Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (2): 436-445.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.02.021

• Facility Agriculture • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on basic physical and chemical properties of low energy consumption deep winter production solar greenhouse

ZHANG Caihong1,2(), JIANG Luyan2, WANG Guoqiang1,2(), LIU Tao1,2, DE Xianming2   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Facility Agriculture Engineering and Equipment Research Center, Urumqi 830091,China
    2. Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
  • Received:2024-08-05 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-17
  • Correspondence author: WANG Guoqiang
  • Supported by:
    Major Science and Technology Projects in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Research on Key Technologies under the Integration Scene of Modern Facility Agriculture in Tarim Basin”(2022A02005-6)

低能耗组装式深冬生产型日光温室对土壤基础理化性质的影响

张彩虹1,2(), 姜鲁艳2, 王国强1,2(), 刘涛1,2, 德贤明2   

  1. 1.新疆设施农业工程与装备研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091
    2.新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 通讯作者: 王国强
  • 作者简介:张彩虹(1981-),女,甘肃张掖人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为设施农业工程与装备,(E-mail)93052504@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“环塔里木盆地现代设施农业集成场景下关键技术研究”(2022A02005-6)

Abstract:

【Objective】To explore the influence of low energy consumption assembled deep winter production solar greenhouse on indoor soil environment, in the hope of providing data support for the subsequent cultivation and environmental control of the new greenhouse.【Methods】In the study, the low energy consumption assembly deep winter production solar greenhouse (new greenhouse) was selected as the test greenhouse, and the ordinary brick wall structure solar greenhouse as the control greenhouse. The difference between the main soil environment of the test greenhouse and the control greenhouse was analyzed, and the method of soil stratification research was used to determine the leading factor.【Results】The results showed that the surface soil temperature of the new solar greenhouse increased by 30.1% and-50 to -60 cm by 20.85%, at the night, the soil temperature of the new solar greenhouse was significantly higher than that of the brick wall structure; The water content of different soil depths was compared with the traditional greenhouses, and all were significantly lower; At-10 cm soil depth, the new greenhouse soil water content was reduced by 11%; At a-20 cm soil depth, the new greenhouse soil moisture content was 13.29%; At the-30 cm soil depth, the new greenhouse soil water content was reduced by 2.68%; At a-40 cm soil depth, the new greenhouse soil water content was reduced by 6.63%; At a-50 cm soil depth, the new greenhouse soil water content was reduced by 8.07%; At the-60 cm soil depth, the soil moisture content of the new greenhouse was reduced by 10.74%. Compared with the traditional greenhouse, the total nitrogen content of the deep soil increased by 21.26%, the total soil carbon content increased by 12.07%, and the soil inorganic nitrogen content increased by 19.95%.【Conclusion】The new solar greenhouse has higher soil temperature and lower soil humidity during the winter night. At the same time, the new solar greenhouse can control the migration of nitrogen and other elements compared with the traditional solar greenhouse, which can not only better maintain the soil fertility of the cultivated layer, but also reduce the damage and pollution of deep soil and groundwater to a certain extent, and promote the green development of facility agriculture.

Key words: deep winter production type solar greenhouse; soil stratification; soil environmental factor; soil inorganic nitrogen

摘要:

【目的】探究低能耗组装式深冬生产型日光温室对室内土壤环境的影响,为该新型日光温室越冬茬作物栽培以及环境控制提供数据支持。【方法】研究选取低能耗组装式深冬生产型日光温室(新型日光温室)为试验温室,普通砖墙结构日光温室为对照温室,分析试验温室和对照温室的主要土壤环境之间的差异,并结合对土壤进行分层研究的方法,确定起主导作用的因子。【结果】新型日光温室相对于砖墙日光温室,其夜间室内表层土壤温度提高30.1%,-50~-60 cm土壤温度提高20.85%,新型日光温室土壤温度均显著高于砖墙结构日光温室(P<0.05)。新型日光温室不同土壤深度的含水量相对于传统温室,均显著降低(P<0.05),在-10 cm土壤深度时,新型日光温室土壤含水量降低11%;在-20 cm土壤深度时,新型日光温室土壤含水量13.29%;在-30 cm土壤深度时,新型日光温室土壤含水量降低2.68%;在-40 cm土壤深度时,新型日光温室土壤含水量降低6.63%;在-50 cm土壤深度时,新型日光温室土壤含水量降低8.07%;在-60 cm土壤深度时,新型日光温室土壤含水量降低10.74%。新型日光温室较传统温室,其深层土壤总氮含量提高21.26%,土壤总碳含量提高12.07%,土壤无机氮含量提高19.95%。【结论】新型日光温室在冬季夜间拥有更高的土壤温度与更低的土壤湿度。同时,新型日光温室在控制氮素等元素淋溶迁移方面相较于传统日光温室也有明显改变,更好地保持耕作层土壤肥力,也在一定程度上减少对深层土壤以及地下水的破坏,促进设施农业的绿色发展。

关键词: 深冬生产型日光温室, 土壤分层, 土壤环境因子, 土壤无机氮

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