日粮中添加不同比例棉秆对后备种公羊生产性能、血清激素和睾丸组织的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.03.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究日粮中添加不同比例棉秆对后备种公羊生产性能、血清激素和睾丸组织的影响。【方法】采用单因素完全随机试验设计,将体重相近的60只小尾寒羊后备种公羊随机分为6组,每组10只。设计2个对照组,即饲粮中对照1组(CK₁组)不含棉源饲料,对照2组(CK₂组)含棉籽粕、不含棉秆。在CK₂组饲粮基础上,试验组饲粮分别添加20%(A组)、30%(B组)、40%(C组)和50%(D组)棉秆。全期70 d,其中预试期10 d,正试期60 d。【结果】CK₁组与CK₂组干物质采食量、日增重和料肉比差异不显著(P>0.05);D组干物质采食量极显著高于CK₂组17.80%(P<0.01),极显著高于A组和C组18.42%(P<0.01)和16.58%(P<0.01),显著高于B组4.65%(P<0.05);A、B、C、D组与CK₂组日增重和料肉比差异也不显著(P>0.05);对照组与及试验组血清睾酮、血清胰岛素和棉酚含量差异均不显著(P>0.05);对照组及试验组绵羊睾丸生长发育正常,未出现病理性伤害。【结论】日粮中添加20%~50%棉秆不影响后备种公羊生产性能、血清中相关激素和睾丸生长发育,添加20%棉秆时生长性能指标效果最好。

关键词: 棉秆; 种公羊; 睾丸; 生长性能; 激素水平

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of adding different proportions of cotton stalks on the production performance, serum related hormones and testicular tissues of the reserve ram.【Method】 The experiment used a single factor completely randomized trial design, and randomly divided 60 small-tailed Han sheep baCKup breed of similar weight into 6 groups, 10 in each group.The diet of control group 1 (group CK₁) did not contain cotton source feed,and control group 2 (group CK₂) contained cotton seed meal and without cotton stalk.On the basis of CK₂ diet,the trial group diet was supplemented with 20% (group A),30% (group B),40% (group C) and 50% (group D) cotton stalks.The full duration of the trial was 70 days, including a preliminary trial period of 10 days and a formal trial period of 60 days.【Results】 (1)there were no significant differences in dry matter intake, daily gain and feed meat ratio between CK₁ and CK₂ groups (P>0.05); dry matter intake of group D was significantly higher than that of CK₂ group by 17.80% (P<0.01), extremely significantly higher than that of group A and C by 18.42% (P<0.01) and 16.58% (P<0.01), and significantly higher than that of group B by 4.65% (P<0.05); the daily gain and feed / meat ratio of group A, B, C, D and CK₂ were also different.There was no significant difference (P>0.05).(2) There was no significant difference in serum testosterone and gossypol between the experimental group and the control group (P> 0.05).(3) The growth and development of testes in the control group and the experimental group were normal without pathological injury.【Conclusion】 The addition of 20% -50% cotton stalks to diet does not affect the production performance of reserve ram, serum related hormones and testicular growth and development, and 20% cotton stalks are the best.

Key words: cotton straw; ram; testis; production performance; hormone level

中图分类号:

S823

侯良忠, 张俊瑜, 张志军, 桑断疾, 郭同军, 李聪年. 日粮中添加不同比例棉秆对后备种公羊生产性能、血清激素和睾丸组织的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(3): 774-780.

HOU Liangzhong, ZHANG Junyu, ZHANG Zhijun, SANG Duanji, GUO Tongjun, LI Congnian. Effects of Adding Different Proportions of Cotton Stalks to the Diet on the Performance of Reserve Rams, Serum Related Hormones and Testicular Tissue[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(3): 774-780.

