Laboratory screening of tomato resistant varieties and control fungicides against tomato Fusarium solani root rot caused by Fusarium solani

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.023

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Tomato root rot caused by Fusarium solani widely occurs in northwestern China, which has resulted serious negative effects, in view of this, this project aims to provide support for the prevention and control of that by screening excellent resistant varieties and fungicides.【Methods】 Fusarium solani, the dominant pathogen of tomato root rot in northwestern China, was chosen as the target, pot-culture method was used to identify the resistance of 33 tomato varieties, the incidence rate and disease index of them were counted to conduct their resistance grades. The virulence effects of 7 fungicides were measured by mycelium growth rate inhibition method, and their field control effects were determined by root-filling method.【Results】 Yuanminghongyunv and Taiwanfenyunv were resistant varieties, their incidence were the same with 27.77%, and their disease indexes were 9.70 and 13.90, respectively. Besides, Moguiyingtao and Fenguan 1 Jingpinhongmeimu were middle resistant varieties(MR), while the others were with poorer resistance. 7 kinds of fungicides had different inhibitory effects on Fusarium solani, and among them, 12.5% diniconazole WP had the strongest toxicity against Fusarium solani, with inhibition rate reached 79.80%, EC₅₀ was 24.86 μg/mL, and the highest field control effect reached 47.52%. The toxicity of 30% thiazenol copper pentazolol SC and 15% triazolone WP were lower, with EC₅₀ 30.93 μg/mL and 38.46 μg/mL, field control effects were 45.89% and 43.95%, respectively.【Conclusion】 Yuanminghongyunv and Taiwanfenyunv were resistant varieties, and diniconazole has excellent control effect for tomato Fusarium solani root rot.

Key words: tomato root rot; Fusarium solani; resistant varieties; fungicides screening

摘要：

【目的】针对我国西北地区广泛发生、为害严重番茄茄镰孢(Fusarium solani)根腐病,筛选优良的番茄抗病品种及药剂,为其防治提供理论依据与参考。【方法】以茄镰孢为靶标菌,采用盆栽法鉴定33个番茄品种抗性,统计番茄根腐病发病率、病情指数等指标,并进行抗性分级;菌丝生长速率法测定7种药剂毒力效果,灌根法测定药剂田间防效。【结果】元明红玉女和台湾粉玉女为抗性(R)品种,发病率均为27.77%,病情指数分别为9.70、13.90,魔鬼樱桃、粉冠1号、精品红美女为中抗(MR),而其他品种抗性较差。7种药剂对茄镰孢具不同程度抑制效果,12.5%烯唑醇可湿性粉剂对茄镰孢抑菌率可达79.80%,EC₅₀为 24.86 μg/mL,对番茄镰孢根腐病田间防效达47.52%;30%噻森铜·戊唑醇悬浮剂、15%三唑酮可湿性粉剂EC₅₀分别为30.93、38.46 μg/mL,田间防效为45.89%、43.95%。【结论】元明红玉女和台湾粉玉女为番茄茄镰孢根腐病抗性品种;烯唑醇对番茄茄镰孢有良好防效。

关键词: 番茄根腐病, 茄镰孢, 抗性品种, 药剂筛选

CLC Number:

S436.412

MA Jiaxuan, LI Xueping, LI Xiao, XU Shiyang, LI Jianjun, YANG Chengde, MENG Huan, QI Yonghong. Laboratory screening of tomato resistant varieties and control fungicides against tomato Fusarium solani root rot caused by Fusarium solani[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(5): 1249-1257.

马佳璇, 李雪萍, 李潇, 许世洋, 李建军, 杨成德, 孟欢, 漆永红. 番茄茄镰孢根腐病抗性品种鉴定及防治药剂筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(5): 1249-1257.

Figures/Tables 5

References 40

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品种抗性分级 Varietal resistance classification	病情指数(DI) Disease index
免疫 Immunity(I)	DI= 0
抗病 Resistance(R)	0 < DI≤ 20
中抗 Middle resistance(MR)	20 < DI≤ 30
中感 Middle susceptibility(MS)	30 < DI≤ 40
感病 Susceptibility(S)	40 < DI≤ 60
高感 High Susceptibility(HS)	DI> 60

品种抗性分级 Varietal resistance classification	病情指数(DI) Disease index
免疫 Immunity(I)	DI= 0
抗病 Resistance(R)	0 < DI≤ 20
中抗 Middle resistance(MR)	20 < DI≤ 30
中感 Middle susceptibility(MS)	30 < DI≤ 40
感病 Susceptibility(S)	40 < DI≤ 60
高感 High Susceptibility(HS)	DI> 60

处理Treatments	稀释倍数 Dilution ratio & 药剂浓度 Fungicide concentration(μg/mL)
80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂 80% carbendazim WP	1 000 & 800.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 400.00	4 000 & 200.00	6 000 & 133.33	8 000 & 100.00
70%烯酰·嘧菌酯水分散粒剂 70% enoyl azoxystrobin WG	1 000 & 200.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 100.00	3 000 & 66.67	4 000 & 50.00	5 000 & 40.00
60%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂 60% phenoxymeclozole WG	1 000 & 600.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 300.00	3 000 & 200.00	4 000 & 150.00	5 000 & 120.00
30%噻森铜·戊唑醇悬浮剂 30% thiazenol copper pentazolol SC	500 & 200.00⁽¹⁾	1 000 & 100.00	1 500 & 66.67	2 000 & 50.00	2 500 & 40.00
15%三唑酮可湿性粉剂 15% triazolone WP	1 000 & 150.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 75.00	3 000 & 50.00	4 000 & 37.50	5 000 & 30.00
58%甲霜灵·代森锰锌可湿性粉剂 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb WP	500 & 1160.00⁽¹⁾	1 000 & 580.00	1 500 & 386.67	2 000 & 290.00	2 500 & 232.00
12.5%烯唑醇可湿性粉剂 12.5% diniconazole WP	1 000 & 125.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 62.50	3 000 & 41.67	4 000 & 31.25	5 000 & 25.00
CK	-	-	-	-	-

