Abstract: 【Objective】 This project aim to explore the response of the population and desert community quantitative characteristics to grazing exclusion, and make clear its dynamic changes in different growth periods in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the scientific grassland management.【Method】The important value of eco-economic categories, population and desert community characteristics of Seriphidium borotalalense after grazing exclusion four years in different growth periods (May, July and September) were measured by using the field investigation sampling method.【Result】(1) The important values of semi shrub and perennial herbs in May and July in response to grazing exclusion were not significant, but in grazing exclusion areas, they were significantly higher and lower than grazing areas' 6.5%, 93.8% in September (P<0.05); (2) Compared with the grazing area, population height significantly was increased by 23.1% in July, the coverage of population and community were significantly increased by 43.9% and 57% respectively, and their biomass were significantly increased by 119.9% and 51%.【Conclusion】Short-term grazing exclusion can increase coverage and biomass of population and desert community of S. borotalalense in initial grazing period, thus improving the quality of grassland.