UVA 和 UVB 辐射胁迫对番茄潜叶蛾生长发育及生理代谢的影响

Effects of UVA and UVB radiation on growth, development and physiological metabolism of Tuta absoluta

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探究 UVA 和 UVB 辐射对番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta生长发育、种群生命表参数及体内抗氧化酶活性的影响，明确紫外辐射对番茄潜叶蛾的胁迫效应。
    方法 以番茄潜叶蛾各虫态为试虫，设置 UVA、UVB 和CK（自然光）对照处理，测定各虫态发育历期、存活率、种群生命参数及体内超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)、过氧化物酶 (POD) 活性。
    结果 UVA和UVB处理均显著影响番茄潜叶蛾的生长发育。UVB 处理卵期、蛹期、成虫历期分别为 5.59、11.58、17.00 d，UVA 处理依次为 5.40、8.90、15.30 d，2个处理下卵期、蛹期及成虫历期均显著高于对照，幼虫历期则显著缩短。UVB 处理卵孵化率最低，净生殖率R0=0.26、内禀增长率rm=0.04；UVA 处理R0=3.69、rm=0.05；对照组R0=23.26、rm=0.10。UVB 处理平均世代周期 31.24 d，显著高于 UVA 处理，与CK相比略有增加。UV 辐射胁迫可显著提升 CAT、POD 活性；SOD 活性仅在 UVA 处理下显著升高，UVB 组与对照无显著差异。
    结论 UVA 和 UVB 辐射显著延长番茄潜叶蛾卵、蛹、成虫历期，缩短幼虫历期，抑制种群增长；结果表明，番茄潜叶蛾可能通过调节 SOD、CAT和POD 活性响应紫外辐射诱导的氧化胁迫，且UVA与UVB胁迫效应存在明显差异。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To explore the effects of UVA and UVB radiation on growth, development, population life table parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities of Tuta absoluta, and clarify the stress effects induced by ultraviolet radiation on this pest.
    Methods All developmental stages of T. absoluta were treated with UVA radiation, UVB radiation and CK (natural light control). The developmental duration, survival rate, population growth parameters and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were determined.
    Results UVA and UVB radiation significantly altered the growth and development of T. absoluta. Under UVB treatment, the egg, pupal and adult developmental durations were 5.59 d, 11.58 d and 17.00 d, respectively; under UVA treatment, the corresponding durations were 5.40 d, 8.90 d and 15.30 d. The egg, pupal and adult durations of both UV treatments were significantly longer than those of the CK group, while the larval developmental duration was remarkably shortened. The UVB group had the lowest egg hatching rate, with R0=0.26 and rm=0.04; the UVA group had R0=3.69 and rm=0.05; the CK group had R0=23.26 and rm=0.10. The mean generation time of the UVB group (31.24 d) was significantly longer than that of the UVA group and slightly longer than that of the CK group (30.82 d). The activities of CAT and POD increased significantly under both UVA and UVB stress; SOD activity only rose significantly under UVA treatment, and there was no significant difference in SOD activity between the UVB group and the CK group.
    Conclusion UVA and UVB radiation significantly prolonged the developmental durations of eggs, pupae and adults, shortened larval developmental duration and inhibited population growth of T. absoluta, and UVB exhibited stronger inhibitory effects than UVA. Under ultraviolet radiation stress, T. absoluta upregulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes to resist oxidative damage. CAT and POD are sensitive to both UVA and UVB bands, whereas SOD only produces a specific response to UVA exposure. The differential stress effects of the two UV bands clarified in this study can provide an experimental basis for developing physical green prevention and control technologies using targeted ultraviolet radiation against T. absoluta.

     

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