Abstract: 【Objective】 The plant height of cotton can affect crop yield by affecting plant density and community photosynthesis efficiency. Therefore, cultivating ideal plant types of cotton is of great significance for improving cotton yield. 【Methods】 In current study, the GhSHA1 genes of upland cotton were obtained by BLAST comparison with the SHA1 genes of Arabidopsis thaliana. The effects of GhSHA1 genes on plant height development of cotton were investigated by VIGS, qRT-PCR and overexpression techniques. 【Results】 The results showed that GhSHA1 gene were highlyexpressed in the stem. GhSHA1 was a hydrophobic transmembrane protein with a preference for codons ending in A/T. GhSHA1 gene was silenced by VIGS technology in upland cotton, and the plant height of silenced plants was significantly lower than that of empty pTRV2:00 plants (P<0.01). GhSHA1 overexpression vector was constructed and transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared with the control wild type, the plant height of the overexpressed lines was significantly increased (P<0.01). Meanwhile, GhSHA1 overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana promoted the expression of WUS gene (P<0.01), decreased the expression of CLV3 gene (P<0.01),but had no effect on the expression of CLV1 and CLV2. 【Conclusion】 In summary, the results indicates that the GhSHA1 gene promotes cotton plant height development by enhancing the expression of SAM related genes. The study of this provides theoretical basis and technical support for improving the growth and development status of cotton.