预处理结合不同干燥方式对大果沙棘叶干燥效率及生物活性物质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.06.020

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (6): 1478-1487.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.06.020

• 园艺特产·农产品加工工程 • 上一篇下一篇

预处理结合不同干燥方式对大果沙棘叶干燥效率及生物活性物质的影响

敖羽¹(), 张健², 徐斌², 马燕², 王黎明³, 张婷²(), 包晓玮¹()

1.新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所/新疆主要农副产品精深加工工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆慧华沙棘生物科技有限公司,新疆阿勒泰 836200

收稿日期:2024-11-13 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-07-29
通信作者: 张婷(1980-),女,研究员,博士,研究方向为农产品贮运与加工,(E-mail)zhangtingkikie@163.com;
包晓玮(1969-),女,教授,博士,研究方向为食品营养与安全,(E-mail)408531623@qq.com
作者简介:敖羽(1999-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为食品加工与安全,(E-mail)15148434408@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目“沙棘副产品高值化加工利用技术研发及应用”(2022B02005-3)

Effects of pretreatment combined with different drying methods on drying efficiency and bioactive substances of Seabuckthorn leaves

AO Yu¹(), ZHANG Jian², XU Bin², MA Yan², WANG Liming³, ZHANG Ting²(), BAO Xiaowei¹()

1. College of Food Sciences and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Research Center of Main Agricultural Products Processing Engineering in Xinjiang, Urumqi 830091, China
3. Xinjiang Huihua Seabuckthorn Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Altay Xinjiang, 836200, China

Received:2024-11-13 Published:2025-06-20 Online:2025-07-29
Supported by:
Major Scientific R & D Program Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region“R & D and Application of High-Value Processing and Utilization Technology of Seabuckthorn By-Products”(2022B02005-3)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】提高大果沙棘枝条果脱粒过程中叶子的利用率,探寻其适宜的预处理及干燥方式,为生产中大果沙棘叶的产业化开发利用提供理论依据和数据支撑。【方法】以大果沙棘叶为试材,以不经预处理直接自然干燥为对照(CK),在系统评价超声(CS)预处理、烫漂(TP)预处理、超声+烫漂(CS+TP)预处理和渗透脱水(ST)预处理对其干燥效果基础上,结合自然(ZR)干燥、热风(RF)干燥、微波(WB)干燥和真空冷冻(LD)干燥方式,探究不同预处理结合干燥方式对沙棘叶干燥效率及生物活性物质的影响。【结果】大果沙棘叶经不同预处理自然干燥后,CS预处理效果较显著;CS预处理结合ZR、RF、WB和LD干燥对大果沙棘叶干燥效率和生物活性物质均有显著影响,其中CS预处理结合RF干燥方式效果最佳,可使大果沙棘叶干燥时间较CK缩短4倍,其中总黄酮、总酚、蛋白质、多糖和白雀木醇含量分别维持在41.07、29.56、30.66、3.53和22.14 mg/g。【结论】采用CS预处理RF干燥方式对大果沙棘叶进行规模化加工利用前处理。

关键词: 大果沙棘叶; 预处理; 干燥方式; 干燥效率; 生物活性物质

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the suitable pretreatment and drying methods by improving the utilization rate of leaves in the threshing process of Seabuckthorn branches,The findings provide theoretical basis and data support for the development and utilization of processing by-products of large fruit Seabuckthorn leaves in production. 【Methods】 In this study, Seabuckthorn leaves were used as test materials, and natural drying without pretreatment was used as control (CK). On the basis of systematically evaluating the drying effects of ultrasonic (CS) pretreatment, blanching (TP) pretreatment, ultrasonic+blanching (CS+TP) pretreatment and osmotic dehydration (ST) pretreatment on Seabuckthorn leaves, combined with natural (ZR) drying, hot air (RF) drying, microwave (WB) drying and vacuum freezing (LD) drying methods, the effects of different pretreatment combined with drying methods on the drying efficiency and bioactive substances of Seabuckthorn leaves were investigated. 【Results】 The results showed that the effect of CS pretreatment was significant after natural drying of Seabuckthorn leaves with different pretreatments. CS pretreatment combined with ZR, RF, WB and LD drying had significant effects on the drying efficiency and bioactive substances of H.rhamnoides leaves. Among them, CS pretreatment combined with RF drying method had the best effect, which could shorten the drying time of H.rhamnoides leaves by 4 times compared with CK, and meanwhile maintained the contents of total flavonoids, total phenols, proteins, polysaccharides and quebrachitol at 41.07, 29.56, 30.66, 3.53 and 22.14 mg/g, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Using CS pretreatment and RF drying method for large-scale utilization pretreatment of large fruit seabuckthorn leaves.

