拉枝、环割(剥)对干旱荒漠区富士苹果成花坐果的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.06.012

新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (6): 1071-1077.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.06.012

• 园艺特产·贮藏保鲜加工·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

拉枝、环割(剥)对干旱荒漠区富士苹果成花坐果的影响

张琦^1,2, 陈俊¹, 杨梦宇¹, 袁振杨¹

1.塔里木大学植物科学学院南疆特色果树高效优质栽培与深加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300;
2.塔里木大学兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2020-04-29 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-06-15
通信作者: 张琦(19-),男,教授,研究方向为果树栽培生理生态,(E-mail)1041805650@qq.com
作者简介:陈俊(1993-),男,陕西紫阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为果树栽培生理生态,(E-mail)1014227856@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团师域发展创新引导计划(2017BA036)

Effects of Branching and Ring-Cutting (Stripping) on Flowering and Fruit Setting of Fuji Apple in Arid Desert Area

ZHANG Qi^1,2, CHEN Jun¹, YANG Mengyu¹, YUAN Zhenyang ¹

1. National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High - quality and High - quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Special Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang, School of Plant Science, Tarim Univer-sity, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China;
2. Tarim Basin Key Laboratory of Biological Resource Protection and Utili-zation, Tarim University, Alar Xinjiang 843300, China

Received:2020-04-29 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-06-15
Correspondence author: ZHANG Qi(19-),male,(E-mail)1041805650@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究拉枝、环割(剥)对干旱荒漠区富士苹果成花坐果的影响,为干旱荒漠区富士苹果促花促果技术的推广提供依据。【方法】以4年生富士苹果幼树为试材,采用拉枝+主枝环剥和拉枝+主枝、主干环割的方式促花促果。【结果】富士苹果幼树的树高较对照显著降低,冠径较对照显著减小,中心延长枝与主枝延长枝长度较对照显著缩短;1年生枝量分别是对照的1.99和2.59倍,短枝率分别比对照增加了20.87和23.42个百分点;单株成花率分别比对照增加了43.00和47.00个百分点,单株花芽量分别是对照的3.59和4.68倍,单株花序坐果率分别比对照增加了6.47和8.07个百分点;新梢叶片的叶长、叶宽及叶面积较对照显著减小,叶绿素SPAD值较对照显著降低。【结论】拉枝+主枝环剥和拉枝+主枝、主干环割处理既可控制富士苹果幼树的树冠大小,抑制新梢生长,增加枝量,促生短枝;又可提高单株、主枝以及长、中、短枝的花芽量、成花率、坐果率;还能抑制新梢叶片的生长和叶绿素的合成,其中以拉枝+主枝、主干环割处理的促花效果更好。

关键词: 富士苹果; 拉枝; 环割; 环剥; 成花坐果

Abstract: 【Objective】 The growth habit of Fuji apple is not easy for young trees to become flower fruit, but the harsh environmental conditions in arid desert area of Xinjiang aggravate this phenomenon, so the purpose of this project aims to solve the problem of difficulty in fruit flowering formation and fruit setting of young Fuji apple trees. 【Methods】 Four-year-old Fuji apple samplings were used as test materials, and the methods of pulling branches + main branches ring stripping and pulling branches + main branches and trunk ring cutting were used to promote flowering and fruiting.【Results】 【Conclusion】 Pulling branch + main branch ring stripping and pulling branch + main branch and trunk ring cutting treatment could not only control the crown size of Fuji apple young tree, inhibit new growth, increase branch quantity, promote short branch growth; The amount of flower buds, flowering rate and fruit setting rate of the plant, main branch and long, medium and short branches; but also inhibit the growth of new leaves and the synthesis of chlorophyll. Among them, the flower-promoting effect is better by pulling the branch +main branch and trunk ring cutting treatment.

Key words: Fuji apple; pulling branch; ring cutting; ring stripping; flowering fruit

中图分类号:

S661.1

张琦, 陈俊, 杨梦宇, 袁振杨. 拉枝、环割(剥)对干旱荒漠区富士苹果成花坐果的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(6): 1071-1077.

ZHANG Qi, CHEN Jun, YANG Mengyu, YUAN Zhenyang. Effects of Branching and Ring-Cutting (Stripping) on Flowering and Fruit Setting of Fuji Apple in Arid Desert Area[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(6): 1071-1077.

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拉枝、环割(剥)对干旱荒漠区富士苹果成花坐果的影响

Effects of Branching and Ring-Cutting (Stripping) on Flowering and Fruit Setting of Fuji Apple in Arid Desert Area

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