Abstract: 【Objective】 Screen high-quality pepper,this study will take different cultivated pepper as the research object,through interspecific hybridization,determine the main fruit traits of F₁ generation,analyze the genetic characteristics of main fruit traits in the hope of providing a reference for future cross breeding and germplasm resource improvement. 【Methods】 Improve the efficiency of pepper cross breeding,F₁ was obtained through interspecific hybridization.The success rate of interspecific hybridization was detected by Indel molecular marker technology.The content of capsaicin in the fruit was determined by HPLC and the color value was detected by UV spectrophotometer.Afterwards,the genetic diversity and correlation of all pepper fruit traits and quality traits were analyzed by SPSS and Origin 2019 software. 【Results】 The authenticity of F₁ hybrids among 28 pepper resources was identified by using Indel markers.The results showed that all the annuals could successfully cross with devil pepper(ZL-280) and shrub pepper(HY-1),and the genetic characteristics of the main fruit traits showed super dominance effect,additive effect and dominant effect.However,it failed to cross with bird pepper(X-260),which might be due to interspecific hybridization obstacles. 【Conclusion】 From this study,it can be concluded that there are certain hybridization characteristics in different interspecific hybridization of pepper.Annual pepper can be successfully crossed with devil pepper and shrub pepper,and the variation range of main fruit characters of hybrid offspring is large.