Key words: large fruit seabuckthorn leaves; pretreatment; drying method; drying efficiency; bioactive substances

中图分类号:

敖羽, 张健, 徐斌, 马燕, 王黎明, 张婷, 包晓玮. 预处理结合不同干燥方式对大果沙棘叶干燥效率及生物活性物质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(6): 1478-1487.

AO Yu, ZHANG Jian, XU Bin, MA Yan, WANG Liming, ZHANG Ting, BAO Xiaowei. Effects of pretreatment combined with different drying methods on drying efficiency and bioactive substances of Seabuckthorn leaves[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(6): 1478-1487.

图/表 8

图1 不同预处理下大果沙棘叶干燥时间的变化

Fig.1 Changes of different pretreatments on drying time of Seabuckthorn leaves

表1 不同预处理下大果沙棘叶生物活性物质的变化

Tab.1 Effects of different pretreatment methods on bioactive substances in Seabuckthorn leaves

预处理 Pretreatment	总黄酮 Total flavonoids (mg/g)	总酚 Phenolics (mg/g)	蛋白质 Protein (mg/g)	多糖 Polysacoharide (mg/g)	白雀木醇 Quebrachitol (mg/g)
CK	34.23±1.01^b	22.19±0.19^b	24.83±0.50^c	1.29±0.02^c	10.34±0.09^e
CS	37.09±1.98^a	23.39±0.42^a	26.30±0.18^a	1.75±0.04^a	17.43±0.13^a
TP	34.45±0.66^b	22.46±0.18^b	25.52±0.43^b	1.49±0.03^b	13.40±0.14^d
CS+TP	35.77±0.66^ab	22.38±0.19^b	26.02±0.10^ab	1.34±0.02^c	15.59±0.17^b
ST	20.40±1.01^c	15.72±0.90^c	25.89±0.22^ab	1.72±0.04^a	14.10±0.12^c

图2 超声处理结合不同干燥方式下大果沙棘叶干燥时间和干燥速率的变化

Fig. 2 Changes of ultrasonic combined with different drying methods on drying time and drying rate of Seabuckthorn leaves

图3 超声处理结合不同干燥方式下大果沙棘叶总黄酮含量的变化

Fig. 3 Changes of ultrasonic treatment combined with different drying methods on the content of total flavonoids in Seabuckthorn leaves

图4 超声处理结合不同干燥方式下大果沙棘叶总酚含量的变化

Fig 4 Changes of ultrasonic treatment combined with different drying methods on total phenol content of Seabuckthorn leaves

图5 超声处理结合不同干燥方式下大果沙棘叶蛋白质含量的变化

Fig. 5 Changes of ultrasound combined with different drying methods on protein content of Seabuckthorn leaves

图6 超声处理结合不同干燥方式下大果沙棘叶多糖含量的变化

Fig. 6 Changes of ultrasound combined with different drying methods on polysaccharide content of Seabuckthorn leaves

图7 超声结合不同干燥方式下大果沙棘叶白雀木醇含量的变化

Fig. 7 Changes of ultrasound combined with different drying methods on the content of quebrachitol in Seabuckthorn leaves

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预处理结合不同干燥方式对大果沙棘叶干燥效率及生物活性物质的影响

Effects of pretreatment combined with different drying methods on drying efficiency and bioactive substances of Seabuckthorn leaves

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