Abstract:

【Objective】 To investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus contamination in a geese slaughterhouse located in southern Xinjiang by analyzing the virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, and typing of the isolated strains. The investigation results of pollution in different links are helpful to analyze the key control points of pollution in slaughtering and processing links, and can effectively prevent and control the outbreak of foodborne diseases. 【Methods】 A total of 153 samples (including swabs and meat samples taken from knives, workers' hands, production equipment, goose carcasses) were collected in the goose slaughterhouse. The isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus were achieved by combining traditional culture methods with PCR technology. Simultaneously, 12 enterotoxin genes were identified, along with the detection of staphylococcal protein A. The resistance of 12 types of antibiotics was investigated using the AGAR dilution method. 【Results】 From this goose abattoir, a total of 49 strains of S. aureus were isolated and identified, resulting in an isolation rate of 32.0%. The highest isolation rate of 40.0% (22/55) was found in goose carcasses, followed by 36.0% (9/25) in worker's hands, 34.3% (12/35) in production utensils, 20.0% (2/10) in knives, and 14.3% (4/28) in goose meat. All isolates consisted of seven clonotypes (t078, t034, t502, t701, t1376, t002, and t091) and three unidentified subtypes. Seven enterotoxin genes were identified, with seb (26.5%), seg (46.9%), sei (32.7%), sem (24.5%), and seu (28.6%) genes being commonly discovered. The drug sensitivity results revealed that 49 strains of S. aureus exhibited multi-drug resistance, with resistance rates to ampicillin, azithromycin, sulfisoxazole, and ciprofloxacin ranging from 73.50% to 49.0%. The multi-drug resistance was mainly triple and quadruple resistance, and the highest was seven-fold resistance. 【Conclusion】 Staphylococcus aureus is seriously contaminated in goose slaughterhouses, and cross-contamination occurs in different processing links. The contamination rate of goose carcasses is the highest, which accounts for 40.0%. The isolates are mainly classified as t078, t034 and t502. Staphylococcus aureus isolates carries a variety of enterotoxins, and 63.3% of isolates show multiple drug resistance.

Key words: goose; slaughtering and processing chain; Staphylococcus aureus; molecular characteristics; drug resistance

摘要：

【目的】分析南疆某鹅屠宰场中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染情况,并对分离株的毒力基因、耐药性及分型进行研究,为分析屠宰加工环节中污染的关键控制点、有效预防和控制食源性疾病的爆发提供参考。【方法】在新疆某鹅屠宰场共采集153份样品(包括采自刀具、工人手部、生产器具、鹅胴体的拭子和肉样),采用传统培养方法结合PCR技术进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定,同时检测12种肠毒素基因并进行葡萄球菌蛋白A(staphylococcal protein A,SPA)分型,采用琼脂稀释法调查12种抗生素的耐药性。【结果】从该鹅屠宰场分离鉴定出49株金黄色葡萄球菌,分离率为32.0%,其中鹅胴体分离率最高为40.0%(22/55),其次为工人手部36.0%(9/25)、生产器具34.3%(12/35)、刀具20.0%(2/10)、鹅肉14.3%(4/28)。所有分离菌株共有7种克隆型(t078、t034、t502、t701、t1376、t002和t091)和3种未知分型。有7种肠毒素基因被检出,其中seb(26.5%)、seg(46.9%)、sei(32.7%)、sem(24.5%)、seu(28.6%)基因常被检出。49株金黄色葡萄球菌呈现出多重耐药性,对氨苄西林、阿奇霉素、磺胺异恶唑、环丙沙星耐药率在73.50%~49.00%,多重耐药以三重和四重耐药为主,最高可达七重耐药。【结论】鹅屠宰场金黄色葡萄球菌污染严重,不同加工环节存在交叉污染的现象,所采样品中鹅胴体污染率最高,为40.0%。分离株主要为t078和t034、t502分型,分离的金黄色葡萄球菌携带多种肠毒素,并且63.3%的分离株表现出多重耐药。

关键词: 鹅, 屠宰加工环节, 金黄色葡萄球菌, 分子特征, 耐药性