Abstract: 【Objective】 Based on SSR (Simple sequence repeat) markers, we aim to conduct correlation analysis on cotton SOC (Seed oil content), mine excellent allelic variation sites, and analyze the genetic mechanism of cotton seed oil content traits in the hope of providing a theoretical reference for cotton high-oil content breeding. 【Methods】 145 pairs of SSR markers covering the entire cotton genome were screened to conduct polymorphism scanning on 245 cotton varieties; R language was used to draw population phenotype distribution and correlation diagrams, and the mixed linear model of TASSEL software was used to perform correlation analysis, and mine excellent allelic variation sites related to SOC. 【Results】 34 allelic variation sites related to SOC were obtained (P<0.05). The explanation rate of phenotypic variation ranged from 1.83% to 8.7%, with an average value of 5.70%. 【Conclusion】 This study used correlation analysis to 34 sites related to oil content and cotton fiber quality and yield were discovered 9 sites.