Abstract: 【Objective】 Wheat stripe rust (P.striiformis) poses a major threat to global wheat production, severely impacting food security.Xinjiang, as a key independent epidemic area in China and a hub for pathogen exchange with Central Asia, exhibits unique and complex disease dynamics. 【Methods】 This paper systematically analyzes the current status, epidemic patterns, and control challenges of wheat stripe rust in Xinjiang through literature review and field studies, proposing integrated management strategies. 【Results】 The disease demonstrates fluctuating epidemic trends in Xinjiang, with highly diverse pathogen virulence and complex genetic structures.Dominant races (e.g., CYR34) present significant threats.Cross-border pathogen migration (particularly with Central Asian countries) heightens transmission risks.Key challenges include: Rapid loss of varietal resistance due to pathogen virulence shifts; Triazole fungicide resistance (e.g., CYP51 Y134F mutation) from prolonged singular usage; Inadequate monitoring coverage, undefined cross-border transmission routes, and lack of international cooperation mechanisms.Recommended strategies: Zoned management and varietal optimization; Agro-ecological regulation techniques; Scientific fungicide application with resistance management; Intelligent monitoring systems and regional collaborative networks. 【Conclusion】 Sustainable control of wheat stripe rust in Xinjiang requires a core strategy of "zoned management, multi-technology integration, and full-process prevention," supported by AI-driven monitoring and regional coordination to safeguard food security.