图/表 4

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项目 Items	试验处理 Experimental treatment
项目 Items	CK₁组 CK₁ group	CK₂组 CK₂ group	A组 A group	B组 B group	C组 C group	D组 D group
组成 Ingredients
棉秆 Cotton stalk	0.00	0.00	20.03	30.20	40.04	50.03
玉米秸秆 Corn stalk	22.95	22.09	10.20	6.23	2.83	0.00
苜蓿 Alfalfa	12.54	12.42	10.50	6.18	4.45	0.00
麦秸 Wheat straw	12.13	11.17	8.96	6.57	2.99	0.00
玉米 Corn	28.3	29.16	23.48	22.26	20.34	18.89
麸皮 Wheat bran	3.01	3.01	3.01	2.95	2.95	2.95
豆粕 Soybean meal	17.44	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
棉籽粕 Cotton seed meal	0.00	18.53	20.20	21.99	22.78	24.51
食盐 NaCl	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO₃	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80
预混料Premix¹⁾	2.03	2.02	2.02	2.02	2.02	2.02
合计 Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
营养水平Nutrient levels²⁾
代谢能ME/(MJ/kg)	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00
粗蛋白质 Cp	14.56	12.79	13.70	14.12	14.21	14.98
粗脂肪 EE	1.06	0.99	1.27	1.32	1.13	1.12
中性洗涤纤维 NDF	35.37	39.28	55.41	37.35	35.18	34.92
酸性洗涤纤维 ADF	19.67	23.50	41.14	26.57	27.87	27.61
钙 Ca	0.96	1.05	1.39	1.47	1.16	1.58
磷P	0.36	0.35	0.42	0.43	0.41	0.41
游离棉酚 Free gosspol/(mg/kg)	0	74.55	141.17	158.65	189.81	196.39

项目 Items	试验处理 Experimental treatment
项目 Items	CK₁组 CK₁ group	CK₂组 CK₂ group	A组 A group	B组 B group	C组 C group	D组 D group
组成 Ingredients
棉秆 Cotton stalk	0.00	0.00	20.03	30.20	40.04	50.03
玉米秸秆 Corn stalk	22.95	22.09	10.20	6.23	2.83	0.00
苜蓿 Alfalfa	12.54	12.42	10.50	6.18	4.45	0.00
麦秸 Wheat straw	12.13	11.17	8.96	6.57	2.99	0.00
玉米 Corn	28.3	29.16	23.48	22.26	20.34	18.89
麸皮 Wheat bran	3.01	3.01	3.01	2.95	2.95	2.95
豆粕 Soybean meal	17.44	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
棉籽粕 Cotton seed meal	0.00	18.53	20.20	21.99	22.78	24.51
食盐 NaCl	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO₃	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80	0.80
预混料Premix¹⁾	2.03	2.02	2.02	2.02	2.02	2.02
合计 Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
营养水平Nutrient levels²⁾
代谢能ME/(MJ/kg)	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00
粗蛋白质 Cp	14.56	12.79	13.70	14.12	14.21	14.98
粗脂肪 EE	1.06	0.99	1.27	1.32	1.13	1.12
中性洗涤纤维 NDF	35.37	39.28	55.41	37.35	35.18	34.92
酸性洗涤纤维 ADF	19.67	23.50	41.14	26.57	27.87	27.61
钙 Ca	0.96	1.05	1.39	1.47	1.16	1.58
磷P	0.36	0.35	0.42	0.43	0.41	0.41
游离棉酚 Free gosspol/(mg/kg)	0	74.55	141.17	158.65	189.81	196.39

项目 Items	CK₁组 CK₁ group	CK₂组 CK₂ group	A组 A group	B组 B group	C组 C group	D组 D group	SEM	P值 P value
干物质采食量 Dry matter intake (kg/d)	1.93^Bb	1.91^Bb	1.90^Bb	2.15^ABb	1.93^Bb	2.25^Aa	0.072	0.01
日增重 Daily gaing (g/d)	224.72	191.67	179.58	175.42	146.67	141.04	32.322	0.38
料肉比 Feed conversion ratio	8.72	9.97	11.33	13.21	13.54	18.78	3.581	0.31

项目 Items	CK₁组 CK₁ group	CK₂组 CK₂ group	A组 A group	B组 B group	C组 C group	D组 D group	SEM	P值 P value
干物质采食量 Dry matter intake (kg/d)	1.93^Bb	1.91^Bb	1.90^Bb	2.15^ABb	1.93^Bb	2.25^Aa	0.072	0.01
日增重 Daily gaing (g/d)	224.72	191.67	179.58	175.42	146.67	141.04	32.322	0.38
料肉比 Feed conversion ratio	8.72	9.97	11.33	13.21	13.54	18.78	3.581	0.31

项目 Items	CK₁组 CK₁ group	CK₂组 CK₂ group	A组 A group	B组 B group	C组 C group	D组 D group	SEM	P值 P value
睾酮 Testosteronen (ng/dL)	127.02	116.85	78.56	72.88	66.13	64.91	46.993	0.82
胰岛素 InsulinnμIU/(mL)	11.16	12.28	12.16	17.43	8.42	15.01	3.437	0.38
游离棉酚 Free gosspolμg/(mL)	ND	0.10	0.21	0.30	0.19	0.33	0.056	0.51