Abstract: 【 Objective 】The calving difficulty of Simmental Cattle in China was analyzed by different parity, calving season, calf birth weight, calf sex and calving type.【 Methods 】Calving information of 18405 cows from 2018 to 2023 was collected from a large-scale cattle farm in Yili, Xinjiang and the least squares analysis of calving difficulty and ease factors was carried out by using SAS9.2 software.【 Results 】The parity had a significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01). Calving season had significant effect on calving difficulty (P < 0.05). The birth weight of calves had a significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01). The sex of calves had significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01). Calving type (singleton and twin) had a significant effect on calving difficulty (P< 0.01).【 Conclusion 】The difficult childbirth rate of cows in spring and wither is higher than that in summer;Low temperatares in spring and winter make newborn calves more sensitive to harsh weather conditions;calves with lighter body weight have weaker adaptability to the external environment of the uterus conpared to calves with heavier boby weight; The difficulty of childbirth in male calves is generally higher than that in female calves.