不同轻基质配比对突尼斯软籽石榴容器苗生长的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.06.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究不同轻基质组成和配比对突尼斯软籽石榴容器苗生长的影响,为工厂化培育该品种优质容器苗提供基础。【方法】以当年硬枝扦插幼苗为研究对象,选用草炭、蛭石、颗粒有机肥和腐熟有机肥(腐熟羊粪)进行不同比例组合,设置12种不同轻基质配比方案处理,比较不同处理下石榴幼苗地上部分生长情况、根系发育状况和叶绿素荧光指标的差异。【结果】 S7(草炭∶蛭石∶颗粒有机肥 =7∶3∶1)处理下的石榴容器苗比根长(SRL)、功能叶PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、光合电子传递速率(ETR)、光量子产量Y(Ⅱ)和叶绿素含量最高,分别为100.30cm/g、0.78、28.04、0.094和46.8SPAD,相比于CK分别高出6.27%、11.41%、499.15%、278.23%和14.99%;S₃(草炭∶蛭石=8∶2)处理下的石榴容器苗苗高、最长主枝长、根系组织密度(RTD)和根系生物量最高,分别为99.9 cm、92.2 cm、7.74 g/cm³和2.92g/株,相比于CK分别高出227.65%、208.02%、320.11%和6 282.38%。【结论】 S₇基质配方处理下幼苗综合评价最佳,该配方适合突尼斯软籽石榴硬枝扦插容器苗的生长发育。

关键词: 容器苗; 轻基质; 突尼斯软籽石榴; 硬枝扦插; 隶属函数法

Abstract:

【Objective】 Explore the effects of different light matrix composition and ratio on the seedling raising effect of soft-seeded pomegranate container seedlings in Tunisi soft seed pomegranatea.Which has provided a practical basis for industrial cultivation of high-quality container seedlings of this variety. 【Methods】 The hardwood cutting seedlings in the same year were taken as the research object, and peat, vermiculite, granular organic fertilizer and decomposed organic fertilizer (decomposed sheep manure) were selected for different ratio combinations. Meanwhile twelve different light matrix ratio schemes were set up to compare the differences of aboveground growth, root development and chlorophyll fluorescence indexes of pomegranate seedlings under different treatments. 【Results】 The results showed that the specific root length ( SRL), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ ( F_v / F_m), photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR), light quantum yield Y (Ⅱ) and chlorophyll content of pomegranate container seedlings under S₇ ( peat ∶ vermiculite ∶ granular organic fertilizer = 7∶3∶1 ) treatment were the highest, which were 100.30 cm/g,0.78,28.04,0.094 and 46.8 SPAD, respectively, and were 6.27%, 11.41%, 499.15%, 278.23% and 14.99% higher than CK, respectively. The seedling height, longest main branch length, root tissue density (RTD) and root biomass of pomegranate container seedlings under S₃ ( peat∶vermiculite = 8∶2 ) treatment were the highest, which were 99.9 cm, 92.2 cm, 7.74 g/cm³ and 2.92 g / plant, respectively, and were 227.65%, 208.02%, 320.11% and 6,282.38% higher than CK,respectively. 【Conclusion】 Based on the membership function method, the comprehensive evaluation of seedlings under S₇ treatment is the best. This formula is suitable for the growth and development of hardwood cutting container seedlings of Tunisian soft-seed pomegranate.

Key words: worcontainer seedlings; light matrix; Tunisia soft-seed pomegranate; hardwood cutting; membership function method

中图分类号:

S665.4

何成龙, 白茹, 王志军, 毛永乐, 姚瑞赟, 王艺雯, 张宗翊. 不同轻基质配比对突尼斯软籽石榴容器苗生长的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(6): 1442-1452.

HE Chenglong, BAI Ru, WANG Zhijun, MAO Yongle, YAO Ruiyun, WANG Yiwen, ZHANG Zongyi. Effects of different light matrix ratios on the growth of pomegranate container seedlings[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(6): 1442-1452.

图/表 8

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处理 Treatments	草炭 Turf	蛭石 Vermiculite	颗粒有机肥 Granular organic fertilizer	腐熟有机肥 Decomposed organic manure
CK	10
S₁	10		1
S₂	10			1
S₃	8	2
S₄	8	2	1
S₅	8	2		1
S₆	7	3
S₇	7	3	1
S₈	7	3		1
S₉	6	4
S₁₀	6	4	1
S₁₁	6	4		1

处理 Treatments	草炭 Turf	蛭石 Vermiculite	颗粒有机肥 Granular organic fertilizer	腐熟有机肥 Decomposed organic manure
CK	10
S₁	10		1
S₂	10			1
S₃	8	2
S₄	8	2	1
S₅	8	2		1
S₆	7	3
S₇	7	3	1
S₈	7	3		1
S₉	6	4
S₁₀	6	4	1
S₁₁	6	4		1

