Analysis on Influencing Factors of Blood Potassium in Holstein Cows

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.09.026

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study was objectiveto explore the factors affecting blood potassium concentration （BPC） of dairy cows. 【Method】 The BPCwas measured from 222 milking cows in summer and 67 milking cows in autumn in Beijingby a hand-held blood potassium meter. The effects of temperature humidity index（THI）， rectal temperature （RT）， parity， milk stage， blood type and milkingstatuson BPC were analyzedusing a fixed model. 【Result】 The resultsshowed that the BPC measured by hand-held blood potassium meter were in the normal range，the BPC was 2.31~5.13 mmol/L. The BPC when THI>72 was significantly higher than that when THI<72 （P<0.05）. The effect of RT on BPCwas different under different THI range. When THI is between 55~60 and 77~78， BPC increased by 0.7 mmol/L and 0.32 mmol/L for every 1℃ increasein RT，respectively. There was no regression relationship between RT and BPC when THI were 72~76 and 79~88（P>0.05）.Venous BPC （4.01±0.05） mmol/L was significantly higher than arterial BPC（3.81±0.05） mmol/L（P<0.01）. The BPC after milking （4.06±0.05） mmol/L was significantly higher than that before milking（3.76±0.04） mmol/L（P<0.01）. The influence of parity and milk stage on BPC was not significant（P>0.05），whilewith the increase of day in milk， the BPC showed a decreasing trend. 【Conclusion】 The hand-held blood potassium meter can quickly and accurately determine the BPC indairy cows. THI has a significant effect on BPC， and the increase of THI will cause the increase or decrease of BPC. Milking status and blood type have great influence on BPC， which should beexcludedwhen it is analyzed.

Key words: Holstein dairy cows; blood potassium concentration; THI; rectal temperature; artery and vein

摘要：

【目的】 研究奶牛血钾浓度的影响因素。【方法】 采用手持血钾仪在夏季和秋季分别测定北京地区222头和67头荷斯坦泌乳牛的血钾浓度，利用固定模型分析环境温湿度指数（Temperature and humidity index， THI）、直肠温度、胎次、泌乳阶段、血液类型和挤奶前后对血钾浓度的影响。【结果】 手持血钾仪所测血钾浓度在正常范围内，荷斯坦牛泌乳牛血钾浓度为2.31~5.13 mmol/L；THI>72时的血钾浓度显著（P< 0.05）高于THI<72时的血钾浓度；不同THI条件下，直肠温度对血钾浓度的影响程度不同，THI为55~60和77~78时，直肠温度每升高1℃血钾浓度分别上升0.7和0.32 mmol/L，THI为72~76和79~88时直肠温度与血钾浓度无回归关系（P>0.05）；静脉血钾浓度（4.01±0.05） mmol/L极显著（P<0.01）高于动脉血钾浓度（3.81±0.05） mmol/L；奶牛挤奶后血钾浓度（4.06±0.05） mmol/L极显著（P<0.01）高于挤奶前血钾浓度（3.76±0.04） mmol/L；胎次和泌乳阶段对血钾浓度无显著（P>0.05）影响，但随着泌乳天数的增加血钾浓度有逐渐降低的趋势。【结论】 手持血钾仪可以快速、准确地测定奶牛的血钾浓度；THI对血钾浓度有显著影响，THI的升高会引起血钾浓度的变化；挤奶和血液类型对血钾浓度有较大影响，研究血钾浓度时应注意排除这两项因素的影响，血钾浓度可作为判断奶牛健康状态的指标。

关键词: 荷斯坦牛, 血钾浓度, 温湿度指数, 直肠温度, 动静脉

CLC Number:

S823

SHI Jizhen, GAO Qing, YANG Zhichao, ZHANG Siwei, LUO Sunlin, HUANG Shangzhen, ZHANG Hailiang, GUO Yanbin, GUO Gang, Yu Ying, WANG Yachun. Analysis on Influencing Factors of Blood Potassium in Holstein Cows[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(9): 2303-2309.

施霁桢, 高清, 杨智超, 张四维, 罗荪琳, 黄上真, 张海亮, 郭彦斌, 郭刚, 俞英, 王雅春. 荷斯坦母牛血钾浓度的影响因素分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(9): 2303-2309.

Figures/Tables 5

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	试验牛数/（头） The number of test cow	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	中位数 Median	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	极差 Range
THI₁	67	3.59±0.55	3.59	4.62	2.31	2.31
THI₂	70	4.01±0.47	3.85	5.13	3.08	2.05
THI₃	70	3.98±0.36	4.10	4.87	3.33	1.54
THI₄	82	4.13±0.32	4.10	4.87	3.33	1.54

	试验牛数/（头） The number of test cow	平均值±标准差 Mean±SD	中位数 Median	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	极差 Range
THI₁	67	3.59±0.55	3.59	4.62	2.31	2.31
THI₂	70	4.01±0.47	3.85	5.13	3.08	2.05
THI₃	70	3.98±0.36	4.10	4.87	3.33	1.54
THI₄	82	4.13±0.32	4.10	4.87	3.33	1.54

效应 Effect		最小二乘均值±标准误 Least square mean±SE（mmol/L）	P值 P-value	效应 Effect		最小二乘均值±标准误 Least square mean±SE（mmol/L）	P值 P-value
血液类型 Blood type	动脉	3.81±0.05^aA	<0.01	温湿度指数 THI	55~60	3.29±0.12^aA	0.02
血液类型 Blood type	静脉	4.01±0.05^bB	<0.01		72~76	4.21±0.06^bA
挤奶 Milking	前	3.76±0.04^A	<0.01		77~78	4.02±0.06^bA
挤奶 Milking	后	4.06±0.05^B	<0.01		79~88	4.11±0.05^bA
胎次 Parity	1胎	3.94±0.05	0.20	泌乳阶段 Lactation stage	1~100	4.01±0.06	0.09
	2胎	3.82±0.06			101~200	3.92±0.06
	3胎	3.91±0.07			201~305	3.88±0.05
	≥4胎	3.96±0.08			≥305	3.82±0.07
直肠温度（温湿度指数） RT（THI）			<0.01

效应 Effect		最小二乘均值±标准误 Least square mean±SE（mmol/L）	P值 P-value	效应 Effect		最小二乘均值±标准误 Least square mean±SE（mmol/L）	P值 P-value
血液类型 Blood type	动脉	3.81±0.05^aA	<0.01	温湿度指数 THI	55~60	3.29±0.12^aA	0.02
血液类型 Blood type	静脉	4.01±0.05^bB	<0.01		72~76	4.21±0.06^bA
挤奶 Milking	前	3.76±0.04^A	<0.01		77~78	4.02±0.06^bA
挤奶 Milking	后	4.06±0.05^B	<0.01		79~88	4.11±0.05^bA
胎次 Parity	1胎	3.94±0.05	0.20	泌乳阶段 Lactation stage	1~100	4.01±0.06	0.09
	2胎	3.82±0.06			101~200	3.92±0.06
	3胎	3.91±0.07			201~305	3.88±0.05
	≥4胎	3.96±0.08			≥305	3.82±0.07
直肠温度（温湿度指数） RT（THI）			<0.01

	回归系数 Regression coefficient	标准误 SE	P值 P-value
RT（THI₁）	0.70	0.25	<0.01
RT（THI₂）	0.07	0.13	0.59
RT（THI₃）	0.32	0.11	<0.01
RT（THI₄）	-0.01	0.10	0.94