枸杞果实多酚类化合物时空分布特征

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.017

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (5): 1199-1207.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.017

• 园艺特产·农产品加工工程 • 上一篇下一篇

枸杞果实多酚类化合物时空分布特征

陈玉鹏¹^,²(), 王瑜洁¹, 琚艳君¹, 牛淑慧¹, 马磊¹, 刘志虎³, 张勤⁴, 刘河疆¹(), 赵多勇¹()

1.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐)/新疆农产品质量安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
3.酒泉市林果服务中心,甘肃酒泉 735000
4.精河县天山果业农业科技有限公司,新疆精河 833300

收稿日期:2024-10-19 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-07-09
通信作者: 赵多勇(1980-),男,新疆奇台人,研究员,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为农产品质量与食品安全,(E-mail)luckydyz@163.com;
刘河疆(1981-),男,新疆库尔勒人,博士研究生,研究方向为农产品化学污染物溯源与控制,(E-mail)12631499@qq.com
作者简介:陈玉鹏(2001-),男,贵州毕节人,硕士研究生,研究方向为食品科学与工程,(E-mail)chyp1009@163.com
基金资助:
新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2020013);新疆农业科学院青年科技骨干创新能力培养项目(xjnkq-2023018);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发专项子课题(2023B02009-4);甘肃省科技计划项目(21CX6NF234);精河县天山果业农业科技有限公司枸杞新品种繁育、栽培、保鲜及精深加工关键技术研发人才团队引进项目

Lycium Barbarum the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of fruit polyphenolic compounds

CHEN Yupeng¹^,²(), WANG Yujie¹, JU Yanjun¹, NIU Shuhui¹, MA Lei¹, LIU Zhihu³, ZHANG Qin⁴, LIU Hejiang¹(), ZHAO Duoyong¹()

1. Institute of Agricultural quality standard and Testing technology research, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural sciences/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products(Urumqi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety/ Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Urumqi 830091, China
2. College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
3. Jiuauan Forestry and Fruit Service Center,Jiuquan Gansn 735000 China
4. Jinghe County Tianshan Fruit industry Agricultural technology co., Ltd,Jinghe Xinjiang,833300,China

Received:2024-10-19 Published:2025-05-20 Online:2025-07-09
Supported by:
Young Science and Technology Backbone Innovation Ability Training Program of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnkq-2020013);Young Science and Technology Backbone Innovation Ability Training Program of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences(xjnkq-2023018);Key Research and Development Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2023B02009-4);Gansu Province Science and Technology Plan Project(21CX6NF234);Jinghe County Tianshan Fruit Agricultural Science and Technology Co., LTD. Lycium barbarum new variety breeding, cultivation, preserving and deep processing key technology research and development talent team introduction project

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】分析不同产地、品种和年际下枸杞果实中多酚类物质组成及含量差异,为药食两用生物活性的深入研究及新产品开发提供依据。【方法】选取新疆、宁夏、甘肃三个省(区)90份枸杞样品为研究对象,采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS),测定枸杞中20种多酚类化合物含量,利用方差分析及LSD多重比较法分析不同产地、品种和年际的枸杞果实,并结合主成分及相关性聚类分析方法进行对比。【结果】枸杞样品中含量排名前三的多酚类化合物为均为香豆酸(4.06±1.99)mg/kg、奎尼酸(3.77±1.31)mg/kg、阿魏酸(1.32±0.83)mg/kg,样品中新疆枸杞和宁夏枸杞的20种多酚类化合物含量之和显著高于甘肃枸杞(P<0.05);样品中宁杞7#和宁杞9#的20种多酚化合物总含量显著高于宁杞5#(P<0.05);2022年的枸杞样品中类黄酮化合物含量显著高于2021年(P<0.05)。不同产地、品种和年际枸杞果实PC₁和PC₂的累计贡献率分别为72.54%、75.87%和80.4%,较好地反映出枸杞多酚类物质的综合信息,可有效区分不同产地和年际的枸杞。【结论】枸杞中的单体多酚类化合物含量受产地和年际变化的影响较大,受品种因素影响较小。新疆枸杞中香豆酸含量高,宁杞7#中酚类组成较为丰富,含量相对较高。

