Abstract: 【Objective】 Based on the analysis of the current situation and problems of the melon industry in Xinjiang, practical measures are proposed to enhance the core competitiveness of the melon industry. 【Methods】 By collecting and analyzing relevant data of the melon industry in Xinjiang, combined with field research and interviews, a comprehensive assessment of the current situation of the industry was conducted, the problems in the development of the industry were analyzed, and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. 【Results】 The melon industry in Xinjiang plays an important role in promoting agricultural efficiency, increasing farmers' income, rural revitalization and regional economic development, but it is also faced with problems such as homogenization of varieties, uneven promotion of technology, constraints of water resources, rising labor costs, bottlenecks of mechanization, high post-harvest losses, weak deep-processing capacity, insufficient brand building and single sales channels. 【Conclusion】 By promoting science and technology and full-chain coordination, strengthening breeding research, promoting advanced technologies, solving mechanization problems, improving the processing system, and building high-value brands, the core competitiveness of the melon industry in Xinjiang can be effectively enhanced, and the high-quality development of the industry can be promoted.