菌糠对猪粪好氧堆肥的腐熟度指标影响及评价分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.028

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 242-251.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.028

• 植物保护 · 土壤肥料 · 草业 · 畜牧兽医 • 上一篇下一篇

菌糠对猪粪好氧堆肥的腐熟度指标影响及评价分析

李安¹^,²(), 候玉勇², 周岭¹^,²()

1.塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300
2.自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2022-04-30 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-03-07
通信作者: 周岭(1972-),女,新疆阿拉尔市人,教授,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为生物质资源化利用,(E-mail)zhoul-007@163.com
作者简介:李安(1997-),男,山西汾阳市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为生物质资源化利用,(E-mail)1269287057@qq.com
基金资助:
兵团重点领域科技攻关项目“兵团畜禽规模养殖场废弃物资源化利用技术研究”(2019AB028)

Effects of Bacterial Bran on Maturity Index of Aerobic Composting of Pig Manure and Its Relevant Evaluation Analysis

LI An¹^,²(), HOU Yuyong², ZHOU Ling¹^,²()

1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300,China
2. Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering at Universities Level of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2022-04-30 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-03-07
Correspondence author: ZHOU Ling (1972-), female, doctor, professor, doctoral supervisor, research direction is biomass resource utilization,(E-mail)zhoul-007@163.com
Supported by:
Tackling Scientific and Technical Problems in Key Ares of XPCC "Research on Waste Resource Utilization Technology of XPCC Livestock and Poultry Farm"(2019AB028)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】评价分析菌糠对猪粪好氧堆肥的腐熟度指标影响。【方法】以取自新疆阿拉尔市某养猪场的新鲜猪粪为研究对象,采用废弃黑木耳菌糠添加到猪粪堆肥的方法,研究不同比例菌糠的添加对猪粪好氧堆肥过程中理化性质的影响规律、对比腐熟物光谱特性及腐熟度评价方法,利用模糊综合评价法和灰色关联分析法评价堆肥腐熟度。【结果】与对照组相比,菌糠的加入能够加快堆肥进入高温期的时间,且高温持续时间达到12 d,且加入15%的菌糠堆肥效果最好,全氮等营养元素含量呈现出先下降后上升的趋势。堆肥过程中在3 330 cm^-1~3 370 cm^-1、2 924 cm^-1、1 650 cm^-1、1 554 cm^-1、1 410 cm^-1、1 050 cm^-1~1 080 cm^-1处均存在吸收峰,相比于对照组,处理组其特征峰强度增幅均大于对照组。灰色关联度分析法更适用于堆肥腐熟特性的评价。【结论】菌糠的添加能够实现高效堆肥的目的,促进堆肥腐熟速率。

关键词: 好氧堆肥; 理化性质; 红外光谱; 腐熟度评价

Abstract:

【Objective】 Effects of Bacterial Bran on Maturity Index of Aerobic Composting of Pig Manure and Its Relevant Evaluation Analysis. 【Methods】 The experiment was carried out by adding waste fungus bran to pig manure aerobic compost taken from a large pig farm in Alar City to explore the influence of different proportion of fungus bran on the physicochemical characteristics of pig manure compost and the spectral characteristics of fermented substrateand to compare the two maturity evaluation methods. 【Results】 The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of fungus bran could accelerate the compost entering a high-temperature period, and the high-temperature period lasted for 12 days. The compost effect of adding 15% fungus bran was the best, and the content of total nitrogen and other nutrients decreased first and then increased.The infrared spectrum analysis of compost samples showed that there were absorption peaks at 3,330 cm^-1-3,370 cm^-1, 2,924 cm^-1, 1,650 cm^-1, 1,554 cm^-1, 1,410 cm^-1, 1,050 cm^-1-1,080 cm^-1 during compost, the intensityof characteristic peaks in the treatment group increased more than that of the control group.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and grey relational analysis method were used to analyze and evaluate compost maturity. It was found that grey relational analysis method was more suitable for evaluating compost maturity characteristics. 【Conclusion】 It is beneficial to compost pig manure by adding fungus bran and promoting the compost maturity rate.

Key words: aerobic composting; physicochemical properties; infrared spectrum; maturity evaluation

中图分类号:

S144

李安, 候玉勇, 周岭. 菌糠对猪粪好氧堆肥的腐熟度指标影响及评价分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(1): 242-251.

