Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 775-780.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.03.028

• Animal Husbandry Veterinarian • Previous Articles    

Analysis of calving difficulty of Chinese Simmental Cattle in Yili area

HU Zexu1(), WANG Chuanjun2, ZHANG Xiaoxue1, ZHANG Menghua1, ZHANG Tao1, TAN Xueting1, SHANG Yanyan1, MA Kailun1, WANG Chengcheng2, ZHANG Guixia2, HUANG Xixia1()   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
    2. Xinjiang Yili Chuangjin Benniu Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Qapqal Xibe Autonomous County of Xinjiang 835200, China
  • Received:2024-09-18 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-05-14
  • Correspondence author: HUANG Xixia
  • Supported by:
    Third Comprehensive Scientific Investigation Project in Xinjiang(2022xjkk0502);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-36)

中国西门塔尔牛产犊影响因素分析

胡泽旭1(), 王传军2, 张晓雪1, 张梦华1, 张涛1, 谭雪婷1, 尚燕燕1, 马凯伦1, 王成成2, 张贵霞2, 黄锡霞1()   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆伊犁创锦犇牛牧业有限公司,新疆察布查尔 835200
  • 通讯作者: 黄锡霞
  • 作者简介:胡泽旭(1998-),男,新疆塔城人,研究生,研究方向为动物遗传育种,(E-mail) 3466331820@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0502);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36)

Abstract:

Objective】The calving difficulty of Simmental Cattle in China was analyzed by different parity, calving season, calf birth weight, calf sex and calving type.【Methods】Calving information of 18405 cows from 2018 to 2023 was collected from a large-scale cattle farm in Yili, Xinjiang and the least squares analysis of calving difficulty and ease factors was carried out by using SAS9.2 software.【Results】The parity had a significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01). Calving season had significant effect on calving difficulty (P < 0.05). The birth weight of calves had a significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01). The sex of calves had significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01). Calving type (singleton and twin) had a significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01).【Conclusion】The difficult childbirth rate of cows in spring and wither is higher than that in summer;Low temperatares in spring and winter make newborn calves more sensitive to harsh weather conditions;calves with lighter body weight have weaker adaptability to the external environment of the uterus conpared to calves with heavier boby weight; The difficulty of childbirth in male calves is generally higher than that in female calves.

Key words: Chinese Simmental Cattle; calving difficulty; parity; calving type; calf birth weight

摘要:

目的】分析不同胎次、产犊季节、犊牛初生重、犊牛性别和产犊类型对中国西门塔尔牛产犊的影响,降低牛场难产率。【方法】收集新疆伊犁某规模化牛场2018~2023年母牛产犊信息,共记录18 405条。采用SAS9.2软件对产犊因素进行最小二乘分析。【结果】胎次对产犊难易有极显著的影响(P<0.01);产犊季节对产犊难易存在显著影响(P<0.05);犊牛初生重对产犊难易有极显著影响(P<0.01);犊牛性别对产犊难易存在极显著的影响(P<0.01);产犊类型(单胎和双胎)对产犊难易有极显著影响(P<0.01)。【结论】春季和冬季母牛难产率较夏季高,在春冬两季温度过低,新生犊牛对恶劣的天气更加敏感,体重轻的犊牛子宫外环境的适应性较体重大的犊牛弱,公犊的难产普遍高于母犊。

关键词: 中国西门塔尔牛, 产犊难易, 胎次, 产犊类型, 犊牛初生重

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