Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of the study is to analyze their genetic diversity of wild strains of the Pleurotus in Xinjiang in the hope of providing basic materials and theoretical basis for enriching and developing new varieties. 【Methods】 The ITS sequence was used to identify the species and the ISSR markers technology to carry out the genetic diversity analysis on 40 wild oyster mushroom strains. 【Results】 The mycelia of 40 strains of wild oyster mushroom in Xinjiang were basically white, and there were no significant differences in colony morphology, but certain differences in mycelia growth and growth speed. By ITS sequence analysis, 40 strains could be divided into 4 groups. 10 ISSR primers amplified a total of 83 clear DNA bands, including 82 polymorphic bands with a polymorphism ratio of 98.80%, and the 40 tested strains were divided into 5 groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.66. In general, the 40 strains of wild oyster mushroom tested showed significant genetic diversity, which had important reference value for the breeding of Xinjiang oyster mushroom. 【Conclusion】 Pleurotus spp. strains have the occurrence of genetic differentiation with relatively rich genetic diversity.