LI An, HOU Yuyong, ZHOU Ling. Effects of Bacterial Bran on Maturity Index of Aerobic Composting of Pig Manure and Its Relevant Evaluation Analysis[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(1): 242-251.

图/表 17

表1 堆肥物料基本理化性质

Table 1 Basic physical and chemical properties of composting materials

物料 Material	pH值 pH value	含水率 Moisture content (%)	电导率 Conductivity (ms/cm)	总碳 Total carbon (%)	总氮 Total nitrogen (%)	碳氮比 C/N
猪粪Pig manure	8.32	72.55	2.4	35.69	2.97	12.01
菌糠Bacterial bran	6.93	12.58	2.3	39.71	1.01	39.31
秸秆Straw	6.86	7.41	0.9	37.08	0.36	103.0

表2 堆肥试验设计

Table 2 Experimental design of composting

编号 Number	处理组 Processing group	物料组成 Material composition
1	T₁	猪粪+秸秆+菌糠(5%)+水
2	T₂	猪粪+秸秆+菌糠(10%)+水
3	T₃	猪粪+秸秆+菌糠(15%)+水
4	CK	猪粪+秸秆+水

表3 各评价指标定义标准

Table 3 Definition standard of each evaluation index

	含水率 Moisture content (%)	pH值 pH value	有机质 Organic matter (%)	种子发芽指数 Seed germination index (%)	全氮 Total nitrogen (%)
未腐熟Immature	60	8	70	15	20
基本腐熟Basic maturity	55	8.5	65	40	25
较好腐熟Better maturity	40	8.8	60	60	30
完全腐熟Complete decay	20	9	55	80	35

图1 不同处理堆体温度与环境温度变化

Fig.1 Variation of reactor temperature and ambient temperature under different treatments

图2 不同处理堆体pH值变化

Fig.2 pH value variation of different treatment reactors

图3 不同处理堆体电导率变化

Fig.3 Conductivity change diagram of different treatment reactors

图4 不同处理堆体有机质变化

Fig.4 Variation of organic matter in different treatments

图5 不同堆体全氮变化

Fig.5 Total nitrogen variation of different reactors

图6 不同堆体全磷变化

Fig.6 Total phosphorus variation of different reactors

图7 不同堆体全钾变化

Fig.7 Variation of total potassium in different reactors

图8 不同处理堆体种子发芽指数变化

Fig.8 Change of seed germination index of different treatment heaps

图9 CK组堆肥初期(左)与末期(右)红外光谱

Fig.9 Infrared spectra of early (left) and late (right) composting of CK group

图10 T1处理组堆肥初期(左)与末期(右)红外光谱

Fig.10 Infrared spectra of T1 treatment group at the beginning (left) and end (right) of composting

图11 T2处理组堆肥初期(左)与末期(右)红外光谱

Fig.11 Infrared spectrum of the initial (left) and the end (right) of composting in T2 treatment group

图12 T3处理组堆肥初期(左)与末期(右)红外光谱

Fig.12 Infrared spectrum of T3 treatment group at the beginning (left) and end (right) of composting

表4 模糊综合评价结果

Table 4 Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results

试验分组 Test grouping	未腐熟 Immature	基本腐熟 Basic maturity	较好腐熟 Better maturity	完全腐熟 Complete decay	所属级别 Level
CK	0	0.125	0.138 4	0.126 9	较好腐熟
T₁	0.130 3	0	0	0.13	未腐熟
T₂	0.131 7	0	0	0.125 9	未腐熟
T₃	0.134 2	0	0	0.128 2	未腐熟

表5 灰色关联度评价

Table 5 Evaluation results of grey correlation degree

试验分组 Test grouping	未腐熟 Immature	基本腐熟 Basic maturity	较好腐熟 Better maturity	完全腐熟 Complete decay	所属级别 Level
CK	0.777 4	0.776 9	0.799 9	0.792 6	较好腐熟
T₁	0.749 4	0.919 3	0.953 3	0.967 4	完全腐熟
T₂	0.863 8	0.959 5	0.976 9	0.984	完全腐熟
T₃	0.871 3	0.963 3	0.979 2	0.985 6	完全腐熟

