补喂乙酸钠对放牧伊犁马泌乳性能及其马驹生长发育的影响

Effects of supplementing sodium acetate on lactation performance and foal growth of grazing Yili horse

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 试验旨在研究给放牧条件下泌乳母马补喂乙酸钠，探究对母马产乳量、乳成分及马驹生长发育的影响，为脂肪酸调控泌乳期母马泌乳性能、改善马驹生长发育提供参考依据。
    方法 本研究选择产驹日期相近，年龄5~8岁，胎次2~4胎、平均体重为（422.66 ± 37.28） kg，泌乳30 d且日均8 h挤奶量（2.80 ± 0.41） kg的12匹带驹伊犁马泌乳母马和马驹各12匹（母子关系）。在相同的放牧、饮水和挤奶条件下，将12匹母马随机分为2个组，分别为对照组和试验组（马驹随母马分组一致）。对照组母马不补喂任何脂肪酸，试验组母马每天每匹补喂乙酸钠82.5 mg·kg−1·BW−1。试验期为90 d，定期统计母马产乳量，采集乳样测定乳成分，每30 d测量1次马驹体重及体尺。
    结果 （1）在试验期内补喂乙酸钠对泌乳母马产奶量、乳蛋白、乳糖及非脂固形物无显著性影响（P > 0.05）；（2）在试验的第30、60和90 d补喂乙酸钠可显著提高乳脂率，分别比对照组提高了51.18%、39.17%和58.00%（P < 0.05）；（3）在试验第30~60 d，马驹体重的增重，试验组马驹比对照组显著提高了44.89%（P < 0.05）；平均日增重无显著性影响（P > 0.05）；胸围，在试验第60和90 d时，试验组马驹均显著高于对照组，分别提高了8.48%和8.53%（P < 0.05）。
    结论 在本试验条件下，给放牧条件下泌乳母马补喂乙酸钠，可改善母马泌乳性能，显著提高乳脂率；促进马驹的生长发育，提高体重和胸围的增长。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The experimentaims to study the effects of sodium acetate supplementation on milk yield, milk composition and foal growth of lactating mares under grazing conditions, so as to provide reference for fatty acids to regulate lactation performance of lactating mares and improve foal growth and development.
    Methods In this study, 12 lactating mares and 12 foals (mother-child relationship) were selected, with similar foal delivery dates, age of 5～8 years, fetal times of 2～4, average weight of (422.66 ± 37.28) kg, lactation for 30 days and average daily milking amount of (2.80 ± 0.41) kg. Under the same grazing, drinking and milking conditions, 12 mares were randomly divided into two groups, namely the control group and the experimental group (the foals were grouped together with the mares). The mares in the control group were not supplemented with any fatty acids, while the mares in the experimental group were supplemented with 82.5 mg·kg−1·BW−1 of sodium acetate every day. The experiment lasted for 90 days. The milk yield of mares was counted regularly, and milk samples were collected to determine milk components. The foal's weight and body measurements were measured every 30 days.
    Results (1) Supplementing sodium acetate had no significant effect on milk yield, milk protein, lactose and non-fat solids of lactating mares during the experimental period (P > 0.05). (2) Supplementing sodium acetate on the 30th, 60th and 90th day of the experiment could significantly increase the milk fat rate, which was 51.18%, 39.17% and 58.00% higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (3) On the 30th and 60th day of the experiment, the weight gain of foal in the experimental group was significantly increased by 44.89% compared with that in the control group (P<0.05); The average daily gain had no significant effect (P > 0.05). Chest circumference, at the 60th and 90th day of the experiment, the foals in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, which increased by 8.48% and 8.53% respectively (P < 0.05).
    Conclusion Under the experimental conditions, feeding sodium acetate to lactating mares under grazing conditions can improve their lactation performance and significantly increase the milk fat rate, promote the growth and development of foal, improve the growth of weight and bust.

     

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