春小麦品种（系）苗期抗条锈病鉴定及抗病基因分子检测

Identification of stripe rust resistance at the seedling stage and molecular detection of resistance genes in spring wheat varieties (lines) in Xinjiang

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 研究新疆春小麦品种（系）对条锈菌生理小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34的苗期抗性及抗条锈病基因分布。
    方法 以71份新疆春小麦为材料，分别在苗期接种条锈菌生理小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34进行苗期抗病性鉴定，并利用7个抗条锈病基因Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18、Yr26和Yr80的分子标记对供试材料进行抗条锈病基因检测。
    结果 71份材料中，共有63份材料表现出苗期抗性，占比88.73%，对生理小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34分别表现抗性的有38、43和47份材料，占比为53.52%、60.56%和66.20%，对CYR32、CYR33和CYR34均表现出苗期抗性的小麦品种有19份，占比为26.76%。分子检测结果显示，共有17份材料可能携带抗病基因，其中可能携带有Yr9和Yr80的材料分别有13份和5份，仅有核春-97可能同时携带Yr9和Yr80，所有材料均未检测到Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr18和Yr26。
    结论 供试材料对生理小种CYR34的苗期抗性频率最高，所有供试材料中仅检测到少量Yr9和Yr80，可能存在潜在的未知抗条锈病基因。本研究明确了71份新疆春小麦品种（系）的苗期抗病性和抗条锈病基因分布，为培育持久抗条锈病小麦品种提供依据。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  Study on the resistance at the seedling stage to stripe rust races CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34 in spring wheat varieties (lines) in Xinjiang and its resistance genes distribution.
    Methods Seedling resistance was evaluated by inoculating 71 Xinjiang spring wheat varieties with CYR32, CYR33, and CYR34 races during the seedling stage. Subsequently, molecular markers specific to 7 stripe rust resistance genes (Yr5, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr18, Yr26, and Yr80) were employed to detect the presence of these genes in the test materials.
    Results Among 71 materials, a total of 63 materials showed seedling resistance, accounting for 88.73%, and 38, 43 and 47 materials showed resistance to CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34 races, respectively, accounting for 53.52%, 60.56% and 66.20%, 19 wheat varieties (26.76%) showed seedling resistance to all CYR32, CYR33 and CYR34. Molecular marker detection results indicated that 17 varieties (lines) may carry resistance genes, of which 13 and 5 materials may carry Yr9 and Yr80, respectively. Only the variety Hechun-97 might carry both Yr9 and Yr80. None of the tested varieties (lines) were detected with Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr18, and Yr26.
    Conclusion The highest frequency of seedling resistance to CYR34 was observed in the material, Only a small amount of Yr9 and Yr80 was detected in all the materials, which may have potential unknown stripe rust resistance genes. In this study, we clarified the resistance at seedling stage and the distribution of resistance genes in 71 Xinjiang spring wheat varieties (lines), providing a basis for breeding durable resistant wheat varieties against stripe rust.

     

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