参考文献 15

[1]	雷琬莹, 李敏娜, 何东锐, 等. 黑木耳菌糠与牛粪不同配比对堆肥养分性状及发芽指数的影响[J]. 东北农业科学, 2021, 46(1):52-56,93.
	LEI Wanying, LI Minna, HE Dongrui, et al. Effects of different proportions of fungus bran and cow dung on nutrient properties and germination index of compost[J]. Northeast Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 46(1): 52-56,93.
[2]	张邦喜, 罗文海, 杨仁德, 等. 添加菌糠对鸡粪-烟末堆肥腐熟度及污染气体排放的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2020, 34(11):2578-2586. DOI
	ZHANG Bangxi, LUO Wenhai, YANG Rende, et al. The effect of adding bran on the maturity and emission of polluted gases in chicken manure tobacco compost[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agriculture, 2020, 34(11): 2578-2586.
[3]	王艮梅, 黄松杉, 王良桂, 等. 菌渣好氧堆肥过程中腐熟度指标及红外光谱的动态变化[J]. 生态环境学报, 2019, 28(12):2416-2424.
	WANG Genmei, HUANG Songshan, WANG Lianggui, et al. Dynamic changes of maturity index and infrared spectrum during aerobic composting of bacterial residue[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 28(12): 2416-2424.
[4]	周江明, 王利通, 徐庆华, 等. 适宜猪粪与菌渣配比提高堆肥效率[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(7):201-207.
	ZHOU Jiangming, WANG Litong, XU Qinghua, et al. Suitable ratio of pig manure and mushroom residue to improve composting efficiency[J]. Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(7): 201-207.
[5]	丁立彤, 倪圣亚, 薛民琪, 等. 秸秆栽培大球盖菇菌糠栽培水稻生态循环栽培模式[J]. 食用菌, 2011, 33(5):37-39.
	DING Litong, NI Shengya, XUE Minqi, et al. Ecological cycle cultivation mode of rice with straw cultivation and mushroom chaff cultivation[J]. Edible Fungi, 2011, 33(5): 37-39.
[6]	张津. 菌剂和调理剂对番茄秸秆与鸡粪堆腐性能及肥效的影响研究[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2013.
	ZHANG Jin. Effects Of Microbial Agents And Conditioners On Composting Performance And Fertilizer Efficiency Of Tomato Straw And Chicken Manure[D]. Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 2013.
[7]	刘媛媛, 徐智, 陈卓君, 等. 外源添加磷石膏对堆肥碳组分及腐殖质品质的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2018, 37(11):2483-2490.
	LIU Yuanyuan, XU Zhi, CHEN Zhuojun, et al. Effects of exogenous phosphogypsum on carbon components and humus quality of compost[J]. Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science, 2018, 37(11): 2483-2490.
[8]	陈雪娇, 王宇蕴, 徐智, 等. 不同磷石膏添加比例对稻壳与油枯堆肥过程的影响及基质化利用的评价[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2018, 37(5):1001-1008.
	CHEN Xuejiao, WANG Yuyun, XU Zhi, et al. Effect of different proportion of phosphogypsum on composting process of rice husk and oil wilt and evaluation of substrate utilization[J]. Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science, 2018, 37(5): 1001-1008.
[9]	席奇豪, 樊文欣, 吕伟, 等. 基于灰色关联度的强力旋压成形工艺参数优化[J]. 热加工工艺, 2016, 45(15):129-132.
	XI Qihao, FAN Wenxin, LU Wei, et al. Process parameters optimization of power spinning based on grey relational degree[J]. Hot Working Process, 2016, 45(15): 129-132.
[10]	赵恺凝, 赵国柱, 国辉, 等. 园林废弃物堆肥化技术中微生物菌剂的功能与作用[J]. 生物技术通报, 2016, 32(1):41-48. DOI
	ZHAO Kaining, ZHAO Guozhu, GUO Hui, et al. The function and function of microbial agents in garden waste composting technology[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2016, 32(1): 41-48. DOI
[11]	徐华, 张茹, 刘连亮, 等. 辣木籽油脂微波提取工艺优化及其脂质分析[J]. 核农学报, 2018, 32(7):1393-1399. DOI
	XU Hua, ZHANG Ru, LIU Lianliang, et al. Microwave extraction optimization and lipid analysis of horseradish seed oil[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agriculture, 2018, 32(7): 1393-1399
[12]	张红玉, 马志宏, 李国学, 等. 菌、热及菌热联合对垃圾堆肥腐熟的比较分析[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(7):1430-1435.
	ZHANG Hongyu, MA Zhihong, LI Guoxue, et al. Comparative analysis of compost maturity by bacteria, heat and bacteria heat combination[J]. Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science, 2011, 30(7): 1430-1435.
[13]	秦莉, 沈玉君, 李国学, 等. 不同C/N比对堆肥腐熟度和含氮气体排放变化的影响[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2009, 28(12):2668-2673.
	QIN Li, SHEN Yujun, LI Guoxue, et al. Effects of different C / N ratios on compost maturity and nitrogen-containing gas emissions[J]. Journal of Agricultural Environmental Sciences, 2009, 28(12): 2668-2673.
[14]	Guo R, Li G X, Jiang T, et al. Effect of aeration rate,C / N ratio and moisture content on the stability and maturity of compost[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 112: 171-178 DOI URL
[15]	戴美玲, 江涛, 谭美, 等. 微生物菌剂对菜粕堆肥的影响及堆肥腐熟度评价[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2020,(2):29-32,36.
	DAI Meiling, JIANG Tao, TAN Mei, et al. Effect of microbial agents on rapeseed meal composting and evaluation of composting maturity[J]. Hunan Agricultural Sciences, 2020,(2): 29-32,36

