Abstract: 【 Objective 】This study aims to investigate the selective behavioral response of Orchestes steppensis to five Ulmus (elm) leaf species and analyze the volatile composition of these leaves. The goal is to find out whether plant volatiles are responsible for the selection preference of O. steppensis for five species of elm. 【 Methods 】Air was used as a blank control odor source, and the behavioral responses of air-U. pumila, air-U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', air-U. davidiana ‘Changzhi’, air-U. densa, and air-U. laciniata were determined using a four-armed olfactometer. On this basis, the behavioral responses of O. steppensis to the above selected elm leaves were determined using a four-armed olfactometer, and the number of males and females arriving at the odor source vials and the time of arrival were recorded to compare the selective preferences of O. steppensis for the leaves of the five species of elm. The volatile components of the five species of elm leaves were detected by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.【 Results 】O. steppensis showed no selective behavior for U. laciniata and chose the remaining four elm species, but there was a selective preference, preferring U. pumila, followed by U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', then U. densa, and finally U. davidiana. The number of choices made by females for U. pumila, U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', and U. densa were all highly significantly higher than those made by males, while there was no significant difference between the number of choices made by male and female adults for U. davidiana. In terms of reaction time, O. steppensis females took the longest time to reach U. davidiana, which was significantly higher than those of U. densa, U. pumila, and U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', while males took longer time to reach U. davidiana and U. densa, which was significantly higher than that of U. pumila and U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue'. The results of the GC-MS analyses showed that a total of 79 compounds were identified from five elm leaf volatiles, and 20, 18, 31, 23 and 10 compounds were detected respectively in U. pumila, U. pumila L. cv. 'Tenue', U. davidiana, U. densa, and U. laciniata leaf volatiles. 【 Conclusion 】Elm leaf volatiles are responsible for O. steppensis feeding preferences on five species of elm.