啤酒花挥发油成分及其杀螨活性分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.06.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】测定4种植物精油的杀螨毒力,分析其有效成分,为新型植物性杀螨剂的研究提供理论依据。【方法】通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取4种植物精油,叶片浸渍法测定不同植物精油对土耳其斯坦叶螨的毒力。【结果】啤酒花、香青兰精油对土耳其斯坦叶螨的触杀活性较好,LC₅₀分别为13.30、26.28 mg/mL,其中啤酒花的活性最好;驱虫斑鸠菊、欧洲鳞毛蕨精油的触杀活性较弱,LC₅₀分别为47.50、83.09 mg/mL。通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对活性植物啤酒花的精油进行成分分析,从啤酒花精油中分离鉴定出48个化合物,主要成分为1a, 2, 5, 5-四甲基-反式-1a, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 8-六氢-γ-铬烯(17.15%)、(S, E)-3, 7, 11-三甲基-6, 10-十二碳二烯酸甲酯(8.26%)以及石竹烯氧化物(7.99%)等。【结论】啤酒花精油杀螨活性较好,具有开发为天然杀螨剂的潜力。

关键词: 啤酒花; 精油; 土耳其斯坦叶螨; 触杀活性

Abstract: 【Objective】 To determine the toxicity of 4 kinds of plant essential oils and to analyze the active components in the hope providing theoretical basis for the study of new plant acaricide.【Method】 Four kinds of plant essential oils were extracted by steam distillation, and the toxicity of different plant essential oils against the spider mite, Tetranychus turkestani, was determined by leaves-immersion bioassays.【Result】 The result of the study showed that two essential oils of Humulus lupulus L., Dracocephalum moldavica L. exhibited strong contact toxicity against adult T. turkestani with LC₅₀ (median lethal concentration) value of 13.30 and 26.28 mg/mL, the activity of Ver-nohia anthelmintica (L.) willd essential oil with the LC₅₀ value of 47.50 mg/mL, was weak, the worst activity was Dryopteris filix-mas with the LC₅₀ value of 83.09 mg/mL. The commercial essential oil of H. lupulus was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 48 compounds were identified, and the main components of the essential oil of H. lupulus were 1a, 2, 5, 5, Tetramethyl-trans-1a, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 8-hexahydro-gamma-chromene (17.15%), (S, E)-3, 7, 11-Trimethyl-6, 10-dodecadienoic acid methyl ester (8.26%) and Caryophyllene oxide (7.99%)【Conclusion】 The study indicates that the essential oil of H. lupulus has potential to be developed into natural acaricide for the control of spider mites.

Key words: Humulus lupulus; essential oil; Tetranychus turkestani; contact toxicity

中图分类号:

S477⁺9

赵娜娜, 傅文佳, 路伟, 古丽米热, 杜书亚. 啤酒花挥发油成分及其杀螨活性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(6): 1142-1150.

ZHAO Nana, FU Wenjia, LU Wei, Gvlmira Amat, DU Shuya. Chemical Composition and Toxicity of the Essential Oil derived from Humulus lupulus against Tetranychus turkestani[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(6): 1142-1150.

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