双点源间歇滴灌制度对土壤水盐分布特征的影响

Effects of intermittent drip irrigation with two point sources on soil water and salt distribution characteristics

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探明双点源间歇滴灌制度对土壤水盐分布特征的影响，为间歇滴灌土壤水盐调控提供理论依据和实践指导。
    方法 以新疆南疆阿拉尔垦区塔里木灌区典型棉田土壤为研究对象，开展模拟滴头间距为 30 cm、滴头流量为1.2 L/h双点源室内土箱入渗试验，比较分析不同间歇灌溉时间与一次灌水延续时间组合处理下，土壤湿润峰和湿润体内部水分及盐分的分布特征。试验中灌水间歇时间设置3个水平，分别为1、2、3 d；一次灌水延续时间设置3个水平，分别为3、4、5 h，共6个处理。
    结果 双点源入渗过程湿润锋曲线由两个半椭圆形逐渐交汇形成马鞍形，并最终演变为水平入渗长度大于垂直入渗深度的半椭圆形。T3处理土壤湿润面积和含水率均匀系数最大。交汇区土壤水分含量均值和盐分含量均值均高于滴头处剖面，交汇区剖面盐分均值增幅为15.61%～45.29%，其中T3处理增幅最小。T1、T2、T3、T4、T5处理湿润体内水分含量均值比T6处理分别增加0.78%、2.20%、2.72%、1.09%、3.32%。T1、T2、T3、T4、T5处理的滴头处和交汇区剖面脱盐区平均脱盐率比T6处理分别增加12.27%、25.54%、38.35%、25.39%、37.41%和8.30%、18.43%、30.76%、10.11%、30.28%。
    结论 综合考虑，推荐采用灌水间歇时间为3 d、一次灌水延续时间为5 h的滴灌制度，可以实现土壤水盐高效管理。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the effects of intermittent drip irrigation system with two point sources on soil water and salt distribution characteristics, and to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for soil water and salt regulation of intermittent drip irrigation.
    Methods Taking the typical cotton soil in Tarim Irrigation area, Alar Reclamation area, southern Xinjiang as the research object, a simulated two-point soil box infiltration test was carried out with the titer spacing of 30 cm and the titer flow rate of 1.2L/h, and the distribution characteristics of soil moisture peak and water and salt in the wetted body were compared and analyzed under the combined treatment of different intermittent irrigation time and one irrigation duration. Three levels of irrigation interval time were set in the experiment, namely 1, 2 and 3 d. Three levels of irrigation duration were set, namely 3, 4 and 5 h, and there were 6 treatments in total.
    Results The wetting front curve of the two-point source infiltration process gradually converges from two semi-ovals to form a saddle shape, and eventually evolves into a semi-ovals with the horizontal infiltration length greater than the vertical infiltration depth. The uniformity coefficient of soil moisture area and moisture content in T3 treatment was the largest. The mean value of soil water content and salt content in the intersection section were higher than those in the droplet section, and the mean value of salt in the intersection section increased by 15.61%~45.29%, and the increase in T3 treatment was the least. Compared with T6 treatment, the mean moisture content in moist body of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatment was increased by 0.78%, 2.20%, 2.72%, 1.09% and 3.32%, respectively. Compared with T6 treatment, the average desalting rate at the drop head and intersection area of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatment increased by 12.27%, 25.54%, 38.35%, 25.39%, 37.41% and 8.30%, 18.43%, 30.76%, 10.11% and 30.28%, respectively.
    Conclusion Based on comprehensive consideration, it is recommended to adopt the drip irrigation system with the intermittent irrigation time of 3 d and the duration of one irrigation time of 5 h, which can realize the efficient management of soil water and salt.

     

    • HTML全文
    • 参考文献(25)
    • 相关文章
    • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)

/

返回文章
返回