处理Treatments	稀释倍数 Dilution ratio & 药剂浓度 Fungicide concentration(μg/mL)
80%多菌灵可湿性粉剂 80% carbendazim WP	1 000 & 800.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 400.00	4 000 & 200.00	6 000 & 133.33	8 000 & 100.00
70%烯酰·嘧菌酯水分散粒剂 70% enoyl azoxystrobin WG	1 000 & 200.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 100.00	3 000 & 66.67	4 000 & 50.00	5 000 & 40.00
60%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂 60% phenoxymeclozole WG	1 000 & 600.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 300.00	3 000 & 200.00	4 000 & 150.00	5 000 & 120.00
30%噻森铜·戊唑醇悬浮剂 30% thiazenol copper pentazolol SC	500 & 200.00⁽¹⁾	1 000 & 100.00	1 500 & 66.67	2 000 & 50.00	2 500 & 40.00
15%三唑酮可湿性粉剂 15% triazolone WP	1 000 & 150.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 75.00	3 000 & 50.00	4 000 & 37.50	5 000 & 30.00
58%甲霜灵·代森锰锌可湿性粉剂 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb WP	500 & 1160.00⁽¹⁾	1 000 & 580.00	1 500 & 386.67	2 000 & 290.00	2 500 & 232.00
12.5%烯唑醇可湿性粉剂 12.5% diniconazole WP	1 000 & 125.00⁽¹⁾	2 000 & 62.50	3 000 & 41.67	4 000 & 31.25	5 000 & 25.00
CK	-	-	-	-	-

品种 Varieties	发病率 Incidence (%)	病情指数 Disease index	抗性分级 Resistance classification
元明红玉女 Yuanminghongyunv	27.77±5.53ⁱ	9.70±1.40^k	R
台湾粉玉女 Taiwanfenyunv	27.77±5.53ⁱ	13.90±1.40^k	R
魔鬼樱桃 Moguiyingtao	38.90±11.10^ghi	20.83±6.38^jk	MR
粉冠1号 Fenguan 1	44.43±11.13^fghi	22.23±3.68^ijk	MR
精品红美女 Jingpinhongmeinv	55.57±5.56^efgh	23.63±3.67^hijk	MR
元明粉玉女 Yuanmingfenyunv	55.57±5.57^efgh	31.97±5.02^ghij	MS
粉果番茄 Fenguofanqie	61.13±5.57^defg	33.33±4.82^ghij	MS
贼不偷绿宝石 Zeibutoulvbaoshi	55.57±5.57^efgh	34.70±1.40^fghij	MS
花绣球 Huaxiuqiu	66.70±0.00^cdef	34.73±3.68^fghij	MS
精品威尼斯 Jingpinweinisi	61.13±5.57^defg	34.73±5.02^fghij	MS
红玉189 Hongyu 189	55.57±5.57^efgh	34.73±7.72^fghij	MS
粉圣果 Fenshengguo	66.67±9.61^cdef	36.10±6.04^fghij	MS
黄色樱桃 Huangseyingtao	61.13±5.57^defg	37.50±6.36^fghij	MS
大黄金丽 Dahuangjinli	66.67±9.61^cdef	38.90±2.80^efghi	MS
美味樱桃 Meiweiyingtao	72.23±5.53^bcde	38.90±4.99^efghi	MS
黄圆小番茄 Huangyuanxiaofanqie	66.67±9.61^cdef	38.90±6.05^efghi	MS
F199	72.23±5.53^bcde	40.27±3.68^efgh	S
奇欧佳美 Qioujiamei	72.23±5.53^bcde	43.07±3.67^efg	S
黄洋梨 Huangyangli	77.77±5.53^abcde	44.43±6.07^defg	S
红五彩 Hongwucai	77.80±11.10^abcde	44.43±9.11^defg	S
法国红瑞娜 Faguohongruina	77.77±5.53^abcde	44.47±9.71^defg	S
中蔬4号 Zhongshu 4	77.77±5.53^abcde	45.83±2.39^cdefg	S
绿宝石 Lvbaoshi	72.23±5.53^bcde	45.83±8.67^cdefg	S
富丽 Fuli	77.77±5.53^abcde	47.23±5.02^cdefg	S
金童F1 Jintong F1	77.77±5.53^abcde	48.60±2.80^cdefg	S
元明黄娇子 Yuanminghuangjiaozi	83.33±9.61^abcd	52.80±6.04^bcdef	S
红色樱桃 Hongseyingtao	83.33±9.61^abcd	52.80±7.35^bcdef	S
改良春桃 Gailiangchuntao	88.87±5.57^abc	55.57±3.67^abcde	S
紫五彩 Ziwucai	88.87±5.57^abc	61.13±3.67^abcd	HS
托托斯加 Tuotuosijia	94.43±5.57^ab	62.50±6.36^abc	HS
紫圣果 Zishengguo	100.00±0.00^a	63.87±3.67^ab	HS
迷你紫圣果 Minizishengguo	100.00±0.00^a	63.90±1.40^ab	HS
千禧圣女果 Qianxishengnvguo	94.43±5.57^ab	65.27±2.77^a	HS