盐渍化棉田滴灌技术参数组合优选

Optimization of drip irrigation parameter combinations for salinized cotton fields

  • 摘要: 【目的】 研究新疆北疆克拉玛依地区盐渍化棉田滴灌技术参数组合。 【方法】 设置2个灌水定额(W1:52.5 mm、W2:γh(S0-S1)/K mm),4个(滴头流量×间距)组合(T1:1.4 L/h×20 cm、T2:2.0 L/h×30 cm、T3:2.4 L/h×30 cm、T4:2.7 L/h×30 cm)。分析不同滴灌技术参数组合交互对棉花水盐、生长、产量多个指标的影响。采用AHP层次分析法和CRITIC权重法对3类因素11个指标进行多层赋权,运用博弈论的组合赋权法获得各单一指标最终权重,基于模糊物元模型建盐渍化棉田滴灌技术参数组合综合评价体系,并以控盐、高产为目标建立不同滴灌技术参数条件下的盐渍化棉田水盐交互响应数学模型。 【结果】 灌水定额和滴头流量对盐分淋洗效率、作物生长及产量影响显著(P<0.05)。增加淋洗定额可以有效提高根区含水率、盐分淋洗效率。各个指标最优处理均出现在 W2 灌水定额中,并随着滴头流量的增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,其中 T2 处理仅在根区下层盐分淋洗效率、株高等指标上优于 T3 处理,在盐渍化棉田滴灌技术参数组合综合评价体系下, T3W2 为最优滴灌技术参数组合。 【结论】 最优灌水量、滴头流量分别为5 631 m3/hm2、2.3 L/h。

     

    Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the optimal drip irrigation parameter combinations for salinized cotton fields in Karamay, northern Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Two irrigation quotas (W1: 52.5 mm, W2: γh(S0-S1)/K mm) and four emitter flow rate × emitter spacing combinations (T1: 1.4 L/h×20 cm, T2: 2.0 L/h×30 cm, T3: 2.4 L/h×30 cm, T4: 2.7 L/h×30 cm) were set in the experiment and the interactive effects of these combinations on multiple indicators, including soil water-salt dynamics, crop growth, and yield, were analyzed. Meanwhile, multi-level weighting system was established using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the CRITIC weighting method to evaluate 11 indicators across three categories. Game theory-based combination weighting was applied to determine the final weights for single indicators. A fuzzy matter-element model was used to construct a comprehensive evaluation system for drip irrigation parameter combinations in salinized cotton fields. Furthermore, a mathematical model for soil water-salt interaction under different drip irrigation parameters was developed with the dual objectives of salinity control and high yield. 【Results】 Irrigation quota and emitter flow rate significantly affected salinity leaching efficiency, crop growth, and yield (P < 0.05). Increasing the leaching quota effectively enhanced root zone water content and salinity leaching efficiency. The optimal values for each indicator were observed under the W2 irrigation quota, with trends showing an initial increase and subsequent decrease as the emitter flow rate increased. Among the treatments, T2 outperformed T3 in lower root zone salinity leaching efficiency and plant height. However, under the comprehensive evaluation system, T3W2 was identified as the optimal drip irrigation parameter combination. 【Conclusion】 The optimal irrigation volume and emitter flow rate to be 5,631 m3/hm2 and 2.3 L/h, respectively.

     

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