新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (5): 1111-1120.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.05.008

• 作物遗传育种·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆不同马铃薯品种品质性状的综合分析与评价

樊德鹏1,2(), 陈玉鹏1,2, 石洁1,2, 琚艳君2, 邢斌德3, 江应红3, 刘易3(), 赵多勇2()   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室/新疆农产品质量安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
    3.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院乌鲁木齐综合试验站,乌鲁木齐 830012
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-18 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-07-09
  • 通信作者: 赵多勇(1980-),男,新疆奇台人,研究员,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为农产品溯源与控制,(E-mail)luckydyz@163.com;
    刘易(1983-),男,河北保定人,研究员,硕士,研究方向为马铃薯高产栽培及抗逆生理,(E-mail)liuyun_5511@163.com
  • 作者简介:樊德鹏(1997-),男,新疆哈密人,硕士研究生,研究方向为食品科学与工程,(E-mail)1989553991@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(厅厅联动)课题二“新疆马铃薯绿色高产高效栽培技术研究与集成应用”(2022B02044-2)

Analysis and evaluation of potato quality traits of different potato varieties in Xinjiang

FAN Depeng1,2(), CHEN Yupeng1,2, SHI Jie1,2, JU Yanjun2, XING Binde3, JIANG Yinghong3, LIU Yi3(), ZHAO Duoyong2()   

  1. 1. College of Food Sciences and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
    2. Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products(Urumqi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety/ Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research Institute, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
    3. Comprehensive Experimental Site of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830012,China
  • Received:2024-10-18 Published:2025-05-20 Online:2025-07-09
  • Supported by:
    "Research and Integrated Application of Green High-Yield and Efficient Cultivation Technology for Potatoes in Xinjiang"(2022B02044-2-5)

摘要:

【目的】评价新疆不同品种马铃薯的品质性状,为马铃薯品种选育及精深加工提供参考依据。【方法】从新疆昭苏县和叶城县收集综合性状良好的43个马铃薯品种,测定干物质、淀粉和可溶性糖等指标,采用相关分析、主成分分析及聚类分析等方法对不同品种马铃薯的品质性状进行分析。【结果】43个马铃薯品种可溶性糖质量分数在(1.6±0.54)%;可溶性固形物质量分数在(6.84±1.7)%;干物质质量分数在(22.23±5.21)%;直链淀粉质量分数在(25.47±2.59)%;支链淀粉质量分数在(63.92±4.92)%;总淀粉质量分数在(89.39±6.53)%。总淀粉质量分数与支链淀粉质量分数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);总淀粉质量分数与直链淀粉质量分数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);总淀粉质量分数与可溶性糖质量分数呈负相关。43个马铃薯品种分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群包括T10、北方001号等4个品种,表现为较高的可溶性糖质量分数;第Ⅱ类群包括秦薯107号、蒙乌薯4号等30个品种,表现为较高的直链淀粉质量分数;第Ⅲ类群包括中薯早39号、天薯16号等9个品种,表现为较高的可溶性固形物质量分数、干物质质量分数、支链淀粉质量分数和总淀粉质量分数。【结论】新疆昭苏产区马铃薯可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、干物质和直链淀粉总体水平较高,综合品质优于叶城产区的马铃薯。北方001、中薯早39、中薯早45、中薯紫5、维拉斯、陇薯3号、国红、T9、龙薯26、L1631-14、丽薯29、大丰3和希森6号,13个马铃薯品种适用于加工油炸食品。L1631-14、希森6号、陇薯6号、晋同薯3号、临薯18号、中薯32号等22个品种适用于鲜食,可溶性糖质量分数高于1.6%。43个马铃薯品种归为3个类群,第Ⅲ类的多个品质性状相比其他品种较优。

关键词: 马铃薯; 品种; 品质性状; 淀粉; 聚类分析

Abstract:

【Objective】 The main quality traits of different potato varieties in Xinjiang were studied to provide reference for the resource utilization of fresh and processed potato varieties in Xinjiang in the future. 【Methods】 Forty-three potato varieties with good comprehensive traits were collected from Xinjiang, and the indexes of dry matter, starch and soluble sugar were determined. The quality traits of different potato varieties were analyzed by correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. 【Results】 The soluble sugar content of 43 potato varieties was (1.6±0.54)%. The mass fraction of soluble solids was (6.84±1.7)%. The dry matter mass fraction was (22.23±5.21)%. The mass fraction of amylose was (25.47±2.59)%. The mass fraction of amylopectin was (63.92±4.92)%. The total starch content was (89.39±6.53)%. Total starch content was significantly positively correlated with amylopectin content (P<0.01) and amylose content (P<0.01), but negatively correlated with soluble sugar content. Cluster analysis divided the 43 potato species into three groups. Group I, including T10 and Beifang 001, was characterized by higher soluble sugar content. Group II, including Qingshu 107 and Mengwushu 4, exhibited higher amylose content. Group III, including Zhongshuzao 39 and Tianshu 16, showed higher soluble solid content, dry matter content, amylopectin content, and total starch content. 【Conclusion】 Potatoes from the Zhaosu production area generally exhibit higher levels of soluble sugars, soluble solids, dry matter, and amylose, with overall quality superior to those from the Yecheng production area. Thirteen varieties, including Beifang 001, Zhongshuzao 39, Zhongshuzao 45, Zhongshu Zi 5, Weilasi, Longshu 3, Guohong, T9, Longshu 26, L1631-14, Lishu 29, Dafeng 3, Xisen 6, are suitable for processing fried food. Twenty two varieties, including L1631-14, Xisen 6, Longshu 6, Jintongshu 3, Linshu 18 and Zhongshu 32, are suitable for fresh food, with soluble sugar content higher than 1.6%. The 43 potato species are classified into three groups, with multiple quality traits in Group III being superior to those in other groups, which provides a basis for their promotion and cultivation.

Key words: potato; variety; quality evaluation; starch; cluster analysis

中图分类号: 


ISSN 1001-4330 CN 65-1097/S
邮发代号:58-18
国外代号:BM3342
主管:新疆农业科学院
主办:新疆农业科学院 新疆农业大学 新疆农学会

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