菌糠对猪粪好氧堆肥的腐熟度指标影响及评价分析

Effects of Bacterial Bran on Maturity Index of Aerobic Composting of Pig Manure and Its Relevant Evaluation Analysis

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 17

参考文献 15

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	刘衍晨, 刘志刚, 白新慧, 乔鹏, 徐诚, 白慧敏, 张娟. 蛭石复混基质对辣椒育苗的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1190-1199.
[2]	田敬宇, 高雁, 高兴旺, 曾军, 赵鹏安, 苏比努尔·居来提. 哈密瓜种植对根际土壤细菌群落组成和多样性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1253-1262.
[3]	高倩, 王亚梅, 吴平凡, 张红美, 周岭. 基于近红外光谱的果树残枝纤维组分含量分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(8): 2025-2032.
[4]	胡文冉, 杨洋, 李波, 郝晓燕, 赵准, 邵武奎, 黄全生. 化学预处理与傅里叶变换红外光谱相结合分析棉花纤维细胞壁组分[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 261-268.
[5]	郑亚楠, 姚永生, 古丽热娅尼·阿斯哈尔, 安世杰, 李延霞, 支金虎. 不同改良措施对沙质土壤颗粒组成及分形特征的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(9): 1665-1671.
[6]	梁萌, 王志方, 马健, 李晨华. 还田棉秆腐解与土壤理化性质对氮肥施用的响应特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(8): 1427-1434.
[7]	鲁伟丹, 李俊华, 陈丽丽, 罗彤, 何浩, 张宇良. 有机肥替代20%化肥处理对滴灌春小麦产量及土壤养分的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(5): 814-821.
[8]	杨植, 王振磊, 林敏娟. 基于近红外光谱技术的红枣水分无损检测[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(12): 2320-2326.
[9]	高雁, 张永强, 张志东, 唐琦勇, 楚敏, 欧提库尔·玛合木提, 詹发强, 朱静, 宋素琴, 顾美英. 功能性微生物菌剂对小麦生长和根际土壤生态的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(1): 115-124.
[10]	顾美英, 徐万里, 张志东, 唐光木, 刘洪亮, 李志强, 刘晓伟, 蒲胜海, 冯雷, 张计峰. 施用棉秆炭连作棉花根际土壤真菌多样性与土壤理化性质及黄萎病的相关性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(9): 1698-1709.
[11]	阎聪, 朱荣光, 黄昆鹏, 邱园园, 范中建, 孟令峰. 羊肉近红外光谱采集质量的影响因素[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(5): 974-980.
[12]	王林娜, 景春梅, 张玲, 席琳乔. 不同种植年限紫花苜蓿和棉花轮作对土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(8): 1523-1530.
[13]	邱园园, 朱荣光, 黄昆鹏, 范中建, 阎聪, 孟令峰. 真空包装冷却羊肉pH值和颜色的近红外快速无损检测[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(11): 2092-2099.
[14]	顾美英, 唐光木, 冯雷, 孙宁川, 马海刚, 廖娜, 徐万里. 南疆野生黑果枸杞果实抗氧化成分与土壤理化性质、微生物特征的相关性[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2017, 54(10): 1930-1940.
[15]	秦蓓;王雅琴;唐光木;刘会芳;徐万里. 施用棉秆炭对新疆盐渍化土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响[J]. , 2016, 53(12): 2290-2298.