雪菊总黄酮提取工艺优化及不同溶剂萃取物的抗氧化活性研究

Extraction process optimization of total flavonoids from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt and evaluation of antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 研究雪菊总黄酮最佳提取工艺及其不同溶剂萃取物的抗氧化活性。
    方法 采用乙醇-水回流提取法，通过设计单因素和正交试验优化雪菊总黄酮的提取工艺，并采用不同有机溶剂进行萃取，测定比较各溶剂萃取物的黄酮萃取率、抗氧化活性以及特征性成分马里苷和黄诺玛苷含量。
    结果 雪菊总黄酮最佳提取工艺条件：75%乙醇，料液比1∶10（g/mL），80 ℃下回流提取120 min，此工艺条件下雪菊总黄酮萃取率为27.52%。在不同有机溶剂萃取物中，正丁醇萃取物萃取率和雪菊总黄酮质量最高，分别为11.20%和（458.2 ± 0.11） mg/g。乙酸乙酯萃取物的萃取率和总黄酮质量为10.17%和（276.4 ± 0.19） mg/g。不同溶剂萃取物均有一定的抗氧化活性，抗氧化能力顺序为正丁醇 > 乙酸乙酯 > 二氯甲烷 > 正己烷。在0.03～1.00 mg/mL的萃取物质量浓度范围内，随着质量浓度的增加，抗氧化活性也相应增大。当质量浓度达到1.00 mg/mL时，正丁醇和乙酸乙酯萃取物抗氧化活性接近一致。正丁醇萃取物中马里苷和黄诺玛苷的质量分别为（382.02 ± 0.42） mg/g和（92.35 ± 0.53） mg/g，乙酸乙酯萃取物中马里苷和黄诺玛苷质量分别为（262.15 ± 0.07） mg/g和（23.81 ± 0.12） mg/g。
    结论 本研究优化得到的雪菊总黄酮提取工艺，其总黄酮提取率可达27.52%，其中，正丁醇萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物具有较优的体外抗氧化活性，均富含特征性成分马里苷和黄诺玛苷，因此，这2种溶剂萃取物均可作为分离雪菊黄酮单体化合物的重点研究资源。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The optimization of extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Coreopsis tinctoria (C. tinctoria) was studied, and the antioxidant activities of the extracts with different solvents were evaluated.
    Methods Mixed solvents of ethanol and water was used to extract total flavonoids of C. tinctoria by optimization design of single factors and orthogonal test. Next, the mixture of the total flavonoids was fractionally extracted with different organic solvents. The extraction rate of flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and the content of characteristic components of marein and flavanomarein were measured and compared.
    Results The optimal conditions for extraction of the total C, tinctoria flavonoids were 75% ethanol, 1∶10 (g/mL) solid-liquid ratio, reflux extraction at 80 ℃ for 120 min. The extraction rate of total flavonoids was 27.52%. Among the different organic solvent extracts, the n-butanol extract had the highest extraction yield (11.20%) and the highest quality of (458.2 ± 0.11) mg/g. The ethyl acetate extract yielded 10.17% of extraction yield and (276.4 ± 0.19) mg/g of total flavonoids. The four kinds of solvent extracts all had certain antioxidant activities, and the order of antioxidant capacity from high to low was n-butanol > ethyl acetate > dichloromethane > hexane. In the range of 0.03～1.00 mg/mL, the antioxidant activity increased with the increase of the mass concentration of the extract. When the mass concentration reached 1.00 mg/mL, the antioxidant activities of n-butanol extracts and ethyl acetate extracts were approximately the same. The concentrations of marein and flavonomarein in n-butanol extract were (382.02 ± 0.42) mg/g and (92.35 ± 0.53) mg/g, respectively, and those in ethyl acetate extract were (262.15 ± 0.07) mg/g and (23.81 ± 0.12) mg/g, respectively.
    Conclusion In this study, the optimized extraction process of total flavonoids from Coreopsis tinctoria yielded a total flavonoid extraction rate of 27.52%, among which, n-butanol extract and ethyl acetate extract had better antioxidant activity in vitro, and both were rich in characteristic components of marein and flavonomarein. Therefore, these two kinds of solvent extracts can be used as key research resources for further purification of monomer flavonoid compounds of Coreopsis tinctoria.

     

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