14.65	14.87
钙Ca	0.79	0.81
磷P	0.33	0.36

项目 Items	组别Groups		SEM	P值 P-value
项目 Items	对照组(n=8) Control group	试验组(n=8) Test group	SEM	P值 P-value
初体重Initial weight(kg)	431.38	436.50	5.10	0.631
宰前活重 Live weight before slaughter(kg)	570.25^b	614.63^a	10.18	0.022
平均日增重Average daily gain(kg)	0.77^b	0.99^a	0.05	0.034
胴体重Carcass weight(kg)	322.93	356.24	10.44	0.097
净肉率Net meat rate(%)	46.69	48.41	0.01	0.279
屠宰率Slaughter rate(%)	56.63	57.96	0.55	0.306
眼肌高度Ocular muscle height(cm)	5.56	5.53	0.30	0.966
眼肌面积Ocular muscle area(cm²)	74.44^b	81.39^a	1.63	0.023
背膘厚度Backfat thickness(cm)	0.90	0.84	0.04	0.548
板油重Board oil weight(kg)	16.52	16.45	0.05	0.624

项目 Items	组别Groups		SEM	P值 P-value
项目 Items	对照组(n=8) Control group	试验组(n=8) Test group	SEM	P值 P-value
初体重Initial weight(kg)	431.38	436.50	5.10	0.631
宰前活重 Live weight before slaughter(kg)	570.25^b	614.63^a	10.18	0.022
平均日增重Average daily gain(kg)	0.77^b	0.99^a	0.05	0.034
胴体重Carcass weight(kg)	322.93	356.24	10.44	0.097
净肉率Net meat rate(%)	46.69	48.41	0.01	0.279
屠宰率Slaughter rate(%)	56.63	57.96	0.55	0.306
眼肌高度Ocular muscle height(cm)	5.56	5.53	0.30	0.966
眼肌面积Ocular muscle area(cm²)	74.44^b	81.39^a	1.63	0.023
背膘厚度Backfat thickness(cm)	0.90	0.84	0.04	0.548
板油重Board oil weight(kg)	16.52	16.45	0.05	0.624

项目 Items	组别Groups		SEM	P值 P-value
项目 Items	对照组(n=8) Control group	试验组(n=8) Test group	SEM	P值 P-value
尿素UREA(mmol/g)	0.49	0.46	0.02	0.581
氨态氮BUN(μg/mg)	13.57	13.11	0.37	0.552
谷草转氨酶AST(U/g)	2 754.23	2 555.09	273.54	0.738
谷丙转氨酶ALT(U/g)	13.10	11.42	0.73	0.278

饲喂蒸汽压片玉米对新疆褐牛产肉性能及肝脏营养物质代谢的影响

Effects of feeding steam-pressed corn on meat performance and liver nutrient metabolism of Xinjiang brown cattle

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项目 Items	组别Groups		SEM	P值 P-value
项目 Items	对照组(n=8) Control group	试验组(n=8) Test group	SEM	P值 P-value
肝糖原LG(mg/g)	7.74^A	5.04^B	0.35	<0.01
丙酮酸羧化酶PC(U/mg)	7 459.81^A	4 275.39^B	360.22	<0.01
果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶FBP(U/mg)	3.90^A	2.46^B	0.17	<0.01
丙酮酸PA(μg/mg)	0.70^A	0.37^B	0.04	<0.01
乙酰乙酸ACAC(mmol/g)	0.09^a	0.06^b	0.01	0.032
肝脂酶HL(U/mg)	3.06^A	2.04^B	0.13	<0.01
乙酰辅酶A羧化酶ACC(U/mg)	2.43^A	1.19^B	0.13	<0.01
脂肪酸合成酶FASN(U/mg)	22.01^A	13.28^B	1.04	<0.01

项目 Items	组别Groups		SEM	P值 P-value
项目 Items	对照组(n=8) Control group	试验组(n=8) Test group	SEM	P值 P-value
肝糖原LG(mg/g)	7.74^A	5.04^B	0.35	<0.01
丙酮酸羧化酶PC(U/mg)	7 459.81^A	4 275.39^B	360.22	<0.01
果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶FBP(U/mg)	3.90^A	2.46^B	0.17	<0.01
丙酮酸PA(μg/mg)	0.70^A	0.37^B	0.04	<0.01
乙酰乙酸ACAC(mmol/g)	0.09^a	0.06^b	0.01	0.032
肝脂酶HL(U/mg)	3.06^A	2.04^B	0.13	<0.01
乙酰辅酶A羧化酶ACC(U/mg)	2.43^A	1.19^B	0.13	<0.01
脂肪酸合成酶FASN(U/mg)	22.01^A	13.28^B	1.04	<0.01