关键词: 枸杞; 多酚类物质; 产地; 品种; 年际

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study compared the composition and content differences of polyphenols in Lycium barbarum from different origins, cultivars and interannual periods, with the aim of providing a new guarantee for the in-depth study of food bioactivities of dual-purpose medicine and food, as well as the development of new products.【Methods】 90 Lycium barbarum samples were collected from three provinces of Xinjiang, Ningxia and Gansu, and the contents of 20 polyphenolic compounds were simultaneously determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and the differences between different origins, varieties and interannual periods were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD multiple comparison method, and combined principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) for analysis. 【Results】 The results showed that there were significant differences in the content and composition of polyphenolic compounds in Lycium barbarum from different production origins, varieties and interannual periods (P<0.05).The top three polyphenolic compounds in Lycium barbarum samples from provinces and origins were p-coumaric acid (4.06±1.99) mg/kg, quinic acid (3.77±1.31) mg/kg and ferulic acid (1.32±0.83) mg/kg. The contents of 20 polyphenols in Xinjiang and Ningxia Lycium barbarum were significantly higher than those in Gansu (P<0.05); the total contents of 20 polyphenol compounds in Ningqi 7# and Ningqi 9# samples were significantly higher than those in Ningqi 5# (P<0.05); the contents of flavonoids in 2022 Lycium barbarum samples were significantly higher than those in 2021 (P<0.05). A significant positive correlation between the content of quercitrin, quercetin, cryptochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and p-coumaric acid and the total polyphenol content. The principal component analysis shows that the cumulative contribution rate of PC₁ and PC₂ from different origins, different varieties and different years is 72.54%, 75.87% and 80.4%, respectively, which can better reflect the comprehensive information of Lycium barbarum polyphenols and effectively discriminate Lycium barbarum from different origins. 【Conclusion】 The content of monomeric polyphenolic compounds in Lycium barbarum is strongly influenced by origin and inter-years, but less influenced by cultivar factors. The content of coumaric acid in Lycium barbarum is high, while the phenolic composition and relatively high.

Key words: Lycium barbarum; Polyphenols; Geographical origin; Variety; Interannual

中图分类号:

TS255.1

陈玉鹏, 王瑜洁, 琚艳君, 牛淑慧, 马磊, 刘志虎, 张勤, 刘河疆, 赵多勇. 枸杞果实多酚类化合物时空分布特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(5): 1199-1207.

CHEN Yupeng, WANG Yujie, JU Yanjun, NIU Shuhui, MA Lei, LIU Zhihu, ZHANG Qin, LIU Hejiang, ZHAO Duoyong. Lycium Barbarum the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of fruit polyphenolic compounds[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(5): 1199-1207.

图/表 8

表1 采样信息

Tab.1 Sampling information table

采样地 Sampling site	经度(E) Longitude	纬度(N) Latitude	海拔 Altitude(m)	年际 Interannual	品种 Varieties	样本数 Sample size
新疆 Xinjiang	82°37'~83°38'	44°42'~44°69'	270~349	2021	宁杞7#	11
				2021	其它	7
				2022	宁杞7#	12
					宁杞9#	7
					宁杞5#	4
					其它	9
甘肃 Gansu	97°04'~99°14'	39°28'~40°52'	1173~1495	2022	宁杞7#	10
甘肃 Gansu	97°04'~99°14'	39°28'~40°52'	1173~1495	2022	其它	6
宁夏 Ningxia	105°62'~106°25'	37°36'~38°96'	1080~1188	2022	宁杞7#	10
宁夏 Ningxia	105°62'~106°25'	37°36'~38°96'	1080~1188	2022	其它	14

表2 梯度洗脱程序

Tab.2 Gradient elution procedure

时间 Time(min)	流动相A Mobile phase A(%)	流动相B Mobile phase B(%)	时间 Time(min)	流动相A Mobile phase A(%)	流动相B Mobile phase B(%)
0	5	95	8.5	75	25
2	5	95	9	90	10
3	45	55	11	90	10
5	45	55	11.01	90	10
7	50	50	13	5	95
7.5	75	25	15	5	95

图1 枸杞中多酚类化合物含量云雨

Fig. 1 Clustering heat map of polyphenol content in 90 Lycium barbarum samples

图2 不同产地枸杞中多酚化合物的含量变化注:不同字母表示存在显著差异(P<0.05),下同

Fig. 2 Changes of the differences in the content of polyphenol compounds in Lycium barbarum from different origins Notes:There are significant differences in the representation by different letters (P<0.05),the same as below

图3 不同品种枸杞中多酚化合物组成及含量的变化

Fig. 3 Changes of composition and difference in the content of polyphenol compounds in Lycium barbarum from different varieties

图4 不同年际枸杞中多酚化合物组成及含量的变化

Fig. 4 Changes of the composition and content difference of polyphenol compounds in Lycium barbarum from different interannual

图5 多酚相关性聚类热图注:*:表示存在显著差异(P<0.05);**:表示存在极显著差异(P<0.01);***:表示存在极显著差异(P<0.001);不同产地(A),不同品种(B),不同年际(C)

Fig. 5 Heat map of polyphenol correlation Notes:*:Indicating significant differences(P<0.05);**:Indicating a highly significant different(P<0.01);***:Indicating a highly significant different(P<0.001);different origin (A), different varieties (B), different interannual (C)

图6 主成分注:不同产地(A),不同品种(B),不同年际(C)

Fig 6 Principal component analysis Notes:different regions (A), different varieties (B), different interannual (C)

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枸杞果实多酚类化合物时空分布特征

Lycium Barbarum the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of fruit polyphenolic compounds

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