高、低产蛋量伊犁鹅血清激素与生化指标及卵巢发育差异比较

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究高、低产蛋量伊犁鹅血清生殖激素、生化指标及卵巢发育的差异,为伊犁鹅产蛋性状的辅助选育提供参考依据。【方法】 选择处于产蛋期的高、低产蛋量伊犁鹅各20只,测定其相关血清参数,再分别从高产组和低产组中挑选10只伊犁鹅进行屠宰,取其卵巢样品,进行组织切片观察。【结果】 (1)在血清生殖激素方面,HEP组伊犁鹅血清中GnRH、LH、FSH、E₂及P₄水平均极显著高于LEP组(P<0.01),PRL水平则差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)在血清生化指标方面,HEP组伊犁鹅血清中ALP和ALT活性以及TP、Cr、UA、GLU、TG、Ca及Pi含量极显著高于LEP组(P<0.01);BUN含量显著高于LEP组(P<0.05),TC含量则差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)在卵巢切片方面,HEP组伊犁鹅各级卵泡发育活跃,生长卵泡较多,卵泡光滑圆润,颗粒层和膜层较厚;而LEP组伊犁鹅卵泡缺乏优势卵泡,原始卵泡和初级卵泡较多,一些卵泡向内凹陷、萎缩。【结论】 高、低产蛋量伊犁鹅的血清参数以及卵巢发育均存在显著差异。较高水平的GnRH、LH、FSH、E₂以及P₄;较高水平的ALP、ALT活性以及TP、Cr、UA、GLU、TG、Ca、Pi及BUN含量可作为伊犁鹅高产蛋量选育的血清参数指标。

关键词: 伊犁鹅; 生殖激素; 生化指标; 卵巢发育

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the differences of serum reproductive hormones, biochemical indicators and ovarian development between the high and low egg production of Xinjiang Yili geese in the hope of providing reference for the assisted selection of egg production traits of Xinjiang Yili geese. 【Methods】 20 geese were selected from the high and low egg production period, respectively, and their serum parameters were measured.Then 10 Yili geese were slaughtered from the high and low egg production groups, and their ovaries were taken for histological observation. 【Results】 (1) In terms of reproductive hormone,compared with LEP group,the levels of GnRH, LH, FSH, E₂ and P₄ in the serum of Xinjiang Yili geese in HEP group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01while the level of PRL was no significantly (P > 0.05).(2) In terms of serum biochemical with LEP group, ALP and ALT activities, TP, Cr, UA, Glu, TG, Ca and Pi contents in HEP group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), BUN contents significantly increased (P<0.05), while TC contents was no significantly (P > 0.05).(3) In terms of ovary section, the follicles of Yili geese in HEP group developed actively at all levels, with more growing follicles, smooth and round follicles, thick granular layer and film layer, while the follicles of Yili geese in LEP group lacked dominant follicles, with more primitive follicles and primary follicles, and some of them sunken and atrophied inward. 【Conclusion】 In conclusion, there are significant differences in serum parameters and ovarian development between Xinjiang Yili geese with high and low egg production.In addition, in terms of reproductive hormones, GnRH, LH, FSH, E₂ and P₄ were higher; In terms of biochemical indexes, the high level of ALP and ALT activity and the contents of TP, Cr, UA, GLU, TG, CA, Pi and BUN can be used as serum parameters for high-yield egg breeding of Xinjiang Yili goose.This study can provide reference for the assisted breeding of Xinjiang Yili.

Key words: Xinjiang Yili geese; reproductive hormone; biochemical index; ovarian development

中图分类号:

S835

吴盈萍, 杨奕凡, 李海英, 赵晓钰, 马彦涵, 陶美妮. 高、低产蛋量伊犁鹅血清激素与生化指标及卵巢发育差异比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 512-520.

WU Yingping, YANG Yifan, LI Haiying, ZHAO Xiaoyu, MA Yanhan, TAO Meini. Study on the Differences of Serum Hormones, Biochemical Indexes and Ovarian Development between the High and Low Egg Production of Xinjiang Yili Geese[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(2): 512-520.

图/表 6

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项目 Items	含量 Contents	营养水平⁽²⁾ Nutrient levels	含量 Contents
玉米Corn	57.84	代谢能/(MJ/kg)	11.02
豆粕Soybean meal	20.00	粗蛋白	15.20
赖氨酸Lysine	0.19	粗纤维	5.79
蛋氨酸Methionine	0.04	钙	2.39
苜蓿草粉Alfalfa meal	12.50	磷	0.42
脂肪粉Fat powder	2.00	有效磷	0.24
石粉Limestone	4.40	赖氨酸	0.84
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₄	0.03	蛋氨酸	0.32
预混料 Premix⁽¹⁾	3.00	蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸	0.57
合计 Total	100.00

项目 Items	含量 Contents	营养水平⁽²⁾ Nutrient levels	含量 Contents
玉米Corn	57.84	代谢能/(MJ/kg)	11.02
豆粕Soybean meal	20.00	粗蛋白	15.20
赖氨酸Lysine	0.19	粗纤维	5.79
蛋氨酸Methionine	0.04	钙	2.39
苜蓿草粉Alfalfa meal	12.50	磷	0.42
脂肪粉Fat powder	2.00	有效磷	0.24
石粉Limestone	4.40	赖氨酸	0.84
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₄	0.03	蛋氨酸	0.32
预混料 Premix⁽¹⁾	3.00	蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸	0.57
合计 Total	100.00

项目分组 Items Groups	LEP组 LEP group	HEP组 HEP group
促性腺激素释放激素 GnRH(ng/L)	146.45±20.62	239.46±40.81^**
促黄体素 LH(mIU/mL)	3.41±0.44	5.53±0.73^**
促卵泡素 FSH(mIU/mL)	13.09±0.99	17.99±2.08^**
雌二醇 E₂(ng/L)	51.00±5.34	72.92±9.06^**
孕酮 P₄(ng/mL)	5.50±0.61	6.55±0.30^**
催乳素 PRL(ng/mL)	22.20±3.68	27.79±3.90

项目分组 Items Groups	LEP组 LEP group	HEP组 HEP group
促性腺激素释放激素 GnRH(ng/L)	146.45±20.62	239.46±40.81^**
促黄体素 LH(mIU/mL)	3.41±0.44	5.53±0.73^**
促卵泡素 FSH(mIU/mL)	13.09±0.99	17.99±2.08^**
雌二醇 E₂(ng/L)	51.00±5.34	72.92±9.06^**
孕酮 P₄(ng/mL)	5.50±0.61	6.55±0.30^**
催乳素 PRL(ng/mL)	22.20±3.68	27.79±3.90

项目分组	LEP组	HEP组
总蛋白 TP(g/L)	58.37±13.44	72.33±12.08^**
碱性磷酸酶 ALP(金氏单位/100mL)	14.11±3.52	19.50±4.43^**
谷丙转氨酶 ALT(U/L)	5.99±2.05	7.48±1.12^**
肌酐 Cr(μmol/L)	30.48±5.51	39.05±9.7^**
尿酸 UA(μmol/L)	332.58±43.14	555.86±67.96^**
尿素氮 BUN(mmol/L)	0.87±0.28	1.16±0.47^*
葡萄糖 GLU(mmol/L)	11.07±1.92	13.69±3.61^**
甘油三酯 TG(mmol/L)	0.90±0.31	2.40±0.62^**
总胆固醇 TC(mmol/L)	4.44±1.09	5.03±1.34
钙 Ca(mmol/L)	2.14±0.18	2.71±0.45^**
磷 Pi(mmol/L)	1.92±0.59	3.13±0.79^**