3种杀螨剂与双尾新小绥螨联合防治棉叶螨

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2020.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究3种杀螨剂对双尾新小绥螨Neoseiulus bicaudus和土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani的毒力,筛选出1种对土耳其斯坦叶螨毒性高而对双尾新小绥螨毒性低的安全药剂,测定安全药剂与双尾新小绥螨单独和两者联合应用对土耳其斯坦叶螨的田间控害效果,为协调应用化学防治与生物防治提供理论依据。【方法】室内采用喷雾法测定3种杀螨剂对双尾新小绥螨雌成螨和土耳其斯坦叶螨雌成螨的LC₅₀值,田间试验测定丁氟螨酯与双尾新小绥螨联合应用对土耳其斯坦叶螨的控害效果。【结果】炔螨特对土耳其斯坦叶螨雌成螨与双尾新小绥螨雌成螨的LC₅₀分别是306.028和1 197 mg/L;螺螨酯对土耳其斯坦叶螨雌成螨的LC₅₀是326.394 mg/L,在1 200 mg/L的高浓度下,双尾新小绥螨雌成螨的死亡率仅为13.80%;丁氟螨酯对土耳其斯坦叶螨雌成螨的LC₅₀是65.081 mg/L,在1 000 mg/L的高浓度下,双尾新小绥螨雌成螨的死亡率仅为12.71%。先施用丁氟螨酯后释放双尾新小绥螨的联防一区对棉叶螨的防治效果在57.00%以上,最高达到了93.34%,均高于先释放双尾小绥螨后施用丁氟螨酯的联防二区,明显好于只释放双尾新小绥螨的生防区和只施用丁氟螨酯的化防区。相比于化防区,生防区在试验后期的防治效果更好,最高达到了77.06%。【结论】丁氟螨酯是一种对土耳其斯坦叶螨毒性高而对双尾新小绥螨毒性低的安全药剂,在田间与双尾新小绥螨联合应用中对土耳其斯坦叶螨有良好的控制效果。利用不同药剂对害螨与捕食螨的毒性差异,最大限度的保护了捕食螨。协调化学防治与生物防治联合应用减少了化学药剂的使用次数,保障捕食螨发挥持续控害的作用。

关键词: 双尾新小绥螨; 土耳其斯坦叶螨; 杀螨剂; 毒力; 联合防治

Abstract: 【Objective】 To determine the toxicity of three kinds of acaricides on Neoseiulus bicaudus and Tetranychus turkestaniand to screen out a safe chemical acaricide with a high toxicity to T. turkestani but with a low toxicity to the N. bicaudus. On the basis, to determine the field control effect of the safety acaricide and N. bicaudus separate and combined use of both against the T. turkestani in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the coordinated application of chemical control and biological control.【Method】The LC₅₀ value of the three kinds of acaricides against the female adult mites of N. bicaudus and the female adult mites of T. turkestani was determined by spray method in the laboratory, and the control effect of the combination of cyflumetofen and N. bicaudus on the T. turkestani was determined by field experiment.【Result】In the laboratory, the LC₅₀ of propargite to the female adult mites of N. bicaudus and the female adult mites of T. turkestani was 306.028 mg/L and 1,197 mg/L, respectively. The LC₅₀ of spirodiclofen to female adult mites of T. turkestani was 326.394 mg/L. At a high concentration of 1,200 mg/L, the mortality rate of female adult mites of N. bicaudus was only 13.80%. The LC₅₀ of cyflumetofen to the female adult mites of T. turkestani was 65.081 mg/L, and the mortality rate of the female adult of N. bicaudus was only 12.71% at a high concentration of 1,000 mg/L. In field experiment, the control effect of the first zone of combined defense experimental plot in which N. bicaudus was released after the first application of cyflumetofen on T. turkestani was more than 57.00%, and the highest control effect reached 93.34%, the result of which showed it was all higher than those in the second zone of the combined control that applying cyflumetofen after N. bicaudus was lreleased. It was significantly better than that of the biocontrol zone with the release of N. bicaudus only and that of the chemical control zone with the application of cyflumetofen only. Compared with the chemical control area, the control effect of the biological control area was better in the later stage of the experiment, reaching a maximum of 77.06%.【Conclusion】Cyflumetofen is a safe acaricide with high toxicity to T. turkestani and low toxicity to N. bicaudus. It has a good control effect to T. turkestani in the field combined with N. bicaudus. The toxicity differences of different acaricides to spider mites and predator mites were used to protect the predator mites to the maximum extent and achieve the purpose of “controlling spider mites and protecting predator mites”. The combined application of chemical control and biological control can reduce the application times of chemical acarides. At the same time, it ensures that the predatory mites can play the role of continuous spider mites control and achieve a good control effect.

Key words: Neoseiulus bicaudus; Tetranychus turkestani; acaricide; toxicity; combined control

中图分类号:

S476⁺.4

符振实, 白洪瑞, 唐思琼, 苏杰, 陈静, 陆宴辉, 张建萍. 3种杀螨剂与双尾新小绥螨联合防治棉叶螨[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2020, 57(6): 1127-1135.

FU Zhenshi, BAI Hongrui, TANG Siqiong, SU Jie, CHEN Jing, LU Yanhui, ZHANG Jianping. Combined Control of Cotton Spider Mites by Three Kinds of Acaricides and Neoseiulus bicaudus[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(6): 1127-1135.

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