处理 Treatments	容重 Volumetric Weight (g/cm³)	毛管持水量 Capillary capacity (g/g)	毛管孔隙度 Capillary porosity (%)	总孔隙度 Total porosity (%)	电导率 Electric Conductivity (mS/m)
CK	0.24±0.01^j	2.64±0.02^a	64.18±2.01^bc	73.74±0.85^d	870.33±4.73^a
S₁	0.37±0.01^ef	1.63±0.02^f	59.85±1.91^cde	70.57±0.51^e	494.00±5.57^d
S₂	0.27±0.01ⁱ	2.17±0.03^b	58.49±1.39^de	67.29±0.52^f	605.67±6.03^b
S₃	0.29±0.01^h	2.15±0.05^b	61.82±1.51^cde	66.85±0.18^fg	562.67±9.07^c
S₄	0.36±0.01^f	1.98±0.02^c	61.93±2.76^cde	74.91±0.23^c	429.67±2.08^g
S₅	0.33±0.01^g	1.71±0.03^e	57.82±2.36^e	67.56±0.28^f	468.00±2.00^f
S₆	0.36±0.01^f	1.84±0.04^d	61.08±1.75^cde	66.35±0.34^fg	395.33±4.16^h
S₇	0.39±0.01^d	1.73±0.04^e	63.11±1.83^cd	74.54±0.62^cd	242.67±3.06^j
S₈	0.38±0.01^de	1.68±0.03^cf	59.48±3.37^cde	70.28±0.20^e	235.66±4.93^j
S₉	0.44±0.01^c	1.32±0.03^h	57.31±1.60^e	70.85±0.27^e	159.00±8.72^k
S₁₀	0.47±0.02^a	1.70±0.06^e	72.22±5.67^a	81.73±0.21^a	335.33±5.03ⁱ
S₁₁	0.45±0.01^b	1.48±0.02^g	68.33±0.80^ab	79.20±0.40^b	481.33±5.86^e

处理 Treatments	容重 Volumetric Weight (g/cm³)	毛管持水量 Capillary capacity (g/g)	毛管孔隙度 Capillary porosity (%)	总孔隙度 Total porosity (%)	电导率 Electric Conductivity (mS/m)
CK	0.24±0.01^j	2.64±0.02^a	64.18±2.01^bc	73.74±0.85^d	870.33±4.73^a
S₁	0.37±0.01^ef	1.63±0.02^f	59.85±1.91^cde	70.57±0.51^e	494.00±5.57^d
S₂	0.27±0.01ⁱ	2.17±0.03^b	58.49±1.39^de	67.29±0.52^f	605.67±6.03^b
S₃	0.29±0.01^h	2.15±0.05^b	61.82±1.51^cde	66.85±0.18^fg	562.67±9.07^c
S₄	0.36±0.01^f	1.98±0.02^c	61.93±2.76^cde	74.91±0.23^c	429.67±2.08^g
S₅	0.33±0.01^g	1.71±0.03^e	57.82±2.36^e	67.56±0.28^f	468.00±2.00^f
S₆	0.36±0.01^f	1.84±0.04^d	61.08±1.75^cde	66.35±0.34^fg	395.33±4.16^h
S₇	0.39±0.01^d	1.73±0.04^e	63.11±1.83^cd	74.54±0.62^cd	242.67±3.06^j
S₈	0.38±0.01^de	1.68±0.03^cf	59.48±3.37^cde	70.28±0.20^e	235.66±4.93^j
S₉	0.44±0.01^c	1.32±0.03^h	57.31±1.60^e	70.85±0.27^e	159.00±8.72^k
S₁₀	0.47±0.02^a	1.70±0.06^e	72.22±5.67^a	81.73±0.21^a	335.33±5.03ⁱ
S₁₁	0.45±0.01^b	1.48±0.02^g	68.33±0.80^ab	79.20±0.40^b	481.33±5.86^e

处理 Treatments	全氮 Total nitrogen ( g/kg)	全磷 Total phosphorus ( g/kg)	全钾 Total potassium ( g/kg)	碱解氮 Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen (mg/kg)	有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg)	速效钾 Rapidly available potassium (mg/kg)	有机质 Organic matter ( g/kg)
CK	2.32±0.27^bc	0.34±0.02^f	9.53±0.72^g	204.11±6.45^c	39.2±0.1^f	339±5.2^a	591.63±3.82^a
S₁	2.24±0.18^bc	0.66±0.08^e	21.1±1.66^f	242.25±0.67^b	187.4±3.32^a	262±2.65^h	599±11.84^a
S₂	2.28±0.27^bc	1.58±0.02^b	8.95±0.71^g	252.73±6.74^a	109.4±2^d	290±2.65^f	535.71±8.27^b
S₃	1.25±0.13^f	1.98±0.05^a	39.04±3.07^cd	147.22±2.41^f	18.63±0.21^h	303.67±2.52^de	347.88±18.38^d
S₄	1.67±0.19^def	1.48±0.03^b	34.4±1.41^e	180.46±5.77^d	135.7±2.41^b	319±4.58^b	386.44±6.34^c
S₅	2.62±0.47^b	0.92±0.05^cd	34.4±2.18^e	167.97±5.72^e	35.8±1.04^g	279±3.61^g	310.13±1.35^e
S₆	1.45±0.28^f	1.5±0.1^b	42.78±2.44^abc	130.05±4.35^g	19.77±0.21^h	247.33±0.58ⁱ	304.65±8.29^ef
S₇	2.1±0.07^cd	1.07±0.23^c	45.44±3.21^a	147.22±1.77^f	122.1±3.34^c	300.33±0.58^e	291.29±4.58^f
S₈	2.4±0.3^bc	0.31±0.05^f	37.99±1.73^de	170.65±4.68^e	41.97±1.25^f	277.33±3.06^g	346.59±12.75^d
S₉	1.48±0.24^ef	0.84±0.13^d	44.95±6.00^ab	105.51±0.77ⁱ	11.9±0.26ⁱ	277.33±2.52^g	202.26±3.73^h
S₁₀	3.87±0.39^a	0.62±0.03^e	40.81±1.00^bcd	121.57±2.53^h	112.4±2.21^d	308±2.65^cd	258.49±9.59^g
S₁₁	1.94±0.21^cde	1.9±0.01^a	47.25±0.48^a	147.45±1.68^f	48.9±0.46^e	309.33±2.52^c	272.65±7.36^g