Abstract: 【Objective】 Study Characteristics of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Wheat Production and Factors Affecting Yield Improvement in Xinjiang In-depth grasp of the pulse of wheat production in Xinjiang, to provide a scientific basis for rational planning of planting areas, optimize the allocation of resources. 【Methods】 Based on the research results in Kashgar, the spatial evolution pattern of wheat production in Xinjiang and the influencing factors of wheat yield were analyzed by using the center of gravity analysis method and the fixed effect regression model. 【Results】 Wheat yields in Xinjiang increased from 350.65 kg/667m² in 2005 to 400.6 kg/667m² in 2024, with significant technology-driven features but obvious regional differences.Econometric results show that climatic factors such as temperature and sunshine duration, together with the expansion of production scale and total mechanical power, are the core drivers of yield improvement. 【Conclusion】 In order to increase wheat yield in Xinjiang, we need to rely on the system of “climate-adapted varieties + mechanized operation + highly efficient water-saving irrigation”, and focus on breaking through the bottleneck of water resource constraints in the south and labor loss in the north, so as to provide theoretical support for regional food security.